The fundamental group of reduced suspensions

We classify pointed spaces according to the first fundamental group of their reduced suspension. A pointed space is either of so-called totally path disconnected type or of horseshoe type. These two camps are defined topologically but a characterization is given in terms of fundamental groups. Among totally path disconnected spaces the fundamental group is shown to be a complete invariant for a notion of topological equivalence weaker than that of homeomorphism

Interakcije v mikorizosferi določajo dinamiko ogljika v ekosistemu bukovih gozdov

Zaloga ogljika v gozdnih tleh je največji bazen terestičnih zalog organskega ogljika, njegova dinamika pa je vezana na talne, predvsem simbiontske organizme. Med najpomembnejše simbionte v gozdnih tleh, tako po vrstni kot funkcionalni pestrosti, sodijo ektomikorizne glive. V gozdnih ekosistemih v Sloveniji, v katerih prevladuje bukev, smo na osnovi morfoloških in molekularnih znakov identificirali večje število mikoriznih gliv in nekatere nove na kratko opisali. Na osnovi številčnosti posameznega tipa ektomikorize smo prvič izračunali prispevek tipa (vrste glive) ektomikorize k neposrednemu skladiščenju ogljika v ektomikorizi in v tleh v zgornjih plasteh tal (do globine 20 cm). Podatke o ogljiku, shranjenem v ektomikorizi, smo primerjali z modeliranimi količinami celotnega ogljika v gozdnih tleh, shematsko prikazali povezave in tokove ogljika ter pomen ektomikorize za dinamiko ogljika v gozdnih ekosistemih z bukvijo.Forest soils are the major stocks of organic carbon in terrestrial ecosystems.The dynamics of carbon in soil is closely related to soil (micro)organisms, predominantly symbiotic organisms. Key symbionts in forest soils regarding their taxonomic and functional diversity are ectomycorrhizal fungi. In the present study, we have analysed ectomycorrhizal community in beech dominated forest stands using morphological and molecular identification of ectomycorrhizae. Several new types were discovered and briefly described in soil samples taken in beech forest stands, down to 20 cm deep. Based on ectomycorrhizal type abundance, we have calculated the (static)content of total carbon in each of the type. Quantities of carbon stored in ectomycorrhizae were compared with modelled quantities of total carbon in forest soils. We summarise the role and importance of ectomycorrhizae for carbon dynamics in beech dominated forest ecosystems