592 research outputs found
Aspects of opening play
In this paper, we study opening play in games. We show experiments using minimax and a semi-random player. In
the experiment, we let each semi-random player use an opening-book, created by different player. Results show
evidence for the following statements. The game length increases. Expert player against an intermediate player
should not use an opening book in a tournament match. Some opening books are good for novices and some opening
books are bad for novices. The game outcome will approach the outcome of the game when the opening book was
created, and if a grandmaster creates the opening book then the outcome will be the same as the grandmaster’s
An analysis of winning streak's effects in language course of “Duolingo” *
This paper explores the effects of the winning streak on users' motivation and engagement in Duolingo's language course. The winning streak has been used in sport and video games to describe a consecutive number of successful actions and increase players' attention to complete their goal. Similarly, in gamified education system, the winning streak is employed as a game element to boost up motivation of learners. By applying game refinement theory as an assessment method, enjoyment of two user groups in Duolingo is measured to compare. The results indicate that the winning streak can boost up learners' motivation and attention to complete their goals. It also expressed that the winning streak is more significant for advanced learners who are in the high level of milestone than those who are in the low level of milestone
A Quarter Century History of ATML1 Gene Research
The cloning of the ATML1 gene, encoding an HD-ZIP class IV transcription factor, was first reported in 1996. Because ATML1 mRNA was preferentially detected in the shoot epidermis, cis-regulatory sequences of ATML1 have been used to drive gene expression in the outermost cells of the shoot apical meristem and leaves, even before the function of ATML1 was understood. Later studies revealed that ATML1 is required for developmental processes related to shoot epidermal specification and differentiation. Consistent with its central role in epidermal development, ATML1 activity has been revealed to be restricted to the outermost cells via several regulatory mechanisms. In this review, we look back on the history of ATML1 research and provide a perspective for future studies
A Quarter Century History of ATML1 Gene Research
The cloning of the ATML1 gene, encoding an HD-ZIP class IV transcription factor, was first reported in 1996. Because ATML1 mRNA was preferentially detected in the shoot epidermis, cis-regulatory sequences of ATML1 have been used to drive gene expression in the outermost cells of the shoot apical meristem and leaves, even before the function of ATML1 was understood. Later studies revealed that ATML1 is required for developmental processes related to shoot epidermal specification and differentiation. Consistent with its central role in epidermal development, ATML1 activity has been revealed to be restricted to the outermost cells via several regulatory mechanisms. In this review, we look back on the history of ATML1 research and provide a perspective for future studies
Growth-mediated sensing of long-term cold in plants
Slow growth in winter underlies a mechanism for long-term cold sensing. The prolonged cold of winter is required for the flowering of many plants. Now the identification of a previously unknown long-term cold-sensing mechanism helps to reveal how plants are able to time their flowering correctly.Non peer reviewe
A Paradigm Shift from Optimal Play to Mental Comfort: A Perspective from the Game Refinement Theory
The game refinement theory focuses on the game designer perspective, where its application in various types of games provides evidence of the occurring paradigm shift. Utilizing the logistical model of game outcome uncertainty, it provides a platform for incorporating gamified experience observed in games to be adopted in domains outside of game while retaining the context of the game. Making games as a testbed, the implications of the game refinement theory have been observed in the educational and business perspective, while further explored its utility in interpreting some states of the human mind. In addition, a holistic view of design in games and in the real-world environments was discussed, where the prospects of the game refinement theory were also highlighted
Non-relativistic trace anomaly and equation of state in dense fermionic matter
We theoretically investigate a non-relativistic trace anomaly and its impact
on the low-temperature equation of state in spatially one-dimensional
three-component fermionic systems with a three-body interaction, which exhibit
a non-trivial three-body crossover from a bound trimer gas to dense fermionic
matter with increasing density. By applying the -matrix approach to the
three-body interaction, we obtain the analytical expression for the
ground-state equation of state relevant to the high-density degenerate regime
and thereby address how the three-body contact or, equivalently, the trace
anomaly emerges. The analytical results are compared with the recent quantum
Monte Carlo data. Our study of the trace anomaly and the sound speed could have
some relevance to the physics of hadron-quark crossover in compact stars.Comment: 7 pages, 4 figure
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