2,841 research outputs found
BPS States on M5-brane in Large C-field Background
We extensively study BPS solutions of the low energy effective theory of
M5-brane in large C-field background. This provides us an opportunity to
explore the interactions turned on by C-field background through the
Nambu-Poisson structure. The BPS states considered in this paper include the
M-waves, the self-dual string (M2 ending on M5), tilted M5-brane, holomorphic
embedding of M5-brane and the intersection of two M5-branes along a 3-brane.Comment: 25 pages, reference adde
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Synchrotron X-Ray Microdiffraction Investigation of Scaling Effects on Reliability for Through-Silicon Vias for 3-D Integration
Synchrotron x-ray microdiffraction has been applied to TSV characterization in various studies for nondestructive inspection with submicron resolution due to its high beam intensity and penetration depth. In this paper, the application of this technique to TSV investigations is examined and the correlation of the plastic deformation to the microstructure and extrusion behavior along with the effect of TSV dimensional scaling is examined. It is shown that the variability of the copper microstructure and resulting TSV behavior requires a larger number of samples in order to report statistically significant observations. The role of the microstructure in creating statistical scatter is demonstrated through microdiffraction measurements of grain orientation correlated with the observed peak widening, which shows that degraded TSV reliability is largely due to the high elastic anisotropy of copper. After taking the statistical variations into account, the scaling effect was clearly observed, with larger plastic deformation in 2μm diameter TSVs than in 5μm diameter TSVs consistent with microstructure variations. This is confirmed by TSV extrusion measurements, which show that the magnitude and statistical spread of the via extrusion for the 2μm diameter TSVs is higher than that of the 5μm diameter TSVs. These results, validated by thermomechanical simulation, demonstrate first that large sample sizes are required in copper TSV investigations due to high variability, which is not improved with scaling
Super-Yang-Mills and M5-branes
We uplift 5-dimensional super-Yang-Mills theory to a 6-dimensional gauge
theory with the help of a space-like constant vector , whose norm
determines the Yang-Mills coupling constant. After the localization of
the 6D gauge theory acquires Lorentzian invariance as well as scale invariance.
We discuss KK states, instantons and the flux quantization. The 6D theory
admits extended solutions like 1/2 BPS `strings' and monopoles.Comment: 15 pages; minor changes, to appear in JHE
A No-Go Theorem for M5-brane Theory
The BLG model for multiple M2-branes motivates an M5-brane theory with a
novel gauge symmetry defined by the Nambu-Poisson structure. This Nambu-Poisson
gauge symmetry for an M5-brane in large C-field background can be matched, on
double dimension reduction, with the Poisson limit of the noncommutative gauge
symmetry for a D4-brane in B-field background. Naively, one expects that there
should exist a certain deformation of the Nambu-Poisson structure to match with
the full noncommutative gauge symmetry including higher order terms. However,
We prove the no-go theorem that there is no way to deform the Nambu-Poisson
gauge symmetry, even without assuming the existence of a deformation of
Nambu-Poisson bracket, to match with the noncommutative gauge symmetry in 4+1
dimensions to all order, regardless of how the double dimension reduction is
implemented.Comment: v4: minor modifications
Longitudinal predictors of Chinese word reading and spelling among elementary grade students.
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More on the Nambu-Poisson M5-brane Theory: Scaling limit, background independence and an all order solution to the Seiberg-Witten map
We continue our investigation on the Nambu-Poisson description of M5-brane in
a large constant C-field background (NP M5-brane theory) constructed in
Refs.[1, 2]. In this paper, the low energy limit where the NP M5-brane theory
is applicable is clarified. The background independence of the NP M5-brane
theory is made manifest using the variables in the BLG model of multiple
M2-branes. An all order solution to the Seiberg-Witten map is also constructed.Comment: expanded explanations, minor corrections and typos correcte
Nonabelian (2,0) Tensor Multiplets and 3-algebras
Using 3-algebras we obtain a nonabelian system of equations that furnish a
representation of the (2,0)-supersymmetric tensor multiplet. The on-shell
conditions are quite restrictive so that the system can be reduced to
five-dimensional gauge theory along with six-dimensional abelian (2,0) tensor
multiplets. We briefly discuss possible applications to D4-branes using a
spacelike reduction and M5-branes using a null reduction.Comment: 17 pages, Latex; v2: Typos corrected and references adde
A Non-Abelian Self-Dual Gauge Theory in 5+1 Dimensions
We construct a non-Abelian gauge theory of chiral 2-forms (self-dual gauge
fields) in 6 dimensions with a spatial direction compactified on a circle of
radius R. It has the following two properties. (1) It reduces to the Yang-Mills
theory in 5 dimensions for small R. (2) It is equivalent to the
Lorentz-invariant theory of Abelian chiral 2-forms when the gauge group is
Abelian. Previous no-go theorems prohibiting non-Abelian deformations of the
chiral 2-form gauge theory are circumvented by introducing nonlocality along
the compactified dimension.Comment: 23 pages, reference adde
Dp-branes, NS5-branes and U-duality from nonabelian (2,0) theory with Lie 3-algebra
We derive the super Yang-Mills action of Dp-branes on a torus T^{p-4} from
the nonabelian (2,0) theory with Lie 3-algebra. Our realization is based on Lie
3-algebra with pairs of Lorentzian metric generators. The resultant theory then
has negative norm modes, but it results in a unitary theory by setting VEV's of
these modes. This procedure corresponds to the torus compactification,
therefore by taking a transformation which is equivalent to T-duality, the
Dp-brane action is obtained. We also study type IIA/IIB NS5-brane and
Kaluza-Klein monopole systems by taking other VEV assignments. Such various
compactifications can be realized in the nonabelian (2,0) theory, since both
longitudinal and transverse directions can be compactified, which is different
from the BLG theory. We finally discuss U-duality among these branes, and show
that most of the moduli parameters in U-duality group are recovered. Especially
in D5-brane case, the whole U-duality relation is properly reproduced.Comment: 1+26 page
Reading and spelling Chinese among beginning readers: What skills make a difference?
The contributions of six important reading-related skills (phonological awareness, rapid naming, orthographic skills, morphological awareness, listening comprehension, and syntactic skills) to Chinese word and text reading were examined among 290 Chinese first graders in Hong Kong. Rapid naming, but not phonological awareness, was a significant predictor of Chinese word reading and writing to dictation (i.e., spelling) in the context of orthographic skills and morphological awareness. Commonality analyses suggested that orthographic skills and morphological awareness each contributed significant amount of unique variance to Chinese word reading and spelling. Syntactic skills accounted for significant amount of unique variance in reading comprehension at both sentence and passage levels after controlling for the effects of word reading and the other skills, but listening comprehension did not. A model on the interrelationships among the reading-related skills and Chinese reading at both word and text levels was proposed. © 2011 Society for the Scientific Study of Reading.postprin
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