90 research outputs found

    Facilitatory effect of insulin treatment on hepatocellular carcinoma development in diabetes

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    Background: To evaluate the effect of insulin treatment on the incidence and/or severity of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in a mouse model of HCC based on diabetes. Methods: We recently reported that neonatal streptozotocin (STZ) treatment causes type 1 diabetes and subsequent HCC in ddY, Institute for Animal Reproduction (DIAR) mice. Newborn male DIAR mice were divided into three groups based on STZ and insulin (INS) treatment. STZ was subcutaneously injected (60 mg/g) into the STZ-treated group (DIAR-nSTZ mice, N = 13) and the STZ/insulin-treated group (DIAR-nSTZ/INS mice, N = 20). A physiologic solution was injected into the control group (DIAR-control mice, N = 8) 1.5 days after birth. Insulin was subcutaneously injected into the DIAR-nSTZ/INS mice according to the following protocol: 2 IU/day at 4–5 weeks of age, 3 IU/day at 5–7 weeks of age, and 4 IU/day at 7–12 weeks of age. All mice were fed a normal diet and were subjected to physiological and histopathological assessments at 12 weeks of age. Results: DIAR-nSTZ mice had significantly lower body weight and higher blood glucose levels than DIAR-control mice, whereas no significant differences were observed between DIAR-nSTZ/INS mice and control mice. At 12 weeks of age, lower weight of paratesticular fat and higher levels of total cholesterol, triglyceride, and free fatty acids were observed in DIAR-nSTZ mice compared to DIAR-control mice, whereas there were no significant differences between DIAR-nSTZ/INS mice and DIAR-control mice. In the livers of DIAR-nSTZ mice, HCC was observed in 15% of cases, and dysplastic nodules were observed in 77% of cases. In the livers of DIAR-nSTZ/INS mice, HCC was observed in 39% of cases and dysplastic nodules were observed in 61% of cases (p = 0.011). Moreover, the average tumor size was significantly larger in STZ/INS-treated mice than in STZ-treated mice. Immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated that the expression of ERK1/2, downstream substrates of insulin signaling that activate cell proliferation, was significantly higher in STZ/INS-treated mice compared to STZ-treated mice. Conclusions: Insulin treatment promoted, rather than inhibited, the progression of liver carcinogenesis in DIAR-nSTZ mice. Hyperinsulinemia rather than hyperglycemia can accelerate the progression of HCC via insulin signaling

    本学柔道専攻学生の基礎体力について

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    Purposes of this study were to clarify characteristics of fundamental physical fitness in college judoists. Two morphological measures (body weight and body height) and sixteen motor performance tests (grip strength, back strength, vertical jump, trunk extension, trunk flexion, body reaction time, one leg standing with eyes closed, leg extension power in three speeds 0.4m/sec, 0.8m/sec, and 1.2m/sec, anaerobic power, high power, maximal oxygen intake with prediction by heart rate, PWC150, and others) were administered to 33 college judoists. The following results were obtained : 1) As static muscular strengths, right hand grip strength and back strength in the heavy weight class (+95kg) was higher than in the other classes. 2) Anaerobic power and high power in the heavy weight class were higher than in the other classes. 3) Positive significant correlations were shown between body weight and grip strength, back strength, and explosive strength. These findings suggests that characteristics of fundamental physical fitness were dependent upon body weight and static muscle strength

    The telemetric monitoring of heart rate during copulatory behavior in the male rat

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    We have studied the physiological and behavioral responses in male rats to copulation and exercise. For this purpose, electrocardiographys (ECGs) were recorded from conscious and unrestrained rats using radiotelemetry system, Heart rate during copulation rose sharpiy following the induction of a receptive female, showed a peak of about 520 bpm during each ejaculation series, and then rapidly decreased. To compare the rate of decrease after ejaculation with that followingvigorous exercise, we run male rats on a motor wheel until heart rate became to the same value during ejaculation. Foliewing the cessation of exercise, heart rate decreased gradually. The possible role of the autonomic nervous system in the changes of heart rate during copulation and exercise is discussed

    男女大学生柔道選手の筋力と筋厚

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    The purpose of this study was investigate the characteristics of muscular force and muscel thickness for male and female universty student judoists. Muscular force was measured by using tensio-meter for flexors and extensors of arm and thigh. Muscle thikness was measred by using B-mode ultrasound equipment with a 5HMz transducer at the following sites : biceps, triceps, quadriceps, and hamstrings. For male subjects, the muscular force of biceps was higher than that of triceps. For females, however, the force of triceps was higher than that of biceps. The force of thigh flexors was higher than that of thigh extensors for both male and female subjects. Thd muscle thickness of biceps was larger than that of triceps for both males and females. The muscle thikness of quadriceps was thicker than that of hamstrings for both male and female subjects. The significant positive relationship was obtained between the muscular force and muscle thikness at each muscle group. From these results, it may be assumed that measuring muscle force and thickness may be necessary to evaluate the charactersitics of muscle for judoists

