Construction of Emergency Adaptability Evaluation Index System for High-Rise Residential Buildings Based on Major Public Health Emergencies

With the continuous variation and increasing infectivity of novel coronavirus, people are forced to stay at home for a long time, and their lives and lives are constantly threatened by the virus. In order to provide scientific basis for evaluating and optimizing the epidemic prevention and control capability of high-rise residential buildings under public health emergencies, the evaluation index system of emergency adaptive performance of high-rise residential buildings is constructed. First of all, this paper uses Delphi method to consult experts in the form of questionnaire survey, and determines the framework of evaluation index system through two rounds of index screening process. Then use the analytic hierarchy process to determine the weight value of the evaluation index system, and finally check the consistency of the index weight. As a result, the emergency adaptation performance evaluation system of high-rise residential buildings under public health emergencies is obtained

Involvement of Actin-Regulating Factor Cofilin in the Inclusion Body Formation and RNA Synthesis of Human Parainfluenza Virus Type 3 via Interaction With the Nucleoprotein

Human parainfluenza virus type 3 (HPIV3) is one of the primary pathogens that causing severe respiratory tract diseases in newborns and infants. It could induce inclusion bodies (IBs) in infected cells. Comprised of viral nucleoprotein (N) and phosphoprotein (P), as well as some cellular factors, HPIV3 IBs are unique platform for efficient viral synthesis. Although several studies have demonstrated the formation of IBs, little is known about cellular proteins involved in HPIV3 IBs formation. By quantitative real-time PCR assays after cytochalasin D treatment, we found actin microfilaments of the cytoskeleton were indispensible for HPIV3 RNA synthesis. Using co-immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence assays, an actin-modulating protein, cofilin was found to involve in the IBs formation through interaction with the N protein in N–P induced IBs complex. Viral IBs formation reduced upon RNA interference knockdown of cellular cofilin, thus viral RNA synthesis and protein expression level were also suppressed. What’s more, the inactive form of cofilin, p-cofilin was increased after HPIV3 infection, and phosphorylation of cofilin was required for interacting with N–P complex and IBs formation. We further identified that the regions in cofilin interacting with N protein lies in the C-terminus. Our findings for the first time to state that cellular cofilin involves in HPIV3 IBs and interaction with N is critical for cofilin to aid IBs formation and enhancing viral RNA synthesis

Hardware-friendly stochastic and adaptive learning in memristor convolutional neural networks

Memristors offer great advantages as a new hardware solution for neuromorphic computing due to their fast and energy-efficient matrix vector multiplication. However, the nonlinear weight updating property of memristors makes it difficult to be trained in a neural network learning process. Several compensation schemes have been proposed to mitigate the updating error caused by nonlinearity; nevertheless, they usually involve complex peripheral circuits design. Herein, stochastic and adaptive learning methods for weight updating are developed, in which the inaccuracy caused by the memristor nonlinearity can be effectively suppressed. In addition, compared with the traditional nonlinear stochastic gradient descent (SGD) updating algorithm or the piecewise linear (PL) method, which are most often used in memristor neural network, the design is more hardware friendly and energy efficient without the consideration of pulse numbers, duration, and directions. Effectiveness of the proposed method is investigated on the training of LeNet-5 convolutional neural network. High accuracy, about 93.88%, on the Modified National Institute of Standards and Technology handwriting digits datasets is achieved (with typical memristor nonlinearity as ±1), which is close to the network with complex PL method (94.7%) and is higher than the original nonlinear SGD method (90.14%).Published versionThis work was supported by Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Committee, JCYJ20200109115210307, KQTD20170810160424889, RCYX20200714114733204, and JCYJ20170818155813437; Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation, 2019A1515111142; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory Program (2021B1212040001); and the Open Research Fund of Key Laboratory of Polar Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education

Synthesis of Bis(NHC)-Based CNC-Pincer Rare-Earth-Metal Amido Complexes and Their Application for the Hydrophosphination of Heterocumulenes

