2,203 research outputs found
One-parameter Superscaling at the Metal-Insulator Transition in Three Dimensions
Based on the spectral statistics obtained in numerical simulations on three
dimensional disordered systems within the tight--binding approximation, a new
superuniversal scaling relation is presented that allows us to collapse data
for the orthogonal, unitary and symplectic symmetry () onto a
single scaling curve. This relation provides a strong evidence for
one-parameter scaling existing in these systems which exhibit a second order
phase transition. As a result a possible one-parameter family of spacing
distribution functions, , is given for each symmetry class ,
where is the dimensionless conductance.Comment: 4 pages in PS including 3 figure
Photonic currents in driven and dissipative resonator lattices
Arrays of coupled photonic cavities driven by external lasers represent a
highly controllable setup to explore photonic transport. In this paper we
address (quasi)-steady states of this system that exhibit photonic currents
introduced by engineering driving and dissipation. We investigate two
approaches: in the first one, photonic currents arise as a consequence of a
phase difference of applied lasers and in the second one, photons are injected
locally and currents develop as they redistribute over the lattice. Effects of
interactions are taken into account within a mean-field framework. In the first
approach, we find that the current exhibits a resonant behavior with respect to
the driving frequency. Weak interactions shift the resonant frequency toward
higher values, while in the strongly interacting regime in our mean-field
treatment the effect stems from multiphotonic resonances of a single driven
cavity. For the second approach, we show that the overall lattice current can
be controlled by incorporating few cavities with stronger dissipation rates
into the system. These cavities serve as sinks for photonic currents and their
effect is maximal at the onset of quantum Zeno dynamics.Comment: 12 pages, 11 figure
Shape Analysis of the Level Spacing Distribution around the Metal Insulator Transition in the Three Dimensional Anderson Model
We present a new method for the numerical treatment of second order phase
transitions using the level spacing distribution function . We show that
the quantities introduced originally for the shape analysis of eigenvectors can
be properly applied for the description of the eigenvalues as well. The
position of the metal--insulator transition (MIT) of the three dimensional
Anderson model and the critical exponent are evaluated. The shape analysis of
obtained numerically shows that near the MIT is clearly different
from both the Brody distribution and from Izrailev's formula, and the best
description is of the form , with
. This is in good agreement with recent analytical results.Comment: 14 pages in plain TeX, 6 figures upon reques
Polaronic slowing of fermionic impurities in lattice Bose-Fermi mixtures
We generalize the application of small polaron theory to ultracold gases of
Ref. [\onlinecite{jaksch_njp1}] to the case of Bose-Fermi mixtures, where both
components are loaded into an optical lattice. In a suitable range of
parameters, the mixture can be described within a Bogoliubov approach in the
presence of fermionic (dynamic) impurities and an effective description in
terms of polarons applies. In the dilute limit of the slow impurity regime, the
hopping of fermionic particles is exponentially renormalized due to polaron
formation, regardless of the sign of the Bose-Fermi interaction. This should
lead to clear experimental signatures of polaronic effects, once the regime of
interest is reached. The validity of our approach is analyzed in the light of
currently available experiments. We provide results for the hopping
renormalization factor for different values of temperature, density and
Bose-Fermi interaction for three-dimensional
mixtures in optical lattice.Comment: 13 pages, 5 figure
Trionic phase of ultracold fermions in an optical lattice: A variational study
To investigate ultracold fermionic atoms of three internal states (colors) in
an optical lattice, subject to strong attractive interaction, we study the
attractive three-color Hubbard model in infinite dimensions by using a
variational approach. We find a quantum phase transition between a
weak-coupling superconducting phase and a strong-coupling trionic phase where
groups of three atoms are bound to a composite fermion. We show how the
Gutzwiller variational theory can be reformulated in terms of an effective
field theory with three-body interactions and how this effective field theory
can be solved exactly in infinite dimensions by using the methods of dynamical
mean field theory.Comment: 14 PRB pages, 8 figure
Enhanced Conductance Through Side-Coupled Double Quantum Dots
Conductance, on-site and inter-site charge fluctuations and spin correlations
in the system of two side-coupled quantum dots are calculated using the
Wilson's numerical renormalization group (NRG) technique. We also show spectral
density calculated using the density-matrix NRG, which for some parameter
ranges remedies inconsistencies of the conventional approach. By changing the
gate voltage and the inter-dot tunneling rate, the system can be tuned to a
non-conducting spin-singlet state, the usual Kondo regime with odd number of
electrons occupying the dots, the two-stage Kondo regime with two electrons, or
a valence-fluctuating state associated with a Fano resonance. Analytical
expressions for the width of the Kondo regime and the Kondo temperature are
given. We also study the effect of unequal gate voltages and the stability of
the two-stage Kondo effect with respect to such perturbations.Comment: 11 pages, 12 figure
Finite bias Cooper pair splitting
In a device with a superconductor coupled to two parallel quantum dots (QDs)
the electrical tunability of the QD levels can be used to exploit non-classical
current correlations due to the splitting of Cooper pairs. We experimentally
investigate the effect of a finite potential difference across one quantum dot
on the conductance through the other completely grounded QD in a Cooper pair
splitter fabricated on an InAs nanowire. We demonstrate that the electrical
transport through the device can be tuned by electrical means to be dominated
either by Cooper pair splitting (CPS), or by elastic co-tunneling (EC). The
basic experimental findings can be understood by considering the energy
dependent density of states in a QD. The reported experiments add
bias-dependent spectroscopy to the investigative tools necessary to develop
CPS-based sources of entangled electrons in solid-state devices.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure
Cell surface engineering of renal cell carcinoma with glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored TIMP-1 blocks TGF-beta 1 activation and reduces regulatory ID gene expression
Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP-1) controls matrix metalloproteinase activity through 1:1 stoichiometric binding. Human TIMP-1 fused to a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor (TIMP-1-GPI) shifts the activity of TIMP-1 from the extracellular matrix to the cell surface. TIMP-1-GPI treated renal cell carcinoma cells show increased apoptosis and reduced proliferation. Transcriptomic profiling and regulatory pathway mapping were used to identify the potential mechanisms driving these effects. Significant changes in the DNA binding inhibitors, TGF-beta 1/SMAD and BMP pathways resulted from TIMP-1-GPI treatment. These events were linked to reduced TGF-beta 1 signaling mediated by inhibition of proteolytic processing of latent TGF-beta 1 by TIMP-1-GPI
Wet etch methods for InAs nanowire patterning and self-aligned electrical contacts
Advanced synthesis of semiconductor nanowires (NWs) enables their application
in diverse fields, notably in chemical and electrical sensing, photovoltaics,
or quantum electronic devices. In particular, Indium Arsenide (InAs) NWs are an
ideal platform for quantum devices, e.g. they may host topological Majorana
states. While the synthesis has been continously perfected, only few techniques
were developed to tailor individual NWs after growth. Here we present three wet
chemical etch methods for the post-growth morphological engineering of InAs NWs
on the sub-100 nm scale. The first two methods allow the formation of
self-aligned electrical contacts to etched NWs, while the third method results
in conical shaped NW profiles ideal for creating smooth electrical potential
gradients and shallow barriers. Low temperature experiments show that NWs with
etched segments have stable transport characteristics and can serve as building
blocks of quantum electronic devices. As an example we report the formation of
a single electrically stable quantum dot between two etched NW segments.Comment: 9 pages, 5 figure
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