8 research outputs found

    O Pastoreio Racional Voisin na transição orgânica da bovinocultura no Cerrado

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    TCC (graduação) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Curso de Agronomia.O presente trabalho foi a colaboração técnica da acadêmica ao Plano de Manejo Orgânico da Fazenda Nova Aurora através de um projeto de manejo de pastagens. A fazenda de 269 hectares está localizada em Luziânia, Goiás. O período de realização do estágio na propriedade foi de 9 semanas, compreendidas entre 25 de julho e 10 de outubro de 2012. A finalidade foi iniciar o processo da transição do sistema convencional da pecuária bovina de corte para um sistema orgânico propondo medidas de ordem técnica e administrativa através da implantação do manejo agroecológico de pastagens conhecido como Pastoreio Racional Voisin (PRV). Por isso, elaborou-se um plano forrageiro, um projeto de divisão de áreas e um projeto de rede hidráulica. Os métodos utilizados foram obtidos dos estudos feitos no Núcleo de Pastoreio Racional Voisin da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina e das bases científicas elaboradas por André Voisin e Luiz Carlos Pinheiro Machado. Determinadas as áreas de Reserva Legal e Área de Preservação Permanente da propriedade, foi calculada a divisão em 147 parcelas de um hectare, com corredores e bebedouros. O plano previu ainda o melhoramento das pastagens com o consórcio das gramíneas Brachiaria brizantha e Andropogon gayanus cv. Planaltina com as leguminosas Stylosanthes guianensis cv. Mineirão, Stylosanthes spp. cv. Campo Grande e Arachis pintoi cv. Belmonte. Foram disponibilizadas fichas de ordem administrativa e recomendações técnicas com os princípios fundamentais para o sucesso do PRV. O custo dos materiais para a implantação do projeto foi estimado em R$ 217.463,55. O PRV poderá auxiliar na transição agroecológica da produção animal da maneira menos impactante ao meio ambiente e com o custo mais reduzido possível, pois mantém e devolve a fertilidade natural ao solo. O fator limitante para a sua utilização é a capacidade de quebra dos paradigmas culturais de gestão e manejo, principalmente, dos recursos humanos administrativos da fazenda

    Avaliação do ciclo de vida e estoque de carbono da produção de leite em Pastoreio Racional Voisin

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    Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agroecossistemas, Florianópolis, 2015.Neste trabalho avaliou-se o desempenho ambiental do sistema de manejo Pastoreio Racional Voisin (PRV). Para tanto, estimou-se o estoque de carbono neste sistema e comparou-se ao sistema de plantio direto (SPD) de milho em sucessão com consórcio de azevém e aveia. Durante a produção de leite, ocorre a emissão de poluentes ao ambiente. Assim, quantificou-se o potencial de impactos do PRV por meio do método da Avaliação do Ciclo de Vida (ACV). A unidade funcional foi a produção de 1 kg de leite corrigido pela energia em sistema PRV, do berço ao portão da propriedade. O estoque de carbono no solo em PRV (115,9 Mg C ha-1) foi maior que em SPD (92,5 Mg C ha-1) (p=0,004) até os 40 cm de profundidade. Contabilizando-se a parte aérea e biomassa de raízes (0 a 40 cm), o estoque em PRV foi de 121,7 Mg C ha-1, onde, deste total, 94,5% era matéria orgânica do solo. Os resultados da ACV apontam o potencial de impactos em PRV de 1,2 kg CO2, 3,03 g SO2, 7,71 x 10-2 g P eq, 6,72 x 10-1 g N eq, 1,64 x 10-1 m2.ano e 1,47 MJ, para mudança climática, acidificação, eutrofização de águas doces, eutrofização marinha, ocupação da terra e demanda de energia, respectivamente, por kg de leite produzido. Na análise de entrada de insumos, observou-se que o uso de ração não representa uma estratégia de redução dos impactos, de acordo com a metodologia adotada. O uso de fertilizantes apresentou um conflito entre o potencial de mudança climática e as outras categorias, razão pela qual a mudança climática não deve ser considerada sozinha em avaliações de impacto ambiental. O PRV apresentou menor potencial de impacto para acidificação, eutrofização e uso da terra, que todos os outros sistemas de produção de leite encontrados na literatura dos últimos seis anos. O pontos críticos da produção de leite em PRV são os grãos da ração e os fertilizantes utilizados na produção de grãos, silagem e pastagem. A pastagem sob PRV e a lavoura de silagem não apresentaram-se como pontos críticos na ACV. No entanto, observa-se que a produção de alimentos para os animais em PRV pode contribuir com maior estocagem de C no solo que a produção de alimento em SPD. Esses resultados indicam o potencial do PRV em contribuir para reduzir a emissão de gases de efeito estufa pela provisão de estocagem de carbono no solo.Abstract : This study aimed to evaluate the environmental performance of the management system Voisin Rational Grazing (VGR). For that purpose, the carbon stock in this system was estimated and compared to other land use on the same farm, in this case, the maize cropland in succession with ryegrass and oats consortium in no-tillage system (NT). Pollutants are emitted to the environment while producing milk. Therefore, the potential of impacts of VRG system was quantified using the method of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). The functional unit was producing 1 kg energy corrected milk (ECM) in VRG system, from cradle to the gate of the farm. Soil carbon stock in VRG (115.9 Mg C ha-1) was higher than in NT (92.5 Mg C ha-1) (p = 0.004) up to 40 cm deep. Counting up the shoot and root biomass (0-40 cm), the VRG stock was 121.7 Mg C ha-1, out of which, 94.5% was organic matter in the soil. LCA results showed the potential of impact in VRG system of 1.2 kg CO2, 3.03 g SO2, 7.71 x 10-2 g P eq, 6.72 x 10-1 g N eq, 1.64 x 10-1 m2.year and 1.47 MJ, for climate change, acidification, fresh water eutrophication, marine eutrophication, land occupation and energy demand, respectively, per kg of produced milk. In the input entry analysis, it was observed that the use of grains for concentrate does not represent a strategy to reduce the impacts, in accordance with the adopted methodology. The use of fertilizers showed a conflict between climate change potential and the other categories, reason why climate change should not be considered by itself in environmental impact assessments. VRG showed lower potential of impact to acidification, eutrophication and land use than any other production system found in literature in the last six years. The critical points of milk production in VRG are the feed grains from concentrate and fertilizers used in the production of grain, silage and pasture. Grassland under VRG management and silage NT cropland were not critical points in LCA. However, the production of animal feed in VRG grassland can provide greater C storage in soil than that in NT cropland. Not only does the VRG system represent a possibility of milk production with lower potential environmental impacts but it also helps to reduce the effects of climate change through provision of carbon storage in soil

