第984回千葉医学会例会・第33回肺癌研究施設例会

<p>The baseline (pre) and the peak (post) values of anti-DNA Ab (Farr) (A), IgG-anti-dsDNA Ab (B), IgM-anti-dsDNA Ab (C), and IgG-anti-ssDNA Ab (D). The upper limit normal values are indicated by dashed lines. The post values are the highest titers observed during the follow-up periods. Each dot represents a single serum sample, and the data are presented as mean ± SEM. A paired <i>t</i>-test for intra-group comparison or the Mann-Whitney test for inter-group comparison was used. ns: not significant.</p

The halving of the victory reward based on the utility and quantitative criteria in the hawk-dove game.

<p>(a) Payoff matrix of the hawk-dove game, where V and C are the victory reward and fighting cost, respectively. (b, c, d) The halving outcomes of victory rewards (V) by two players adopting the dove strategy in which the current wealth of player 1 (rich dove; RD) and player 2 (poor dove; PD), <i>w</i>₁ and <i>w</i>₂, are <i>w</i>₁ = 10 and <i>w</i>₂ = 5. (b) The utility criterion in which V = 2 (utility) is divided by half, such that <i>u</i>₁ = <i>u</i>₂ = 1. The amount gained by each player is proportional to the player’s current wealth, such that . The total amount, G, of victory reward, V, varies based on the sum of the current wealth of both players, such that G = (<i>w</i>₁ + <i>w</i>₂)(<i>e</i>– 1). (c) The utility criterion in which the amount of reward G is set constant (G = $2). The gains of the players depend on the proportion of players’ current wealth, such that <i>g</i>₁ = {<i>w</i>₁/(<i>w</i>₁ + <i>w</i>₂)}G. The utilities of the two players are equal, but the amounts of gains differ based on the ratio of current wealth, as in (b). (d) The quantitative criterion in which V = G = 2 dollars. The utility of players depends on the current wealth of players, such that <i>u</i>_<i>i</i> = log {(<i>g</i>_<i>i</i> + <i>w</i>_<i>i</i>)/<i>w</i>_<i>i</i>}.</p

Comparison of variables among three cases.

<p>Comparison of variables among three cases.</p

Comparison between the utility criterion and quantitative criterion.

<p>(a, b, c) The relationship between the gain and current wealth under the utility criterion (case 1, when <i>u</i>₁ = <i>u</i>₂ = 1). (d, e, f) The relationship between the utility and current wealth under the quantitative criterion (case 3). (a) The gain versus utility for both players, such that . <i>Δg</i> indicates the difference in <i>g</i> between the two players. (b) The difference in gain <i>Δg</i> (= |<i>g</i>₁ –<i>g</i>₂|) versus the difference in current wealth <i>Δw</i> (= |<i>w</i>₁ –<i>w</i>₂|). (c) Phase plane of <i>Δg</i> against <i>w</i>₁ and <i>w</i>₂. The dashed line indicate <i>Δg</i> = 0. (d) The utility versus both players’ gain, such that <i>u</i>_<i>t</i> = log{(<i>g</i>_<i>t</i> + <i>w</i>_<i>t</i>)/<i>w</i>_<i>t</i>}. <i>Δu</i> indicates the difference in <i>u</i> between the two players. (e) The difference in utility <i>Δu</i> (= |<i>u</i>₁ –<i>u</i>₂|) versus the difference in growth rate <i>Δr</i> (= <i>r</i>₁/<i>r</i>₂). (f) Phase plane of <i>Δu</i> versus <i>w</i>₁ and <i>w</i>₂. The dashed line indicates <i>Δu</i> = 0.</p

Limited extension after linked total elbow arthroplasty in patients with rheumatoid arthritis

<p><i>Objective</i>: Total elbow arthroplasty (TEA) has become an established procedure to relieve pain and to increase the range of motion of the destructed elbow in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, some patients still have limited extension after TEA, and the causes of limited extension after TEA have yet to be elucidated.</p> <p><i>Methods</i>: To examine whether widening of the joint space can cause such limited extension, we retrospectively analyzed 55 cases of linked TEA in patients with RA. There were seven male and 40 female with a mean age of 63.8 years (range, 30–80 years) and a mean follow-up of 7.5 ± 4.2 years (range, 2.5–15.6 years). The Mayo Elbow Performance Score (MEPS) and radiological measurements were recorded. Widening of the joint space was calculated by subtracting the length measured on postoperative radiograph from preoperative radiograph.</p> <p><i>Results</i>: MEPS and range of motion were significantly improved after surgery except for extension. The degree of extension was significantly correlated with radiological widening of the joint space in the limited extension group. Correlation analyses showed that postoperative limited extension was correlated with lower MEPS daily function.</p> <p><i>Conclusions</i>: Limited extension after linked TEA is partly derived from perioperative widening of the joint space and potentially limits daily function in patients with RA.</p

Head width data of Magicicada spp.

