O papel de uma legislação penal mais responsável na redução do fluxo de entrada no sistema prisional

O presente artigo chama a atenção para a parcela de responsabilidade do poder legislativo no agravamento do colapso da realidade carcerária no Brasil. Iniciamos com um breve panorama da atuação do legislador em prol do endurecimento da lei penal que resulta na ampliação da porta de entrada para o sistema de justiça criminal. Em seguida, o artigo destaca algumas propostas de alteração legislativa que têm o potencial de desafogar o sistema. No entanto, aponta que fatores estruturantes moldam o funcionamento do sistema de justiça e influenciam a eficácia da legislação penal. O fio condutor dessa análise observa a interação entre os poderes legislativo e judiciário, marcada pela visão de que um bom processo penal é o que resulta em prisão. Conclui-se que mudanças legislativas são necessárias, porém insuficientes para reverter a lógica encarceradora que conduziu à insustentabilidade da política criminal brasileira. Enfrentar a massificação do encarceramento exige a pactuação de uma política pública consistente que inclua, mas não se restrinja, à competência legislativa

Oxaliplatin as single agent in previously untreated colorectal carcinoma patients: a phase II multicentric study

Background. Oxaliplatin is a new cytotoxic agent from the diaminocyclohexane family with proven antitumor activity against colon cancer cell lines. Activity in patients with colorectal carcinoma previously treated with 5-fluorouracil has been studied in three single-agent phase II trials, showing a reproducible response rate of 10%. Here we report a phase II trial with oxaliplatin as a first-line chemotherapy for metastatic colorectal cancer. Patients and methods: Twenty-five patients were entered in the study. All of them had metastatic disease without previous chemotherapy, and at least one lesion had to be measurable by computed tomography (CT). Therapy consisted of a two-hour infusion of oxaliplatin at a dose of 130 mg/m(2) every 21 days. Results. The overall response rate determined by investigators was 20% (95% CI, 6.8%-40.7%). Eight patients (32%) had stable disease. The median time to disease progression in responders was six months (range four to nine). The median progression-free survival nias four months and median overall survival 14.5 months (95% CI, 10-20 months). The main toxic effects were peripheral neuropathy (92%) and laryngopharyngeal dysesthesia (75%). No severe grade 3-4 neurotoxicities (NCI-CTC) were found. Gastrointestinal and hematological toxicities were mild. Conclusions. Oxaliplatin is an active agent in first-line chemotherapy for advanced colorectal cancer. It was well tolerated, caused no toxic deaths, had low hematotoxicity, well controlled gastrointestinal toxicity, and frequent but mild peripheral neurological symptoms. Therefore, it is of interest to associate oxaliplatin with other active compounds

P2X7R, an innovation for the treatment of inflammatory diseases and cancer : an innovation for the treatment of inflammatory diseases and cancer

Lors de cette thèse de doctorat nous avons étudié la conception et la synthèse de nouveaux ligands des récepteurs purinergiques P2X7 (P2X7R) et l’évaluation de leurs activités anticancéreuses et anti-inflammatoires potentielles. Ces travaux résultent d’études antérieures réalisées au sein du laboratoire de pharmacochimie de HEI ainsi que de données extraites de la littérature scientifique. Ils ont abouti à la création de plus de 100 composés originaux qui ont été testés sur les P2X7R dans l’espoir d’obtention de nouveaux traitements des maladies inflammatoires chroniques de l’intestin (MICI) et de certains cancers.Les MICI sont des pathologies très handicapantes touchant environ 200000 personnes en France. Actuellement aucun traitement efficace n’existe, et les thérapies utilisées de nos jours ne font qu’améliorer le cadre de vie des patients mais ne permettent pas de les guérir. Cependant le développement de nouveaux traitements potentiels est en cours, avec notamment les ligands des P2X7R.Les P2X7R font partie du système de signalisation purinergique. Ces récepteurs appartiennent à la superfamille des canaux ioniques. Des études récentes, in vitro et in vivo, montrent leur implication dans de nombreux processus biologiques, dont l’inflammation et les mécanismes cancéreux. Les P2X7R sont notamment responsables de la libération d’interleukines et participent ainsi au processus inflammatoire des patients atteints de MICI. Enfin, bien que leur rôle dans les pathologies cancéreuses ne soit pas encore bien compris, il existe de nombreux arguments favorables pour l’utilisation d’antagonistes et/ou d’agonistes des P2X7R afin d’exploiter leur implication dans la mort cellulaire.During this PhD thesis, we studied the design, the synthesis and the evaluation of the potential activities against inflammation and cancer, of new ligands of the purinergic receptors P2X7 (P2X7R). This work results from previous studies in the pharmacochemistry laboratory of HEI and from the reviewing of the scientific literature and has resulted in the creation of more than 100 originals compounds. These were tested on the P2X7R with the hope of providing new treatments for inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) and some forms of cancers.IBDs are crippling diseases and an estimated 200000 people sufferer from them in France. As of yet, no effective treatment exists, and current therapies only focus on suppressing symptoms to give patients better quality of life, without curing them. However, the development of potential new treatments is on-going, in particular with the development of new P2X7R ligands.P2X7R are part of the purinergic signalling system. They belong to the super-family of ion-channels. Recent in vivo and in vitro studies are showing the implication of P2X7R in many biological pathways, including inflammation and cancer mechanisms. P2X7R are responsible for the liberation of interleukins and so, they take part in the inflammatory process of IBD’s patients. Lastly, even though their role in cancer is not well understood many arguments exist in favour of using P2X7R antagonists and/or agonists and exploiting them for their implication in cell death

La succession d’un Français résidant en Belgique : la planification successorale, une solution à tous les maux ?

Dans le cadre de ce travail de recherche, nous nous intéresserons au règlement d’une succession franco-belge. Tout au long de celui-ci, nous examinerons les techniques qui ont été mises en place pour éviter une double taxation. Nous aborderons donc ce sujet sous deux aspects : un aspect théorique et un aspect pratique. Nous attirerons l’attention des lecteurs sur l’intérêt de recourir à la planification successorale.Master [120] en droit, Université catholique de Louvain, 2018La diffusion de ce mémoire n'est pas autorisée par l'institutio

La réforme du système éducatif angolais en 2016

L’Angola est une île. Avec près de 2 700 km de frontières le séparant des pays francophones du nord, le Congo (200 km) et la République démocratique du Congo (2 511 km), et près de 2 500 km des pays anglophones de l’est (Zambie, 1 110 km) et du sud (Namibie, 1 376 km), l’Angola revendique son originalité lusophone, accentuée par l’indépendance obtenue en 1975, par le soutien des pays d’Europe de l’Est et de Cuba lors de la guerre civile jusqu’à la paix de 2002, et par les liens économiques ti..