    Carbon sequestration potential of pastures in Southern Brazil: A systematic review

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    ABSTRACT Since the industrial revolution, human activities have emitted approximately 2,500 Gt of CO2, increasing the concentration of atmospheric CO2 by 50 % compared to pre-industrial levels. To better understand the potential for mitigating greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions through proper management of degraded pasture areas, we conducted a systematic literature review and identified 23 publications reporting carbon sequestration values for pastures managed under different conditions in the south and southeast regions of Brazil. From this dataset, 17 publications considered to be in line with the research premises were selected to estimate the potential for soil carbon sequestration (SEQ) through pasture recovery in the southern region of Brazil, using conservative and regenerative agricultural management practices. Results show that managed pastures can sustain carbon sequestration rates of around 2.50 Mg C ha-1 yr-1 over approximately 20 years. However, due to the numerous variables influencing SEQ rates, the limited number of publications, and the lack of data for some variables among them, a more extensive analysis of publications and data is needed to establish causal and preponderance relationships regarding the effect of each variable on the found SEQ rates. Under current pasture occupation conditions in Brazil’s south region, it is estimated these areas could sequester between 0.433 and 1.273 Gt CO2 at the end of 20 years if managed under appropriate practices. These numbers are not representative to reduce atmospheric CO2 concentration from legacy emissions and significantly mitigate physical impacts of climate change, reinforcing the importance of prioritizing the reduction of global GHG emissions as the primary mitigation strategy. On the other hand, from the perspective of mitigating the national agricultural sector’s annual GHG emissions, this potential cannot be considered negligible. Carbon sequestration by soils under agricultural management can play a vital role in mitigating climate change, integrating the set of necessary solutions and actions for a Paris Agreement goals compatible trajectory of limiting global warming to between 1.5 and 2 °C by the end of the century

    Production and photosynthetic activity of Mimosa Verde and Mimosa Roxa lettuce in two farming systems

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    Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) is the most commonly consumed leaf vegetable in the Brazilian diet, and it is a good source of vitamins and minerals. It is widely grown in the conventional farming system. However, the hydroponic farming system has been gaining importance in the market, wining confidence from consumers, who are becoming increasingly more demanding on food quality. The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of two lettuce cultivars on hydroponic and conventional farming systems for the production of fresh mass (FM) and dry mass (DM), photosynthesis, contents of chlorophyll and anthocyanin. The following two experiments were carried out: hydroponics farming (HF) and conventional farming (CF), performed in protect and unprotect environments, respectively, in Florianópolis, SC. Mimosa Verde cultivar (MV) showed greater fresh mass than Mimosa Roxa (MR), in both farming systems and the two cultivars presented better performance in the hydroponic system (287.7 g MV and 139.1 g MR) than the conventional system (129.7 g MV and 111.8 g MR). Mimosa Verde cultivar presented lower average contents of total chlorophyll (7.7 mg g-¹ FM) than Mimosa Roxa (11.8 mg g-¹FM), and both cultivars displayed higher means for this variable in the hydroponic farming system. Mimosa Roxa presented higher contents of anthocyanin in the conventional system (88.24 mg g-¹ FM) than the ones in the hydroponic system (36.89 mg g-¹ FM). The best results for CO2 net assimilation rate regarded to photosyntheticaly active photon flux density were found in the hydroponic system, for both lettuce cultivars. Variation in the contents of chlorophyll were also found. Those variations were higher in the protected system than in the hydroponic system and contents of anthocyanin were higher in the conventional system

    Mean percentage of <i>H</i>. <i>placei</i>-specific serum IgG levels against L3 worm crude antigen for groups Low, Medium, and High showing Fecal Egg Counts (FEC).

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    <p>Data are the mean of duplicates (±) SE given as a percentage of optical density of the positive reference serum. There was a difference between groups (P = 0.03) and days (P = 0.002) for IgG against L3 but no significant (P < 0.05) interaction between groups and days.</p

    Variables in days after starting the trial.

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    <p>(A) Insolation (hours/week) during the experimental period (Source: adapted from INMET, 2012). We found a correlation between grazing distance from the dung and insolation (P = 0.03). (B) Fecal Egg Counts (FEC) for the three cattle groups. Twenty days after administration of anthelmintic (indicated by an arrow), we found greater values for the High group than Low and Medium (P < 0.01). Data are absolute FEC (±) SE. (C) Mean distance between dung and the grazing site by group. Bar represents arithmetic means (±) SE. Results show a difference between groups (P = 0.05) and days (P < 0.0001).</p
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