Avaliação do índice de estado trófico do parque aquícola sucupira, reservatório do Lajeado, Palmas (to)

Aquaculture is a growing activity within the food producing segments, however, it may affect the environment. Current analysis studied the trophic state of the Sucupira Aquaculture Park, an area for fish cultivation in net cages locateds in Lajeado Reservoir - Palmas (TO) - Brazil, applying the Trophic State Index (TSI)). Monitoring was undertaken between January and April of 2017 and comprised sampling for the analysis of total phosphorus and chlorophyll-a. Water quality data as temperature, turbidity, dissolved oxygen, conductivity, pH and dissolved total solids were obtained in loco. Considering the TSI resultsbetween January and April, the area was predominantly supereutrophic. It can be observed that the lake's trophic statewithin t aquaculture area is highly influenced by the rainy period. Since studies were not undertaken during the dry period, the differences between rain effects and fish farming activities were not possible to be detected. Further studies are required to understand the effects of aquaculture activities in the environment in a short and medium term by limnological monitoring. © 2019 University Center of Maringa. All rights reserved

Cambios Hematológicos En Cachamas (Colossoma Macropomum Cuvier, 1818) Expuestas A Diferentes Concentraciones De Percolado De Relleno Sanitario

The aim of this study was to evaluate the physiological changes of tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) exposed to leachate. The leachate is a liquid produced by the organic mass waste during the process of biological degradation. It was purchased in landfill controlled the city of Manaus located in Manaus-Itacoatiara highway (Km19). The experiments were conducted in the laboratory of the University Center Nilton Lins (CUNL). Two experiments were carried out, determining the LC50 (2.06 v / v) to the time of 24 hours, and hematological analysis using the LC50 pre-determined, which analyzed the concentrations of cortisol, glucose, Ht, Hb, CBR, VCM, MCH and MCHC. Juveniles of tambaqui with weights of 15 ± 4.6 g, and length of 7 ± 2 cm was used. Colossoma macropomum specie not showed statistically significant changes in haematological parameters, cortisol and glucose when exposed to a concentration of 2.06 v / v slurry for 3.6 and 9 hours.El objetivo principal de este estudio fue evaluar los cambios fisiológicos de cachamas (Colossoma macropomum) expuestas a la influencia de un relleno sanitario. La suspensión es un líquido producido por la masa de residuos orgánicos en el proceso de degradación biológica. Esta suspensión fue adquirida en un vertedero controlado de la ciudad de Manaus, ubicada en el km 19 de la carretera AM 010 (Manaus-Itacoatiara). Los experimentos se realizaron en el laboratorio del Centro Universitário Nilton Lins (CUNL). Se realizaron dos experimentos, la determinación de la CL50 (2,06 v / v) para el tiempo de 24 horas y hematológicos analiza utilizando el LC50 predeterminado. Se analizaron los niveles de cortisol, glucosa, hematocrito, hemoglobina, glóbulos rojos corpusculares. Fueron utilizados cachamas con peso de 15 g ± 4,6 y longitud de 7 ± 2 cm. La especie Colossoma macropomum no mostraron cambios estadísticos significativos para los parámetros hematológicos cuando el cortisol y la concentración de glucosa se exponen a 2,06 v/v de suspensión durante 3,6 horas y 9 horas

Acute effects of chemically dispersed crude oil on gill ion regulation, plasma ion levels and haematological parameters in tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum)

The main goal of this study was to investigate the toxicological effects of the chemical dispersant Corexit 9500, crude oil and the combination of the two components in the form of chemically dispersed crude oil (CO + DIS) on the ion regulation of the tropical fish tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum). Gill ion regulation was evaluated on the basis of unidirectional flux measurements (influx-Jin, efflux-Jout and net flux-Jnet) of Na+, Cl- and K+. Plasma ion composition, haematocrit, haemoglobin and glucose concentrations in the blood of tambaqui were determined by classical methods. The exposure of fish to chemically dispersed crude oil promoted a significant increase in Jout Na+ across the gills, which, together with the inability of fish to stimulate Na+ uptake to compensate for these losses resulted in significantly higher Jnet Na+ outward, particularly within the first 3 h of exposure. Increased outward Jnet Cl- was also seen in fish that were exposed to dispersed crude oil, whereas outward Jnet K+ was only increased at crude oil dispersed in higher concentration of Corexit 9500. Plasma Na+ and Cl- concentrations decreased between 6 and 12 h of exposure, whereas Ca2+ concentrations remained significantly lower than those of the control group over the entire experimental period. There were significant increases in plasma K+ concentrations and in the haematocrit after 6 and 24 h of exposure to dispersed crude oil, suggesting significant changes in the permeability of the erythrocytic membrane. Collectively, our results suggest that chemically dispersed crude oil promotes a more extensive impairment of gill ion regulation, in addition to changes in plasma ion levels and blood parameters, in tambaqui compared with exposure to Urucu crude oil or Corexit 9500 alone. Thus, in the event of an oil spill in Amazonian waters, the chemical dispersion of Urucu crude oil could represent a great risk to tambaqui, challenging their ability to maintain ionic and osmotic gradients in native ion-poor waters. © 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

Cadmium-induced disruption of environmental exploration and chemical communication in matrinxã, Brycon amazonicus

The effects of cadmium exposure on both environment exploration and behavioral responses induced by alarm substance in matrinxã (Brycon amazonicus), a fish species endemic to the Amazon basin, were investigated. Fish exposed to 9.04 ± 0.07 μg/L waterborne cadmium for 96 h followed by 24 h depuration period in clean water, were video-recorded for 15 min, followed by immediate introduction of conspecific skin extract to the tank and a new 30 min period of fish video-recording. Cd-exposed matrinxã showed a significantly lowered locomotor activity (t-test t12 = 2.7; p = 0.025) and spatial distribution (t-test t12 = 2.4; p = 0.03) relative to the unexposed control fish prior to the alarm substance introduction, and did not present any significant reaction when the skin extract was introduced. The control fish, in opposite, showed a higher level of activity and spatial distribution prior the skin extract contact and significantly decreased their response after the chemical stimulus (locomotion-repeated-measure ANOVA F1,11 = 5.6; p = 0.04; spatial distribution F1,11 = 19.4; p = 0.001). In conclusion, exposure to a low level of cadmium affects both the environment exploration performance and the conspecific chemical communication in matrinxã. If the reduced environmental exploration performance of Cd-exposed fish is an adjustment to the compromised chemical communication or an independent effect of cadmium is the next step to be investigated. © 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

One-step purification of metallothionein extracted from two different sources

We describe a one-step purification of hepatic metallothionein from the Amazon fish Colossoma macropomum injected with cadmium and from the copper-loaded metallothionein from the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, performed by affinity chromatography through metal-chelating columns. Yeast metallothionein was purified from Cu2+-loaded resin and eluted by a continuous EDTA gradient whereas hepatic metallothionein extracted from fishes was purified by Ni2+-loaded resin and eluted by a continuous imidazol gradient. Purified metallothioneins were evaluated by SDS-PAGE and characterized by UV spectra of the apo- and Cd2+-loaded protein. This method allowed high purity and yield as well as rapid one-step extraction of both metal-loaded and apoprotein. © 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved