Mónica Díaz & Rocío Quispe-Agnoli (eds), Women’s Negotiations and Textual Agency in Latin America, 1500-1799

L’ouvrage coordonné par Monica Díaz et Rocío Quispe-Agnol, spécialistes de l’Amérique latine, fait partie de la série Women and Gender in the Early Modern Period éditée par Routledge. Ce volume a pour ambition de faire entendre les voix féminines cachées dans les archives coloniales latino-américaines. Composé de huit chapitres, l’ouvrage présente des exemples variés, des vice-royaumes ibériques du Rio de la Plata, du Pérou et de la Nouvelle Espagne au Brésil colonial. Alors que les recherch..

Antimicrobial properties of the essential oil of Schinus areira (Aguaribay) against planktonic cells and biofilms of S. aureus

The essential oil (EO) of Schinus areira L. (Anacardiaceae) leaves has shown antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus. In this study, we aimed to unravel the mechanisms of its antibacterial action by using bacterial cells and model membranes. First, the integrity of the S. aureus membrane was evaluated by fluorescence microscopy. It was observed that there was an increase in the permeability of cells that was dependent on the EO concentration as well as the incubation time. For a deep comprension of the action of the EO on the lipids, its effect on the membrane fluidity was evaluated on DMPC (1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine): DMPG (1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-1′-rac-glycerol) (5:1) liposomes by dynamic light scattering and by using Laurdan doped liposomes. The results indicate that EO produces changes in lipid membrane packing, increasing the fluidity, reducing the cooperative cohesive interaction between phospholipids and increasing access of water or the insertion of some components of the EO to the interior of the membrane. In addition, the potential effect of EO on intracellular targets, such as the increase of cytosolic reactive oxygen species (ROS) and DNA damage, were analyzed. The EO was capable of increasing the production of ROS as well as inducing a partial DNA degradation. Finally, the effect of EO on S. aureus biofilm was tested. These assays showed that EO was able to inhibit the biofilm formation, and also eradicate preformed biofilms. The results show, that the EO seems to have several bacterial targets involved in its antibacterial activity, from the bacterial membrane to DNA. Furthermore, the antibacterial action affects not only planktonic cells but also biofilms; reinforcing the potential application of this EO.Fil: Cutró, Andrea Carmen. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet Noa Sur. Centro de Investigación en Biofísica Aplicada y Alimentos. - Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero. Centro de Investigación en Biofísica Aplicada y Alimentos; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas; ArgentinaFil: Coria, Maria Sumampa. Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero. Instituto de Bionanotecnología del Noa. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Instituto de Bionanotecnología del Noa; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero. Facultad de Agronomía y Agroindustrias; ArgentinaFil: Bordón, Anahí. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet Noa Sur. Centro de Investigación en Biofísica Aplicada y Alimentos. - Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero. Centro de Investigación en Biofísica Aplicada y Alimentos; ArgentinaFil: Rodríguez, Sergio Antonio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero. Facultad de Agronomía y Agroindustrias; ArgentinaFil: Hollmann, Axel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet Noa Sur. Centro de Investigación en Biofísica Aplicada y Alimentos. - Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero. Centro de Investigación en Biofísica Aplicada y Alimentos; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Quilmes. Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología. Laboratorio de Microbiología Molecular; Argentin

