Atividade altiulcerogênica de Indigofera truxillensis Kunth

The genus Indigofera (Fabaceae) is used in folk medicine to treat gastrointestinal pain. In this study, we investigated the antiulcerogenic properties of Indigofera truxillensis Kunth. Oral administration of MeOH extract did not produce any signals of acute toxicity. The antiulcerogenic activity was assessed in different models of acute gastric ulcers (100% ethanol, piroxicam 30 mg.kg-1, hypothermic restraint stress and pylorus ligature) in mice and rats. The animals were treated with the drugs lanzoprazole (30 mg.kg-1) or cimetidine (100 mg.kg-1) as positive controls depending on the performed model. In another experiment with ethanol-induced ulcers in rats, N-ethylmaleimide (NEM), a sulfhydryl group blocker, was also used. The MeOH extract, at doses of 250, 500 and 1000 mg.kg-1, inhibited the gastric lesions in all experiments: a) by 62%, 69% and 32%, respectively, in piroxicam-induced lesions, b) by 43%, 71% and 98%, in ethanol-induced lesions, c) by 69%, 64 and 89%, in hypothermic-restraint stress-induced lesions, d) by 73%, 82% and 84%, in pylorus ligature lesions. Significant changes in the total gastric acid levels were also found after intraduodenal administration of the MeOH extract in the ligated pylorus model. Pre treatment with NEM reduced partially the antiulcerogenic activity of the MeOH extract in ethanol-induced gastric lesions. This result indicates an increase in the levels of non-protein sulfhydryl groups by MeOH extract in the gastric mucosa. These results indicate that the MeOH extract has antisecretory and citoprotective effects that may be related to the presence of flavonoids detected by phytochemical analysis.O gênero Indigofera (Fabaceae) é utilizado na medicina tradicional para distúrbios gastrintestinais. Em nosso trabalho foi investigada a propriedade antiulcerogênica da Indigofera truxillensis Kunth. A administração oral do extrato metanólico (MeOH) não produziu efeitos tóxicos. A atividade antiulcerogênica foi avaliada em diferentes modelos agudos de úlcera gástrica (etanol 100%, piroxicam 30 mg.kg-1, estresse por retenção e frio e ligadura do piloro) em camundongos e ratos. Os animais foram tratados com lansoprazol (30 mg.kg-1) ou cimetidina (100 mg.kg-1), que foram utilizados como controle positivo dependendo do modelo testado. Em outro experimento com úlcera induzida por etanol em ratos, N-etilmaleimida (NEM), um bloqueador dos compostos sulfidríla, também foi utilizado. O extrato metanólico, nas doses de 250, 500 e 1000 mg.kg-1, inibiu significativamente as lesões gástricas em todos os experimentos: a) 62%, 69% e 32%, respectivamente, nas lesões gástricas induzidas por piroxicam, b) 43%, 71% e 98%, nas lesões gástricas induzidas por etanol, c) 69%, 64% e 89%, nas lesões gástricas induzidas por estresse por contenção e frio, d) 73%, 82% e 84%, nas lesões gástricas induzidas por ligadura de piloro. Alterações significativas foram observadas na concentração total de ácido gástrico após a administração via intraduodenal do extrato MeOH no modelo de ligadura do piloro. Pré-tratamento com NEM reduziu parcialmente a atividade antiulcerogênica do extrato MeOH na úlcera induzida por etanol, o que sugere um aumento nos níveis de compostos sulfidríla pelo extrato MeOH na mucosa gástrica. Os resultados indicam que o extrato MeOH possui um efeito antisecretor e citoprotetor, e que tais efeitos podem estar relacionados com a presença de flavonóides detectados por análise fitoquímica no extrato MeOH.00Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq

Ulcer healing and mechanism(s) of action involved in the gastroprotective activity of fractions obtained from Syngonanthus arthrotrichus and Syngonanthus bisulcatus

