Apollo 15 rake sample microbreccias and non-mare rocks: Bulk rock, mineral and glass electron microprobe analyses

Quantitative electron microprobe data of Apollo 15 nonmare rake samples are presented. Bulk analyses of lithic fragments in the nomare rocks (expressed in oxide weight-percent) and the corresponding CIPW molecular norms are given. The mineralogy of the rocks and lithic fragments are also given; structural formulae for complete analyses and molecular end-members for all mineral analyses are included. The mineral analyses include pyroxene, olivine, plagioclase, barian K-feldspar, spinel and ilmenite, cobaltian metallic nickel-iron as well as SiO2-K2O-rich residual glass. Electron micropobe analyses (oxide weight percent) of glasses in loose fines and microbreccia samples and their CIPW molecular norms are presented along with electron microprobe data on bulk, mineral, and matrix glass from chondrules

Renewable Energy Atlas of the United States

The Renewable Energy Atlas (Atlas) of the United States is a compilation of geospatial data focused on renewable energy resources, federal land ownership, and base map reference information. It is designed for the U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service (USFS) and other federal land management agencies to evaluate existing and proposed renewable energy projects. Much of the content of the Atlas was compiled at Argonne National Laboratory (Argonne) to support recent and current energy-related Environmental Impact Statements and studies, including the following projects: (1) West-wide Energy Corridor Programmatic Environmental Impact Statement (PEIS) (BLM 2008); (2) Draft PEIS for Solar Energy Development in Six Southwestern States (DOE/BLM 2010); (3) Supplement to the Draft PEIS for Solar Energy Development in Six Southwestern States (DOE/BLM 2011); (4) Upper Great Plains Wind Energy PEIS (WAPA/USFWS 2012, in progress); and (5) Energy Transport Corridors: The Potential Role of Federal Lands in States Identified by the Energy Policy Act of 2005, Section 368(b) (in progress). This report explains how to add the Atlas to your computer and install the associated software; describes each of the components of the Atlas; lists the Geographic Information System (GIS) database content and sources; and provides a brief introduction to the major renewable energy technologies

Laboratory investigation of tomography-controlled continuous steel casting

More than 96% of steel in the world is produced via the method of continuous casting. The flow condition in the mould, where the initial solidification occurs, has a significant impact on the quality of steel products. It is important to have timely, and perhaps automated, control of the flow during casting. This work presents a new concept of using contactless inductive flow tomography (CIFT) as a sensor for a novel controller, which alters the strength of an electromagnetic brake (EMBr) of ruler type based on the reconstructed flow structure in the mould. The method was developed for the small-scale Liquid Metal Model for Continuous Casting (mini-LIMMCAST) facility available at the Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf. As an example of an undesired flow condition, clogging of the submerged entry nozzle (SEN) was modelled by partly closing one of the side ports of the SEN; in combination with an active EMBr, the jet penetrates deeper into the mould than when the EMBr is switched off. Corresponding flow patterns are detected by extracting the impingement position of the jets at the narrow faces of the mould from the CIFT reconstruction. The controller is designed to detect to undesired flow condition and switch off the EMBr. The temporal resolution of CIFT is 0.5 s

Electron Microprobe Analyses of Lithic Fragments and Their Minerals from Luna 20 Fines

The bulk analyses (determined with the broad beam electron microprobe technique) of lithic fragments are given in weight percentages and are arranged according to the rock classification. Within each rock group the analyses are arranged in order of increasing FeO content. Thin section and lithic fragment numbers are given at the top of each column of analysis and correspond to the numbers recorded on photo mosaics on file in the Institute of Meteoritics. CIPW molecular norms are given for each analysis. Electron microprobe mineral analyses (given in oxide weight percentages), structural formulae and molecular end member values are presented for plagioclase, olivine, pyroxene and K-feldspar. The minerals are selected mostly from lithic fragments that were also analyzed for bulk composition. Within each mineral group the analyses are presented according to the section number and lithic fragment number. Within each lithic fragment the mineral analyses are arranged as follows: Plagioclase in order of increasing CaO; olivine and pyroexene in order of increasing FeO; and K-feldspar in order of increasing K2O. The mineral grains are identified at the top of each column of analysis by grain number and lithic fragment number