Antimicrobial Nanoformulations Based on Schinus areira Essential Oil

The goal of this research was to create an antibacterial formulation from Scinus areiraessential oil (EO) that could spread in water. To achieve this, we developed liposomal formulationsof DMPC (1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine) or DPPC (1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine) that encapsulated the EO. In addition, we utilized the EO as a reducing andstabilizing agent to synthesize silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). The nanoformulations were characterizedby determining their size and zeta potential. In the case of liposomal formulations, chemicalcomposition, and encapsulation efficiency were also determined. Furthermore, antimicrobial activitystudies against Gram-positive and Gram-negative model bacteria were carried out for both kindsof formulations. The results obtained showed the successful encapsulation of the S. areira EO inmultilamellar liposomes of phosphatidylcholine with high efficiency. DPPC liposomes have proven tobe a better encapsulation system, retaining more monoterpenes from the EO and therefore presentingantimicrobial activity against S. aureus with an minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) value of3 mg/mL of EO. On the other hand, it was also possible to obtain AgNPs by using S. areira EO,which showed antimicrobial activity against S. aureus and E. coli at low concentrations of EO, withMIC values of 6.68 g/mL and 3.4 g/mL of silver, respectively. The data obtained will contributeto enhancing the biotechnological value of natural products derived from native plant species inArgentina. This will be achieved through the generation of novel formulations with antibacterialactivity and potential bioavailability.Fil: Cutró, Andrea Carmen. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet Noa Sur. Centro de Investigación en Biofísica Aplicada y Alimentos. - Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero. Centro de Investigación en Biofísica Aplicada y Alimentos; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero. Facultad de Ciencias Medicas.; ArgentinaFil: Ferreyra Maillard, Anike Paula Virginia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet Noa Sur. Centro de Investigación en Biofísica Aplicada y Alimentos. - Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero. Centro de Investigación en Biofísica Aplicada y Alimentos; ArgentinaFil: Dalmasso, Pablo Roberto. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Tecnologica Nacional. Facultad Regional Cordoba. Departamento de Ingenieria Quimica. Centro de Investigacion y Transferencia En Ingenieria Quimica.; ArgentinaFil: Rodríguez, Sergio Antonio. Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero. Facultad de Agronomía y Agroindustrias. Instituto de Ciencias Químicas; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Hollmann, Axel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet Noa Sur. Centro de Investigación en Biofísica Aplicada y Alimentos. - Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero. Centro de Investigación en Biofísica Aplicada y Alimentos; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Quilmes. Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología. Laboratorio de Microbiología Molecular; Argentin

The DaimlerChrysler merger – a cultural mismatch?

American company Chrysler Corporation due to differences in the organizational cultures involved or due to a so-called ‘clash of culture'. What happens when two successful car producers with different know-how and a different knowledge background, different work processes, different product portfolios and last but not least, completely different corporate cultures decide to merge? Daimler-Benz and Chrysler wanted to strengthen their position during economically difficult times for the car industry by juggling the crisis together and they hoped to be able to combine their strengths. Therefore the two companies decided to fuse in 1998. But not even ten years later Daimler-Benz once again sold all its shares of the Chrysler division. The dream to become the third biggest car producer of the world, behind General Motors and Ford, burst. The expected and wished for synergy effects stayed out. Instead of gaining competitive advantage over their competitors, the merger rushed the two car producers ever deeper into the crisis and did not provide the companies with the necessary tools to overcome the recession. The presented paper deals with the failed merger of the German company Daimler-Benz with the U.S. American company Chrysler Corporation due to differences in the organizational cultures involved or due to a so-called ‘clash of culture'.American company Chrysler Corporation due to differences in the organizational cultures involved or due to a so-called ‘clash of culture’. What happens when two successful car producers with different know-how and a different knowledge background, different work processes, different product portfolios and last but not least, completely different corporate cultures decide to merge? Daimler-Benz and Chrysler wanted to strengthen their position during economically difficult times for the car industry by juggling the crisis together and they hoped to be able to combine their strengths. Therefore the two companies decided to fuse in 1998. But not even ten years later Daimler-Benz once again sold all its shares of the Chrysler division. The dream to become the third biggest car producer of the world, behind General Motors and Ford, burst. The expected and wished for synergy effects stayed out. Instead of gaining competitive advantage over their competitors, the merger rushed the two car producers ever deeper into the crisis and did not provide the companies with the necessary tools to overcome the recession. The presented paper deals with the failed merger of the German company Daimler-Benz with the U.S. American company Chrysler Corporation due to differences in the organizational cultures involved or due to a so-called ‘clash of culture’

Sex difference and intra-operative tidal volume: Insights from the LAS VEGAS study

