LL システム ノ コウチク

関西外国語大学留学生別科では、留学生が使用する日本語学習のためのLL教室のシステムを本年度(2009)夏期に新しいものに入れ替えた。旧システムは2002年春に本学が現在の中宮キャンパスに引っ越す際に同時に導入したものであるが、プラットホームであるPCのOS、Windows 2000のサポートをMicrosoftが終了するため、本学のLLシステムも新しくする必要があった。本稿では旧システムでの問題と今回の新システムへの入れ替えを踏まえ、ノウハウの共有のために語学プログラムにおけるLLシステム構築について論じる

New inequality for Wilson loops from AdS/CFT

The strong subadditivity is the most important inequality which entanglement entropy satisfies. Based on the AdS/CFT conjecture, entanglement entropy in CFT is equal to the area of the minimal surface in AdS space. It is known that a Wilson loop can also be holographically computed from the minimal surface in AdS space. In this paper, we argue that Wilson loops also satisfy a similar inequality, and find several evidences of it.Comment: 16 pages (removed unnecessary figures

Neutrinos from SN1987A: flavor conversion and interpretation of results

After recent results from solar neutrino experiments and KamLAND we know that neutrinos from SN1987A underwent flavor conversion. This must be taken into account in the analysis of the data. Assuming the normal mass hierarchy of neutrinos we calculate the permutation factors p for the Kamiokande-2, IMB and Baksan detectors. The conversion inside the star leads to p = 0.28 - 0.32; regeneration effects inside the Earth reduce this factor down to 0.15 - 0.20 (at E = 40 MeV). We study in details the influence of conversion on the observed signal depending on the parameters of the original neutrino spectra. For a given set of these parameters, the conversion could increase the average energy of the observed events by up to 50 % and the number of events by a factor of 2 at Kamiokande-2 and of 3 - 5 at IMB. Inversely, we find that neglecting the conversion effects can lead up to 50 % error in the determination of the average energy of the original antinu_e flux and about 50 % error on its luminosity. By comparison with experimental data we conclude that the Kamiokande-2 data alone do not favor strong conversion effect. In contrast, the combined analysis of the Kamiokande and IMB results slightly favors strong conversion effects (that is, large difference of the original spectra). In comparison with the no oscillation case, the latter require lower average energy and higher luminosity of the original antinu_e flux.Comment: LaTeX, 29 pages, 8 figures; typos corrected, references and a note added; conclusions unchange

Periodic Oscillations of Josephson-Vortex Flow Resistance in Oxygen-Deficient Y1Ba2Cu3Ox

We measured the Josephson vortex flow resistance as a function of magnetic field applied parallel to the ab-planes using annealed Y1Ba2Cu3Ox intrinsic Josephson junctions having high anisotropy (around 40) by oxygen content reduction. Periodic oscillations were observed in magnetic fields above 45-58 kOe, corresponding to dense-dilute boundary for Josephson vortex lattice. The observed period of oscillations, agrees well with the increase of one fluxon per two junctions ($H_{p}$\textit{=$\Phi$}$_{0}$\textit{/2Ls}), may correspond to formation of a triangular lattice of Josephson vortices as has been reported by Ooi et al. for highly anisotropic (larger than 200) Bi-2212 intrinsic Josephson junctions.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figure

チュウキュウ ヨミカキ コース シアン : ヨミカキ コウドウ アンケート ニーズ ブンセキ ト アワセテ

関西外国語大学留学生別科の日本語プログラムでは、会話と読み書きの授業を分けているが、筆者にとって読み書きの授業内容をどうするかというのは継続的な課題となっている。本稿では、外国人の日本語学習者にとって実社会でメリットの大きい日本語読み書き能力とはどのようなものか、そして、それを如何に授業内容に反映させるかというところから考え直し、中級における読み書きの新しいコースデザインを提案する。読み書きに特化したアンケート調査を行い、ニーズ分析も行った。今回の試案では、「暗記・学習・習得型」の授業内容から、「自習能力を開発・育成するため」の授業内容への大きな発想の転換を行っている

