2 research outputs found
Feasibility and safety of using an automated decision support system for insulin therapy in the treatment of steroidâinduced hyperglycemia in patients with acute graftâversusâhost disease: A randomized trial
Abstract Steroidâinduced hyperglycemia (SIHG) has shown to independently increase the risk for mortality in patients with acute graftâversusâhost disease, and it is still unclear whether SIHG might be a modifiable risk factor. Therefore, a feasibility trial was carried out aiming to evaluate the performance of a standardized decision support system (GlucoTab [GT]) for insulin therapy in patients with SIHG. A total of 10 hyperglycemic acute graftâversusâhost disease patients were included and treated either with GT or standard of care during hospitalization. Followâup duration was 6Â months. Comparing the GT versus standard of care group, 364 versus 1,020 glucose readings were available during a median of 41Â days (interquartile range [IQR] 22â89) and 101Â days (IQR 55â147) of hospitalization. The median overall glucose levels were 151Â mg/dL (123â192) versus 162Â mg/dL (IQR 138â193) for GT and standard of care, respectively (PÂ <Â 0.001); hypoglycemia rates were comparably low. Treatment of SIHG with an algorithmâbased system for subcutaneous insulin was feasible and safe
Dermatologist-like explainable AI enhances trust and confidence in diagnosing melanoma
Abstract Artificial intelligence (AI) systems have been shown to help dermatologists diagnose melanoma more accurately, however they lack transparency, hindering user acceptance. Explainable AI (XAI) methods can help to increase transparency, yet often lack precise, domain-specific explanations. Moreover, the impact of XAI methods on dermatologistsâ decisions has not yet been evaluated. Building upon previous research, we introduce an XAI system that provides precise and domain-specific explanations alongside its differential diagnoses of melanomas and nevi. Through a three-phase study, we assess its impact on dermatologistsâ diagnostic accuracy, diagnostic confidence, and trust in the XAI-support. Our results show strong alignment between XAI and dermatologist explanations. We also show that dermatologistsâ confidence in their diagnoses, and their trust in the support system significantly increase with XAI compared to conventional AI. This study highlights dermatologistsâ willingness to adopt such XAI systems, promoting future use in the clinic