沖縄地域在宅高齢者の交流頻度の変化とその関連要因

本研究は,沖縄の地域在宅高齢者を対象とした3年間の縦断データを用いて,交流頻度の変化を明らかにした上で,高齢者の活発な交流頻度の維持にどのような要因が関連するのかを検討することを目的とした.その結果,3年間の交流頻度の変化は,親戚との交流において有意に上昇し,その他の別居子,友達,隣近所との交流においても交流頻度を維持していることが確認された.また,交流頻度を高く維持する要因として,友人との交流において男性では,抑うつ傾向が低い(OR:0.81,95% CI:0.69-0.96)過去1年の入院歴がない(OR:3.10,95% CI:1.01-9.57),就学年数が長い(OR:0.78,95% CI:0.65-0.93),女性では移動能力が高い(OR:0.41,95% CI:0.17-0.96)ということが確認された.一方で隣近所との交流においては,男性で過去1年の入院歴がない(OR:6.16,95% CI:1.76-21.70),年齢が低い(OR:0.91,95% CI:0.83-0.99),女性では手段的自立が高い(OR:1.70,95% CI:1.22-2.37)ことが交流頻度を高く維持する要因として挙げられた.これらの結果は,沖縄の高齢者の交流頻度が高く維持されていることを示している.また,他者との交流頻度を維持する上で女性では高齢期における生活機能の維持,男性では入院を必要とするような病状の悪化を予防,管理することが重要であると示唆された.This study aimed to clarify changes in the frequency of social contacts among elderly people living in a community in Okinawa based on a 3-year longitudinal study, and to evaluate what factors are related to the maintenance of the frequency of their contacts. During the 3 years, the frequency of social contacts with relatives increased significantly, and contacts with children living separately from the subjects, friends, and neighbors was maintained. The following factors were found to be related to the maintenance of high frequency of social contacts with friends : a low depression scale score (OR=0.81, 95% CI 0.69-0.96), no history of hospitalization during the past year (OR=3.10, 95% CI 1.01-9.57), and high education (OR=0.78, 95% CI 0.65-0.93) among males and a high locomotion level (OR=0.41, 95% CI, 0.17-0.96) among females. Concerning social contacts with neighbors, these factors were found to relate : no history of hospitalization during the past year (OR=6.16, 95% CI 1.76-21.70), a lower age (OR=0.91, 95% CI 0.83-0.99) in males and a high IADL level (OR=1.70, 95 %CI 1.22-2.37) in females. These results show that females who retain robust physical functions and males without diseases requiring hospitalization are likely to maintain frequent social contacts with others

Recognition of Folding Process from Origami Drill Books

This paper describes a framework to recognizing and recreating folding process of origami based on illustrations of origami drill books. Illustration images acquired from origami books are motley and not sequenced. Moreover, the information obtained from 2D illustrations is so superficial and incomplete that the folding operations cannot be determined uniquely. To solve these problems, a highly flexible and reliable recognition mechanism is proposed in this paper