Pediatric Gastrointestinal Endoscopy: European Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition (ESPGHAN) and European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) Guidelines

ABSTRACT: This Guideline refers to infants, children and adolescents aged 0–18 years. The areas covered include: indications for diagnostic and therapeutic esophagogastroduodenoscopy and ileo-colonoscopy; endoscopy for foreign body ingestion; corrosive ingestion and stricture/stenosis endoscopic management; upper and lower gastrointestinal bleeding; endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreatography and endoscopic ultrasonography. Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy and endoscopy specific to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has been dealt with in other Guidelines [1–3] and are therefore not mentioned in this Guideline. Training and ongoing skill maintenance are to be dealt with in an imminent sister publication to this

Insights into Toxin Binding to Tubulin as a Potential Trigger in Parkinson's Disease Using Molecular Modeling

Despite years of research, little is known about the specific cause of Parkinson's disease (PD), though genetic and environmental factors have been implicated. Evidence suggests that microtubule disruption may be involved; however this mechanism is not yet fully elucidated, and factors implicated in PD have not been conclusively related to microtubule function. This is the framework of this thesis. We have expanded on a suggested PD cascade involving microtubule disruption triggering oxidization of dopamine, production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), aggregation of alpha-synuclein, and death of neuronal cells. We have provided computational and relational evidence demonstrating how factors implicated in PD may relate to microtubule disruption and reactive oxygen species (ROS). We selected 6 potentially PD-related compounds: rotenone, MPTP/MPP+, toluene, saccharin, and aspartame, and compared them to 4 tubulin inhibitors: colchicine, vinblastine, soblidotin, and taxol; identifying ∼62% chemical similarity between rotenone and colchicine and ∼78% similarity between aspartame and soblidotin. We performed molecular docking calculations for the potentially PD-related compounds at the binding sites of the tubulin inhibitors on tubulin dimers and found that all potentially PD-related molecules demonstrated lowest (strongest) binding affinities on the colchicine site of tubulin. Rotenone and aspartame demonstrated significant binding affinities of 10.7 and -8.7 kcal/mole, comparable to affinities of compounds on their known receptors (-15.0 to -9.2 kcal/mole). As compounds would need to enter the bloodstream and cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) to enact damage that could trigger PD, we illustrated that all potentially PD-related compounds evaluated meet criteria for potential to cross the BBB, and that all but one (aspartame) have been proven to enter the bloodstream. We hypothesized that aspartame, believed to not enter the bloodstream after digestion, may potentially be absorbed sublingually. We compared aspartame to known sublingual drugs and noted comparable logP and molecular weight values. Lastly, we demonstrated via molecular docking probable methods of aggregation of alpha synuclein (α-syn) fibrils and probable mechanisms of two α-syn aggregation inhibitors, curcumin and geldanamycin. We have thus provided a collective body of evidence to help substantiate the hypothesis that PD may be triggered by tubulin inhibition leading to excessive ROS production, triggering a PD cascade

Neural Network Evaluation of Model-Based Residuals in Fault Detection of Time Delay Systems

Model-based fault detection becomes rather questionable if a supervised plant belongs to the class of systems with distributed parameters and significant delays. Two methods of fault detection have been developed for this class of plants, namely a method of functional (anisochronic) state observer and a modified internal model control scheme adopted for that purpose. Both these model schemes are employed to generate residuals, i.e. differences suitable to watch whether a malfunction of the control operation has occurred. Continuous evaluation of residuals is provided by means of a dynamic application of artificial neural networks (ANNs). This evaluation is carried out on the basis of prediction of time series evolution, where the accordance obtained between the prediction and measured outputs is used as a classification criterion. Implementation of both the methods is demonstrated on a laboratory-scale heat transfer set-up, making use of the Real-Time Matlab software