BACKGROUND: One key element of lung-protective ventilation is the use of a low tidal volume (VT). A sex difference in use of low tidal volume ventilation (LTVV) has been described in critically ill ICU patients.OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to determine whether a sex difference in use of LTVV also exists in operating room patients, and if present what factors drive this difference.DESIGN, PATIENTS AND SETTING: This is a posthoc analysis of LAS VEGAS, a 1-week worldwide observational study in adults requiring intra-operative ventilation during general anaesthesia for surgery in 146 hospitals in 29 countries.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Women and men were compared with respect to use of LTVV, defined as VT of 8 ml kg-1 or less predicted bodyweight (PBW). A VT was deemed 'default' if the set VT was a round number. A mediation analysis assessed which factors may explain the sex difference in use of LTVV during intra-operative ventilation.RESULTS: This analysis includes 9864 patients, of whom 5425 (55%) were women. A default VT was often set, both in women and men; mode VT was 500 ml. Median [IQR] VT was higher in women than in men (8.6 [7.7 to 9.6] vs. 7.6 [6.8 to 8.4] ml kg-1 PBW, P < 0.001). Compared with men, women were twice as likely not to receive LTVV [68.8 vs. 36.0%; relative risk ratio 2.1 (95% CI 1.9 to 2.1), P < 0.001]. In the mediation analysis, patients' height and actual body weight (ABW) explained 81 and 18% of the sex difference in use of LTVV, respectively; it was not explained by the use of a default VT.CONCLUSION: In this worldwide cohort of patients receiving intra-operative ventilation during general anaesthesia for surgery, women received a higher VT than men during intra-operative ventilation. The risk for a female not to receive LTVV during surgery was double that of males. Height and ABW were the two mediators of the sex difference in use of LTVV.TRIAL REGISTRATION: The study was registered at Clinicaltrials.gov, NCT01601223

Insecticidal activity of the essential oil of Schinus areira against Rhipibruchus picturatus (F.) (Coleoptera: Bruchinae), and its inhibitory effects on acetylcholinesterase

During the storage of Prosopis alba pods, substantial quantitative and qualitative losses were observed. One of the main factors is the seed beetle Rhipibruchus picturatus. A key strategy to develop new pest control management is the use of essential oils (EOs) due they are efficient, less toxic, and less persistent in the environment compared to synthetic pesticides. In this context, seeds and leaves of Schinus areira L. (Anacardiaceae) EOs and Citrus spp. EO were studied in the present work. In the leaves of S. areira EO, 1-epi-cadinol, sesquiterpenoid alcohol, was the major compound. On the other hand, the main compounds of the EO extracted from S. areira seeds are the monoterpenes sabinene, and α-pinene. Finally, in the Citrus EO, limonene is the principal component. The three EOs obtained exhibited insecticidal activity against R. picturatus, being the first report of the use of EOs against this insect pest. The best insecticidal results were obtained with the leaves of S. areira EO. Moreover, this EO inhibits the acetylcholinesterase enzyme in vitro assays. Molecular docking studies on acetylcholinesterase (AChE) suggest that the main components of the leaves of S, areira EOs, bind to the active site of the enzyme, in good agreement with in vitro competitive inhibition against AChE observed for this EO. The data obtained demonstrate the potential use of Schinus areira EOs in the development of new storage pest control strategies.Fil: Tapia Mattar, Valeria. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero. Facultad de Agronomía y Agroindustrias; ArgentinaFil: Borioni, José Luis. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Investigaciones en Físico-química de Córdoba. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas. Instituto de Investigaciones en Físico-química de Córdoba; ArgentinaFil: Hollmann, Axel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet Noa Sur. Centro de Investigación en Biofísica Aplicada y Alimentos. - Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero. Centro de Investigación en Biofísica Aplicada y Alimentos; ArgentinaFil: Rodríguez, Sergio Antonio. Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero. Facultad de Agronomía y Agroindustrias; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin

Interaction of semiochemicals with model lipid membranes: A biophysical approach

Unravelling the chemical language of insects has been the subject of intense research in the field of chemical ecology for the past five decades. Insect communication is mainly based on chemosensation due to the small body size of insects, which limits their ability to produce or perceive auditory and visual signals, especially over large distances. Chemicals involved in insect communication are called semiochemicals. These volatiles and semivolatiles compounds allow to Insects to find a mate, besides the oviposition site in reproduction and food sources. Actually, insect olfaction mechanism is subject to study, but systematic analyses of the role of neural membranes are scarce. In the present work we evaluated the interactions of α-pinene, benzaldehyde, eugenol, and grandlure, among others, with a lipid membrane model using surface pressure experiments and Monte Carlo computational analysis. This allowed us to propose a plausible membranotropic mechanism of interaction between semiochemicals and insect neural membrane.Fil: Rodríguez, Sergio Antonio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro de Investigaciones y Transferencia de Santiago del Estero. Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero. Centro de Investigaciones y Transferencia de Santiago del Estero; ArgentinaFil: Pinto, Oscar Alejandro. Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero. Instituto de Bionanotecnología del Noa. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Instituto de Bionanotecnología del Noa; ArgentinaFil: Hollmann, Axel. Universidad Nacional de Quilmes. Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología. Laboratorio de Microbiología Molecular; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro de Investigaciones y Transferencia de Santiago del Estero. Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero. Centro de Investigaciones y Transferencia de Santiago del Estero; Argentin

The DaimlerChrysler merger – a cultural mismatch? The DaimlerChrysler merger – a cultural mismatch?