The bis­(NHC) (NHC = N-heterocyclic carbene)-based CNC-pincer rare-earth-metal amido complexes <b>L</b>RE­[N­(SiMe₃)₂]₂ (<b>L</b> = 4-CH₃-2-{R-[N­(CH)₂CN]}­C₆H₃]₂N; <b>L</b>^<b>2</b>, R = CH₃; <b>L</b>^<b>3</b>, R = CH­(CH₃)₂) were synthesized and characterized, and their catalytic activities toward hydrophosphination of heterocumulenes were developed. Reactions of bis­[2-(3-methylimidazolium)-4-methylphenyl]­amine diiodide (H₃<b>L</b>^<b>2</b>I₂) or bis­[2-(3-isopropylimidazolium)-4-methylphenyl]­amine diiodide (H₃<b>L</b>^<b>3</b>I₂) with 5 equiv of NaN­(SiMe₃)₂ followed by treatment with 1 equiv of RECl₃ in THF at −78 °C afforded the bis­(NHC)-based CNC-pincer rare-earth-metal amido complexes <b>L</b>RE­[N­(SiMe₃)₂]₂ (<b>L</b>^<b>2</b> = [4-CH₃-2-{CH₃-[N­(CH)₂CN]}­C₆H₃]₂N, RE = Y (<b>1</b>), Eu (<b>2</b>), Er (<b>3</b>); <b>L</b>^<b>3</b> = [4-CH₃-2-{(CH₃)₂CH-[N­(CH)₂CN]}­C₆H₃]₂N, RE = Y (<b>4</b>), Er (<b>5</b>), Yb (<b>6</b>)). Complexes <b>4</b>–<b>6</b> can also be prepared by stepwise reactions of H₃<b>L</b>^<b>3</b>I₂ with <i>n</i>-BuLi in THF followed by reactions with [(Me₃Si)₂N]₃RE­(μ-Cl)­Li­(THF)₃. Stepwise reactions of H₃<b>L</b>^<b>2</b>I₂ with <i>n</i>-BuLi in THF followed by treatment with [(Me₃Si)₂N]₃RE­(μ-Cl)­Li­(THF)₃ generated the bis­(NHC)-based CNC-pincer rare-earth-metal amido complexes <b>L</b>^<b>2</b>RE­[N­(SiMe₃)₂]₂ (RE = Y (<b>1</b>), Er (<b>3</b>)) together with the fused-heterocyclic compound 3,8,9-trimethyl-8a,9-dihydro-8<i>H</i>-benzo­[4,5]­imidazo­[2′,1′:2,3]­imidazo­[1,2-<i>a</i>]­imidazo­[2,1-<i>c</i>]­quinoxaline (<b>7</b>), which formed through carbene C–C and C–N coupling. Attempts to prepare complexes of the type <b>L</b>RE­[N­(SiMe₃)₂]₂ by reaction of H₃<b>L</b>^<b>3</b>I₂ with [(Me₃Si)₂N]₃Yb­(μ-Cl)­Li­(THF)₃ in THF, however, afforded mixed complexes of the bis­(NHC)-based CNC-pincer ytterbium complex <b>L</b>^<b>3</b>Yb­[N­(SiMe₃)₂]₂ (<b>6</b>) and the unexpected bis­(NHC)-based CNC-pincer monoamido ytterbium iodide <b>L</b>^<b>3</b>YbI­[N­(SiMe₃)₂] (<b>8</b>). Investigation of the catalytic activity of complexes <b>1</b>–<b>6</b> and <b>8</b> indicated that all complexes displayed high activity toward the addition of the phosphine P–H bond to heterocumulenes, producing the corresponding phosphaguanidines, phosphaureas, and phosphathioureas, which represents the first example of bis­(NHC)-based CNC-pincer type rare-earth-metal amido complexes as catalysts for the catalytic addition of the phosphine P–H bond to heterocumulenes with high efficiency in the presence of a low catalyst loading at room temperature