Les ph\ue9nom\ue8nes d'information plurielle en fran\ue7ais m\ue9di\ue9val: aspects lexicologiques et lexicographiques

Toad control Japan analysi

Plos one raw data (native tad vs toad tad)

Survival rate, svl, and weight of cane toad tadpole in Ishikgai island, Japa

Angle that Cane Toads approached a variety of acoustic stimuli after 10 minutes.

<p>The panels show responses of (a) male toads (upper panel), and (b) female toads (lower panel). Sample size is given in parentheses. The black square indicates the position of the speaker. Each black small circle shows the position of a toad after ten minutes. * P<0.05.</p

Growth and development of Cane Toad tadpoles at day 10 day following exposure as embryos to chemical cues of older tadpoles of native frog species (<i>F</i>. <i>sakishimensis</i>, <i>R</i>. <i>owstoni</i>, <i>and M</i>. <i>ornata</i>).

<p>The panels show impact of exposure to native frog tadpoles on a) body mass, and b) developmental stage (Gosner 1960 [<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0187265#pone.0187265.ref038" target="_blank">38</a>]) of Cane Toad embryos. The graphs show mean values with associated standard errors.</p

The effect of the presence of native frog tadpoles on survival, growth and development of tadpoles of the invasive cane toad, as measured 20 days after experimental exposure.

<p>The treatments comprised 10, 20 or 40 cane toad tadpoles, or 10 cane toad tadpoles plus 10 of either microhylid, rhacophorid or dicroglossid tadpoles. The panels show impacts on (a) survival rate, (b) body length, (c) body mass, and (d) developmental stage (Gosner 1960). The graphs show mean values (based on 6 replicate containers per treatment) with associated standard errors. Mi = microhylid, Rh = rhacophorid; Di = dicroglossid tadpoles.</p

Phonotactic responses of Cane Toads (<i>Rhinella marina</i>) to a variety of acoustic stimuli, based on the toad’s distance to the speaker after 10 minutes.

<p>The panels show responses of (a) male toads, and (b) female toads. All graphs show mean values and associated standard errors. * P<0.05.</p

Results of statistical analysis of data for position within the acoustic-testing apparatus for female Cane Toads after 10 minutes.

<p>Statistical methods were same as described in the caption to <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0187265#pone.0187265.t001" target="_blank">Table 1</a>.</p

Body sizes (mean ± standard errors, and range) and Gosner stages for tadpoles as measured at the beginning of the experiments.

<p>Body sizes (mean ± standard errors, and range) and Gosner stages for tadpoles as measured at the beginning of the experiments.</p

History of introductions of Cane Toads (<i>Rhinella marina</i>) to Japanese islands (in bold).

<p>In Iriomote, Cane Toads were transported from Ishigaki as accidental entries. Based on [<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0187265#pone.0187265.ref004" target="_blank">4</a>,<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0187265#pone.0187265.ref021" target="_blank">21</a>–<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0187265#pone.0187265.ref023" target="_blank">23</a>].</p

Results of statistical analysis on data for position within the acoustic-testing apparatus for male Cane Toads after 10 minutes.

<p>We used Rayleigh’s tests to assess the directional mean of toads, and Dunnett’s tests to compare the distance from speaker in the pink noise (Control) treatment versus the other four sound types.</p