キョウカショ サクセイ ニツイテ チュウキュウ キョウカショ カイテイ サギョウ オ キ ニ

本年夏期に関西外国語大学の中級レベル4(で使用している教科書の改訂作業を行った。これを機に、教科書作成の様々なプロセスについて考察を試みた。トピックは、ノウハウの蓄積について、役割分担とプロジェクト管理、学習プロセスにおける教科書の役割、音声教材、中級学習者の課題、教科書のまとめ方について、などである。実際に教科書を作成する機会は多くないかもしれないが、作成ノウハウを考えていくことは、様々な教科書を評価する際に有用な視点になったり、自分のクラス運営をどうするか考える際に役立つこともあるのではないだろうか

チュウキュウ キョウカショ カイテイゴ ノ ヒョウカ

昨年（2007）夏期に関西外国語大学の中級レベル4で使用している教科書の改訂作業を行い、2007年秋学期と2008年春学期の二学期間使用した。本学の日本語プログラムで行われている正規の授業評価にも教材についての質問はあるのだが、さらに詳しく見るために任意のアンケート調査を行い、改訂版の教科書評価の一つとした。このアンケートの結果を見ると、改訂後の教科書はいい評価を得ていると言える。学生からのコメントと実際に使用した教員からのコメントも合わせて、今後の課題を考えてみる

Standard Model Contributions to the Neutrino Index of Refraction in the Early Universe

With the standard electroweak interactions, the lowest-order coherent forward scattering amplitudes of neutrinos in a CP symmetric medium (such as the early universe) are zero, and the index of refraction of a propagating neutrino can only arise from the expansion of gauge boson propagators, from radiative corrections, and from new physics interactions. Motivated by nucleosynthesis constraints on a possible sterile neutrino (suggested by the solar neutrino deficit and a possible $17\ keV$ neutrino), we calculate the standard model contributions to the neutrino index of refraction in the early universe, focusing on the period when the temperature was of the order of a few $MeV$. We find sizable radiative corrections to the tree level result obtained by the expansion of the gauge boson propagator. For $\nu_e+e(\bar{e})\to \nu_e+e(\bar{e})$ the leading log correction is about $+10\%$, while for $\nu_e+\nu_e(\bar{\nu}_e)\to \nu_e+\nu_e(\bar{\nu}_e)$ the correction is about $+20\%$. Depending on the family mixing (if any), effects from different family scattering can be dominated by radiative corrections. The result for $\nu+\gamma\to\nu+\gamma$ is zero at one-loop level, even if neutrinos are massive. The cancellation of infrared divergence in a coherent process is also discussed.Comment: 46pp, 13 figures (not included), UPR-0495

The Role of Mannan-Binding Lectin (MBL) Gene Polymorphism in Ulcerative Colitis

Series studies suggest that enteropathogenic microorganisms play a substantial role in the clinical initiation and relapses of ulcerative colitis (UC). Mannan-binding lectin (MBL) is an important constituent of the innate immune system, and deficiency of MBL has been reported to increase the overall susceptibility of an individual to infectious disease. This study was aimed to investigate the associations between polymorphisms of the MBL gene and UC. Recruited in this study were 108 Japanese patients with UC and 144 healthy control subjects. Polymorphism at codon 54 of exon 1 of the MBL gene was investigated by polymerase chain reaction based restriction fragment length polymorphism. In general, no significant difference in MBL polymorphism was found between UC patients and health controls. However, the frequency of A carriers was significantly higher in the relapsing cases than controls (Odds ration = 2.19, 95%CI, 1.10–4.34; p = 0.023), and similar tendency was also found in A/A genotype. In conclusion, the polymorphism at codon 54 of exon 1 of the MBL gene associated with the susceptibility to the relapsing phenotype of ulcerative colitis. It suggests that codon 54 A variants of MBL gene may have an increased risk for the flare-ups of UC