    A Study on the Issue of the Judo Contest 柔道競技の勝敗に関する研究 : オーダー別における段・身長・体重・ローレル指数と勝敗との関係

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    昭和45年5月から昭和49年6月までにおこなわれた学生団体試合 (判定の基準は技有以上) 467試合をもとにオーダー別に, 勝敗の内容, 段, 身長, 体重, ローレル指数と勝敗との関係について検討した結果を要約すると以下のようである。1 団体戦において, 勝敗の決する割合は中堅が最も多く, 次いで副将, 大将である。2 一本勝ちの内容は, 足技, 抑込技, 手技の順で勝敗の決する割合が多いが, 先鋒においては, 手技で勝敗の決する割合が多い傾向である。3 段・身長・体重・ローレル指数の先鋒から大将までの勝者, 敗者, 引分者の平均は, 段では先鋒から大将までほぼ同等であり, 身長, 体重, ローレル指数では, 先鋒から大将に行くにしたがって大きくなる傾向である。In this study, the relationship between the victory or defeat of 467 Judo contests, held from on May in 1970 to on June in 1974, and Dan (grade) or anthropometric data (height, weight, and Rohrer\u27s index) for participants was studied. The results were summarized as follows : 1) In most team contest, it was over by the game between CHUKEN. 2) IPPON was mostly ASI-WAZA, followed by OSHIKOMI-WAZA and TE-WAZA. In most spearheads\u27 games, the game was decided by TE-WAZA. 3) The significant difference of Dan (grade) was not observed among winners, losers, and participants in draw game. The lowest height, weight and Rohrer\u27s index was shown in SENPO, and the highest was found in TAISHO

    Spontaneous Occurrence of Various Types of Hepatocellular Adenoma in the Livers of Metabolic Syndrome-Associated Steatohepatitis Model TSOD Mice

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    Male Tsumura-Suzuki Obese Diabetes (TSOD) mice, a spontaneous metabolic syndrome model, develop non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and liver tumors by feeding on a standard mouse diet. Nearly 70% of liver tumors express glutamine synthetase (GS), a marker of hepatocellular carcinoma. In contrast, approximately 30% are GS-negative without prominent nuclear or structural atypia. In this study, we examined the characteristics of the GS-negative tumors of TSOD mice. Twenty male TSOD mice were sacrificed at 40 weeks and a total of 21 tumors were analyzed by HE staining and immunostaining of GS, liver fatty acid-binding protein (L FABP), serum amyloid A (SAA), and beta-catenin. With immunostaining for GS, six (29%) tumors were negative. Based on the histological and immunohistological characteristics, six GS-negative tumors were classified into several subtypes of human hepatocellular adenoma (HCA). One large tumor showed generally similar findings to inflammatory HCA, but contained small atypical foci with GS staining and partial nuclear beta-catenin expression suggesting malignant transformation. GS-negative tumors of TSOD mice contained features similar to various subtypes of HCA. Different HCA subtypes occurring in the same liver have been reported in humans; however, the diversity of patient backgrounds limits the ability to conduct a detailed, multifaceted analysis. TSOD mice may share similar mechanisms of HCA development as in humans. It is timely to review the pathogenesis of HCA from both genetic and environmental perspectives, and it is expected that TSOD mice will make further contributions in this regard

    柔道投技の分析 : ある金メダリストのきめ技について

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    Objective of this paper is to compare techniques and reveal characteristics used in Ohsotogari done by world-clss Korean and a Japanese judoists in order to assist inexperienced judoists in better mastering this offensive technique. 1) The Ohsotogari technique of H. A., a worlud-class Korean judoist, was revealed to be a throw type Ohsotogari that consists of a [CHIKAMA] stance close to the opponent, a jump inward, and momentary seizure of a leg to forcefully make the opponent bend forward. 2) In comparison, the Ohsotogari technique of T. S., a Japanese judoist, was a set-up technique that starts with considerably more distance from the opponent, a large sliding step (nearly the length of a tatami mat) inward with the pivot leg, and an extension of the active leg. 3) It was found that both judoiste carried out a Ohsotogari techniqus employing the neck reflex. 4) Whether at the time of being thrust forward or at the time of the throw down, speed of the active foot used directy in the throw was found to be faster for H. A. Especially, speed of this foot when being brought down on the Y axis had a large difference of 2.819m/sec

    柔道投げ技における床反力と動作の分析

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    Ground reaction force and motion was investigated in the back shoulder throw (Seoi-nage). The subjects were male judo players of the third grade. Their mean age, height, and weight was 22 years-old, 177.5cm, and 76.0kg, respectively. The subjects threw an opponent over their shoulders on the force platform (KISTLER). Throwing motion was recorded with a hight-speed cine camera (PHOTO-SONICS). The position of center of gravity of body at the instant of throw was lower in the higher skilled players than lower skilled. No significant difference of mean ground reaction force in the back shoulder throw was observed between higher and lower judo players. The time of application in the back shoulder throw, however, was shorter for the higher skilled judo players than the lower skilled. These results indicate that low and repid motion may be useful for an effective back shoulder throw
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