副睾丸アデノマトイド腫瘍--日本語文献の概観

アデノマトイド腫蕩は副睾丸腫瘍中最も多くみられるものである。坂口により第1例が発表されて以来44例が報告されている。われわれは比較的筋性成分を豊富に含む45例目を報告する。このような例はアデノマイド腫瘍のうち約3%の割でみられるといわれている。われわれはまた本邦において報告された全文献の概観をも報告する。ABSTRACT: Adenomatoid tumors are the most frequently encountered tumor of the epididymis, and forty-four cases have been reported in Japan since the first case was reported by Sakaguchi. We report the 45th case with relatively abundant leiomyomatous content, a characteristic said to be found in about 3 per cent of adenomatoid tumors. We also report the results of a review of all relevant literature published in this country

Preservation of Actin Immunoreactivity in Paraffin Section by Tannic Acid Fixation on Chick Embryonic Heart: Comparison with Phalloidin Staining on Frozen Section

Degree of binding reactivity to actin in variously fixed tissues was histochemically examined by using phalloidin and antiactin staining on paraffin or frozen sections of 5-day chick embryonic heart. Fluorescein-labeled phalloidin staining on frozen section of the specimens fixed with 4% formaldehyde showed intense staining of actin in the myocardium and the aorticopulmonary (AP) septum. However, phalloidin did not react to actin on paraffin sections of the specimens fixed with 4% formaldehyde, nor fixed with 4% formaldehyde and 1% tannic acid (TA). FITC-labeled antiactin staining on paraffin sections of the specimens fixed with 4% formaldehyde and 1% TA showed comparable fluorescent intensity with that of phalloidin staining on frozen sections. However antiactin staining on paraffin sections of the specimens fixed with 4% formaldehyde only showed reduction of fluorescent intensity around the Ap septum. Both phalloidin and antiactin react non-specifically to the tissues fixed with solutions including 1% glutaraldehyde. Since paraffin sections showed much better tissue preservation than frozen sections, we suggest that paraffin embedding with TA fixation is very useful for actin histochemistry using antiactin

Stress responsive miR-23a attenuates skeletal muscle atrophy by targeting MAFbx /atrogin-1

Muscle atrophy occurs in many pathological states and results primarily from accelerated protein degradation by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. We used dexamethasone to induce muscle wasting and investigated the role of a microRNA (miRNA) in the control of muscle-specific E3 ubiquitin ligase MAFbx/atrogin-1. Here we show that miR-23a suppresses MAFbx/atrogin-1 translation by binding to 3'UTR of the mRNA. Furthermore, ectopic expression of miR-23a is sufficient to protect myocytes from atrophy in vitro and in vivo in response to dexamethasone treatment, and heat stress-induced miR-23a protects muscle from dexamethasone-induced muscle atrophy. Our surprising discovery of the physiological role of miR-23a in preventing the atrophy program should lay the basis not only for further understanding of the mechanisms of muscle wasting in diverse diseases, but also for developing novel therapies for these debilitating conditions

Allergic Potency of Japanese Cedar Pollen Cry j 1 Is Reduced by a Low Concentration of Hypochlorous Acid Generated by Electolysis

ABSTRACTBackgroundAlthough Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica) pollinosis has developed into a health problem, few methods eradicate indoor allergens completely. In a recent study, however, the effectiveness of inactivation with sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) treatment was revealed. Therefore, the present study aimed to elucidate the ability of chlorine bleach (NaOCl) to reduce the immunogenicity of the major allergenic protein of Japanese cedar (Cry j 1).MethodsSodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, Western blotting, enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay, and skin testing were carried out in 7 individuals.ResultsThe allergenic protein was undetectable using sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and silver staining at a sodium hypochlorite/allergenic protein molar ratio of 457. Western blotting with human sera showed the same dose-dependent efficacy. The immunogenicity of the purified protein and cedar pollen was also demonstrated on enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay to be reduced by sodium hypochlorite treatment in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Moreover, sodium hypochlorite-treatment inhibited the skin test response to the protein in all 7 individuals.ConclusionsHypochlorous acid generated by electrolysis is an effective method for significantly reducing the immunogenicity of Cry j 1

The epidemiology of pediatric fractures in our hospital over the past 10 years

【Background】The epidemiology of fractures in children is not reported over the past １０ years in Japan. We investigated the epidemiology of pediatric fractures in our hospital over the past １０ years. 【Method】A retrospective analysis of fractures in children（０ to １５ years-old）between April 1, ２００９, and March３１,２０１９was undertaken. We excluded cranial and/or facial bone fractures. 【Results】We enrolled２６１children and２９７fractures. Mean age was８．９year-old, and７０．８％ was boys. The highest cause of fractures is sports（２９．５％,７７／２６１children）, especially contact sports. Referred children were５８．２％（１５２／２６１children）and operated children were ８９％（２３３／２６１ children）. 【Conclusion】Enlightment activities about fractures in sports and aggregation of children who needs a operation may be important

Preliminary results of proton radiotherapy for pediatric rhabdomyosarcoma: a multi-institutional study in Japan

To evaluate preliminary results of proton radiotherapy (PRT) for pediatric patients with rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS). From 1987 to 2014, PRT was conducted as initial radiotherapy in 55 patients (35 males, 20 females, median age 5 years, range 0–19) with RMS at four institutes in Japan. Thirty‐one, 18, and six patients had embryonal, alveolar, and other RMS, respectively. One, 11, 37, and six patients were in IRSG groups I, II, III, and IV, respectively, and the COG risk group was low, intermediate, and high for nine, 39, and seven patients, respectively. The irradiation dose was 36–60 GyE (median: 50.4 GyE). The median follow‐up period was 24.5 months (range: 1.5–320.3). The 1‐ and 2‐year overall survival rates were 91.9% (95% CI: 84.3–99.5%) and 84.8% (95% CI 75.2–94.3%), respectively, and these rates were 100% and 100%, 97.1% and 90.1%, and 57.1% and 42.9% for COG low‐, intermediate‐, and high‐risk groups, respectively. There were 153 adverse events of Grade ≥3, including 141 hematologic toxicities in 48 patients (87%) and 12 radiation‐induced toxicities in nine patients (16%). Proton‐specific toxicity was not observed. PRT has the same treatment effect as photon radiotherapy with tolerable acute radiation‐induced toxicity