The table includes data for mean head width by sex of Magicicada species at each sample locality with geographic variables (latitude, longitude, altitude) and habitat temperature data (annual mean temperature, annual cumulative day-degree

Plasma sLOX-1 is a potent biomarker of clinical remission and disease activity in patients with seropositive RA

<p><i>Objectives</i>: Soluble lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor 1 (sLOX-1) is present in the circulation and synovial fluid in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The aim of this study was to assess whether sLOX-1 level is associated with clinical remission and disease activity in patients with RA.</p> <p><i>Methods</i>: Clinical and laboratory data were analyzed for 282 patients with RA. Plasma sLOX-1 level was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The remission status and sLOX-1 levels were compared between four groups of patients based on the positivity of rheumatoid factor (RF) and anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPAs). Relationships between sLOX-1 level and the 28-joint Disease Activity Score with erythrocyte sedimentation rate (DAS28-ESR) were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression.</p> <p><i>Results</i>: The patients in the RF + ACPA + group tended to exhibit higher sLOX-1 levels when compared to the other three groups. In the RF + ACPA + group, the sLOX-1 level was significantly higher in the non-remission group than in the remission group, irrespective of treatment. Multivariate logistic regression showed significant correlations between sLOX-1 level and DAS28-ESR.</p> <p><i>Conclusions</i>: sLOX-1 level might be a useful biomarker for assessing clinical remission and disease activity in double-positive RA patients.</p

PTH treatment does not affect biomechanical healing of intercalary allografts at 8-weeks.

<p>PTH treatment does not affect biomechanical healing of intercalary allografts at 8-weeks.</p

Postoperative recovery following femoral massive allograft surgery.

<p>Postoperative recovery scores were obtained on all dogs as described in Materials and Methods, and the total score for each animal over time is shown. No differences between Group 1 (Control) shown in green lines and symbols, Group 2 (PTH) shown in orange lines and symbols, and Group 3 (Delayed PTH) shown in violet lines and symbols; or Cohort 1 (canine subjects: Bashful, Happy, Dopey, Sleepy, Grumpy & Sneezy), Cohort 2 (canine subjects: Doe, Fa, Me, Sew, Ray, La & Tea) and Cohort 3 (canine subjects: Lily, Rose Chrysanthemum, Lilac, Iris, Violet & Daisy); were observed. All dogs discontinued their postoperative analgesia by day 7. Of note are the discontinued lines for La and Me, who died on days 19 and 22 from complications associated with hypercalcemia and <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> infection respectively. Also of note is Sneezy’s continuously high recovery score due to habitual patellar dislocation. These three dogs were excluded from further evaluation for these reasons.</p

Continuous rPTH_1-34 treatment increases the mineral apposition rate (MAR) in fracture callus at the graft-host junction.

<p>Following destructive torsion testing, the fractured allografted femurs were processed for undecalcified histology and dynamic histomorphometry as described in Materials and Methods. (A) Sanderson’s Rapid Bone Stain histology and X-rays of the representative fractured allografted femurs in each Group are shown to illustrate the amount of callus and fracture sites (yellow arrowheads) generated by the biomechanical test. Note the allograft of Happy failed at the distal graft-host junction, which is indicative of early healing or non-union. In contrast, grafted femurs from continues rPTH_1-34 treated dog (Dopey) failed within an oblique fracture through the allograft. Delayed rPTH_1-34 treated dog (Grumpy) failed with a fracture through the allograft and at the proximal junction. D: distal, P: proximal. MAR was quantified as described in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0185446#pone.0185446.s001" target="_blank">S1 Fig</a>, and the data for the four sub-regions: (B) Host bone; (C) Callus; (D) Graft-Host junction; and (E) Allograft, are presented as the mean +/- SD. *: p < 0.05, **: p < 0.01, by one-way ANOVA with Turkey post hoc test.</p