In search of the authentic nation: landscape and national identity in Canada and Switzerland

While the study of nationalism and national identity has flourished in the last decade, little attention has been devoted to the conditions under which natural environments acquire significance in definitions of nationhood. This article examines the identity-forming role of landscape depictions in two polyethnic nation-states: Canada and Switzerland. Two types of geographical national identity are identified. The first – what we call the ‘nationalisation of nature’– portrays zarticular landscapes as expressions of national authenticity. The second pattern – what we refer to as the ‘naturalisation of the nation’– rests upon a notion of geographical determinism that depicts specific landscapes as forces capable of determining national identity. The authors offer two reasons why the second pattern came to prevail in the cases under consideration: (1) the affinity between wild landscape and the Romantic ideal of pure, rugged nature, and (2) a divergence between the nationalist ideal of ethnic homogeneity and the polyethnic composition of the two societies under consideration

Idéologie politique et pensée géographique en Union Soviétique

The impact of political ideology on Soviet geographical thought — seemingly simple — has actually been highly complicated and even perverse. Some paradoxes : a) Soviet practice and philosophy are now as close to there pre 1917 traditions as are those of any National School, b) A the end of the Stalin period of total planning and ideological control, Soviet geography has become largely a physical science only weakly attuned to planning goals.. c) The "revolution" of the last decade or two, which has made Soviet geography more obviously "Marxist", was influenced most by a work which was labelled anti-Marxist by the geographical "establishment", d) The "ecological" and problem-oriented cast of present Soviet geography owes at least as much to world movements and to long-term Russian traditions as to Soviet ideology per se.The impact of political ideology on Soviet geographical thought — seemingly simple — has actually been highly complicated and even perverse. Some paradoxes : a) Soviet practice and philosophy are now as close to there pre 1917 traditions as are those of any National School, b) A the end of the Stalin period of total planning and ideological control, Soviet geography has become largely a physical science only weakly attuned to planning goals.. c) The "revolution" of the last decade or two, which has made Soviet geography more obviously "Marxist", was influenced most by a work which was labelled anti-Marxist by the geographical "establishment", d) The "ecological" and problem-oriented cast of present Soviet geography owes at least as much to world movements and to long-term Russian traditions as to Soviet ideology per se.Hooson David J. M. Idéologie politique et pensée géographique en Union Soviétique. In: Travaux de l'Institut Géographique de Reims, n°29-30, 1977. Géographie et théorie politique. pp. 39-45

The geographical identity of Portugal, with special reference to the work of Stanislawski

These pos-Soviet years have brougt a return of geography, along with history, after the long period of ideologically controlled uniformity. There is, in particular, a felt need for resurrection of the kind of regional and historical geography which was practiced in the tradition of the French schools of Vidal de La Blache and the "annales" on the one hand, and the Berkeley school of historical-cultural geography, personified by Sauer, on the other. The paper examines the contribution of Stanislawski, an essential regional, cultural-historical Berkeley geographer who had written three books and several articles on Portugal

Idéologie politique et pensée géographique en Union Soviétique

The impact of political ideology on Soviet geographical thought — seemingly simple — has actually been highly complicated and even perverse. Some paradoxes : a) Soviet practice and philosophy are now as close to there pre 1917 traditions as are those of any National School, b) A the end of the Stalin period of total planning and ideological control, Soviet geography has become largely a physical science only weakly attuned to planning goals.. c) The "revolution" of the last decade or two, which has made Soviet geography more obviously "Marxist", was influenced most by a work which was labelled anti-Marxist by the geographical "establishment", d) The "ecological" and problem-oriented cast of present Soviet geography owes at least as much to world movements and to long-term Russian traditions as to Soviet ideology per se.The impact of political ideology on Soviet geographical thought — seemingly simple — has actually been highly complicated and even perverse. Some paradoxes : a) Soviet practice and philosophy are now as close to there pre 1917 traditions as are those of any National School, b) A the end of the Stalin period of total planning and ideological control, Soviet geography has become largely a physical science only weakly attuned to planning goals.. c) The "revolution" of the last decade or two, which has made Soviet geography more obviously "Marxist", was influenced most by a work which was labelled anti-Marxist by the geographical "establishment", d) The "ecological" and problem-oriented cast of present Soviet geography owes at least as much to world movements and to long-term Russian traditions as to Soviet ideology per se.Hooson David J. M. Idéologie politique et pensée géographique en Union Soviétique. In: Travaux de l'Institut Géographique de Reims, n°29-30, 1977. Géographie et théorie politique. pp. 39-45

The geographical identity of Portugal, with special reference to the work of Stanislawski

These pos-Soviet years have brougt a return of geography, along with history, after the long period of ideologically controlled uniformity. There is, in particular, a felt need for resurrection of the kind of regional and historical geography which was practiced in the tradition of the French schools of Vidal de La Blache and the "annales" on the one hand, and the Berkeley school of historical-cultural geography, personified by Sauer, on the other. The paper examines the contribution of Stanislawski, an essential regional, cultural-historical Berkeley geographer who had written three books and several articles on Portugal