<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> Normal 0 21 false false false PT-BR X-NONE X-NONE </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 10]> <style> /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Tabela normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;} </style> <![endif]--> <p>American company Chrysler Corporation due to differences in the organizational cultures involved or due to a so-called ‘clash of culture'. What happens when two successful car producers with different know-how and a different knowledge background, different work processes, different product portfolios and last but not least, completely different corporate cultures decide to merge? Daimler-Benz and Chrysler wanted to strengthen their position during economically difficult times for the car industry by juggling the crisis together and they hoped to be able to combine their strengths. Therefore the two companies decided to fuse in 1998. But not even ten years later Daimler-Benz once again sold all its shares of the Chrysler division. The dream to become the third biggest car producer of the world, behind General Motors and Ford, burst. The expected and wished for synergy effects stayed out. Instead of gaining competitive advantage over their competitors, the merger rushed the two car producers ever deeper into the crisis and did not provide the companies with the necessary tools to overcome the recession. The presented paper deals with the failed merger of the German company Daimler-Benz with the U.S. American company Chrysler Corporation due to differences in the organizational cultures involved or due to a so-called ‘clash of culture'.</p><br><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-family: " lang="EN-GB"><span style="font-size: small;">American company Chrysler Corporation due to differences in the organizational cultures involved or due to a so-called ‘clash of culture’. What happens when two successful car producers with different know-how and a different knowledge background, different work processes, different product portfolios and last but not least, completely different corporate cultures decide to merge? Daimler-Benz and Chrysler wanted to strengthen their position during economically difficult times for the car industry by juggling the crisis together and they hoped to be able to combine their strengths. Therefore the two companies decided to fuse in 1998. But not even ten years later Daimler-Benz once again sold all its shares of the Chrysler division. The dream to become the third biggest car producer of the world, behind General Motors and Ford, burst. The expected and wished for synergy effects stayed out. Instead of gaining competitive advantage over their competitors, the merger rushed the two car producers ever deeper into the crisis and did not provide the companies with the necessary tools to overcome the recession. The presented paper deals with the failed merger of the German company Daimler-Benz with the U.S. American company Chrysler Corporation due to differences in the organizational cultures involved or due to a so-called ‘clash of culture’.</span></span></p

Toxicity and Repellency of the Volatile Oils from Aloysia polystachya Against Rhipibruchus picturatus (Coleoptera: Bruchinae)

The seed beetle Rhipibruchus picturatus (Coleoptera: Bruchinae) causes substantial losses during the storage of seedpods from Prosopis alba Griseb., Fabaceae. The use of volatile oils is a key strategy to develop new pest control management programs because they are efficient, less toxic, and less persistent in the environment than synthetic pesticides. In this sense, the volatile oils from leaves of Aloysia polystachya (Griseb.) Moldenke, Verbenaceae, were studied in the present work. Carvone and limonene were their main constituents. The volatile oil, carvone, and limonene exhibited potent insecticidal activity against R. picturatus. Additionally, the pure compounds and the volatile oils produced repellent behavior in insects and inhibited acetylcholinesterase in vitro assays. The data obtained demonstrate the potential of volatile oils from A. polystachya for the future development of new storage pest control strategies.Fil: Tapia Mattar, Valeria. Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero. Facultad de Agronomía y Agroindustrias; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Siqueira de Almeida Chaves, Douglas. Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; BrasilFil: Hollmann, Axel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet Noa Sur. Centro de Investigación en Biofísica Aplicada y Alimentos. - Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero. Centro de Investigación en Biofísica Aplicada y Alimentos; ArgentinaFil: Rodríguez, Sergio Antonio. Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero. Facultad de Agronomía y Agroindustrias; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin