Poincare invariance in temporal gauge canonical quantization and θ\theta-vacua

The Poincare invariance in the temporal gauge canonical quantization of QCD is shown manifestly by verifying the energy-momentum-vector and angular-momentum-tensor satisfy the Poincare algebra in the physical Hilbert space. Two different values of $\theta$ for the $\theta$-term in QCD lagrangian lead to different representations of the Poincare group, which are, however, connected by an unitary transformation. Thus the parameter $\theta$ becomes physically irrelevant unless we can further restrict the physical Hilbert space.Comment: 18 pages, UCRHEP-T10

Flavor-Changing Magnetic Dipole Moment and Oscillation of a Neutrino in a Degenerate Electron Plasma

The standard model prediction for a magnetic dipole moment of a neutrino is proportional to the neutrino mass and extremely small. It also generates a flavor-changing process, but the GIM mechanism reduces the corresponding amplitude. These properties of a neutrino magnetic moment change drastically in a degenerate electron plasma. We have shown that an electron-hole excitation gives a contribution proportional to the electrons' Fermi momentum. Since this effect is absent in $\mu$ and $\tau$ sector, the GIM cancellation does not work. The magnetic moment induces a neutrino oscillation if a strong enough magnetic field exists in the plasma. The required magnitude of the field strength that affects the \nue\ burst from a supernova is estimated to be the order of $10^8$ Gauss.Comment: 10 pages, Latex, Misleading terminology and typographical errors are correcte

Enhancement of the Transition Magnetic Moments of a Neutrino by Degenerate Electrons

The one-loop induced magnetic dipole moments of a neutrino are examined in a background of degenerate electrons in the standard model. For the nonrelativistic neutrino, they are enhanced by a factor (8\pF/3\mnu) , where \pF\ is the electron Fermi momentum and \mnu\ the neutrino mass. For the relativistic neutrino, they enhance the flavor-changing but helicity-conserving process because of the absence of the GIM cancellation.Comment: 17 pages, LaTex, 3 figures available upon reques

UDFS in shoulder surgeries

The purpose of this study was to clarify the difference in onset timing and incidence of undiagnosed finger symptom (UDFS) between various shoulder surgical procedures. In this study, UDFS symptoms included the following four symptoms in the fingers ; edema, limited range-of-motion, skin color changes, and abnormal sensations. UDFS cases were defined as those presenting with at least one UDFS. In result, the incidence rate of UDFS cases was 7.1% overall (58 / 816 shoulders), 7.4% (32 / 432) in arthroscopic rotator cuff repair (ARCR), 9.0% (11 / 122) in open rotator cuff repair (ORCR), 1.4% (2 / 145) in arthroscopic subacromial decompression (ASD), 13.2% (5 / 38) in open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF), 11.1% (3 / 27) in humeral head replacement, 4.8% (1 / 21) in anatomical total shoulder arthroplasty, and 12.9% (4 / 31) in reverse total shoulder arthroplasty cases. The Rate was significantly higher with ARCR compared to ASD (p < .01). About onset timing in weeks postoperatively, the ORIF group had a statistically earlier symptom onset than the Rotator cuff repair (ARCR + ORCR) group (2.4 weeks vs. 6.0 weeks, p < .01). When classifying the onset timing into before and after the removal of the abduction pillow, the ORIF group showed a statistically higher rate of onset before brace removal than the Rotator cuff repair groups (p < .01). Differences in UDFS among shoulder surgeries were demonstrated in this study

Evolution of the current system during solar wind pressure pulses based on aurora and magnetometer observations

Additional file 2: Figure S2. Same as Additional file 1 but for the July 14, 2012, event