Abstract Background Syngonanthus arthrotrichus and Syngonanthus bisulcatus, currently known for Comanthera aciphylla (Bong.) L.R.Parra & Giul. and Comanthera bisulcata (Koern.) L.R. Parra & Giul, popularly known in Brazil as “sempre-vivas,” are plants from the family Eriocaulaceae. They are found in the states of Minas Gerais and Bahia. The species are known to be rich in flavonoids to which their gastroprotective activity has been attributed. In this research, experimental protocols were performed to elucidate the associated mechanisms of action. Methods The activity was evaluated using induced gastric ulcer models (acetic acid and ethanol-induced gastric lesions in NEM or L-NAME pre-treated mice, and by ischemia/reperfusion). Antioxidant enzymes, serum somatostatin, and gastrin were also evaluated. Results In chronic gastric ulcers, a single daily oral dose of Sa-FRF or Sb-FRF (100 mg/kg body wt.) for 14 consecutive days accelerated ulcer healing to an extent similar to that seen with an equal dose of cimetidine. The pre-treatment of mice with NEM (N-ethylmaleimide) or L-NAME (N-nitro-L-arginine) abolished the protective activity of Sa-FRF, Sa-FDF, Sb-FDF and Sb-FRF or Sa-FRF and Sb-FRF, respectively, which indicates that antioxidant compounds and nitric oxide synthase activity are involved in the gastroprotective. Sa-FRF and Sb-FRF (100 mg/kg p.o) protected the gastric mucosa against ulceration that was induced by ischemia/reperfusion (72 and 76 %, respectively). It also decreased lipid peroxidation and restored total thiols in the gastric wall of mice that had been treated with ethanol. When administered to rats submitted to ethanol-induced gastric lesions, Sa-FRF and Sb-FRF (100 mg/kg, p.o.) increased the somatostatin serum levels, while the gastrin serum levels were proportionally decreased. Conclusions The results indicate significant healing effects and gastroprotective activity for the Sa-FRF and Sb-FRF, which probably involves the participation of SH groups, nitric oxide (NO), the antioxidant system, somatostatin, and gastrin. All are integral parts of the gastrointestinal mucosa’s cytoprotective mechanisms against aggressive factors

Difundindo e popularizando a ciência na UNESP: interação entre pós-graduação e ensino médio: Reprodução de A a Z

The project untitled “Spreading Design and popularizing Science at UNESP: reproduction from A to Z “has the aims to contribute to improve of quality of primary and secondary education in public schools from Botucatu city, São Paulo and region. Alternative program activities of teaching science and biology (such as laboratory practices, recreational models, plays, games, games, music and videos) at schools of public schools. Creates opportunities for technical and academic training teachers and school students from public schools. This project contributes to didactic training of undergraduates and postgraduates students (Msc and PhD) and strengthens the link between university and basic education in Science and Biology. Every year in January ministers a course for the Postgraduate General and Applied Biology Program entitled Spreading Design and popularizing Science at UNESP: reproduction A to Z which consists of two parts, the first is the preparation of university students to develop summer course reproduction from A to Z for public school students. The second part of the course is running together students from public schools to develop activities such as laboratory practices, theater, music and games. We've had about 200 students, students who excel participated in research activities at the laboratories of the UNESP Biosciences Institute, through the activity called for "New Talent Program" with scholarship. In 2014 we had 18 students in the program and 6 students enrolled in courses at UNESP.O Projeto Difundindo e Popularizando a Ciência na UNESP: reprodução de A a Z visa contribuir com a melhoria na qualidade do ensino fundamental e médio nas escolas da rede pública. Programa atividades alternativas de ensino de Ciências e Biologia (como práticas laboratoriais, modelos lúdicos, peças de teatro, brincadeiras, jogos, músicas e vídeos) nas escolas da rede pública de ensino. Gera oportunidades de formação técnicoacadêmica para professores de ensino fundamental e médio e a alunos de ensino médio da rede pública. Assim como cria oportunidades de formação didática a alunos de pós-graduação. Essas atividades estreitam os laços entre universidade, escola pública de ensino fundamental e médio e população em geral. Anualmente em janeiro ministramos uma disciplina para o programa de Pós-graduação Biologia Geral e Aplicada intitulada Difundindo e Popularizando a Ciência na UNESP: reprodução de A a Z que consta de duas partes a primeira e a preparação dos alunos da pós-graduação para desenvolverem o curso de férias Reprodução de A a Z para alunos da rede pública. A segunda parte da disciplina é a execução do curso de férias juntos aos alunos da rede pública desenvolvendo atividades tais como práticas laboratoriais ,teatro , musica e jogos. Já tivemos aproximadamente 200 alunos, Os alunos que se destacam participaram de atividades de pesquisa junto a laboratórios do Instituto de Biociências da UNESP, através da atividade denominada de “Programa novos talentos” com bolsa de Iniciação cientifica Junior. Em 2014 tivemos 18 alunos nesse programa e 6 alunos ingressaram nos cursos da UNESP.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES