387 research outputs found
Measurements of the absolute value of the penetration depth in high- superconductors using a tunnel diode resonator
A method is presented to measure the absolute value of the London penetration
depth, , from the frequency shift of a resonator. The technique
involves coating a high- superconductor (HTSC) with film of low - Tc
material of known thickness and penetration depth. The method is applied to
measure London penetration depth in YBa2Cu3O{7-\delta} (YBCO)
Bi2Sr2CaCu2O{8+\delta} (BSCCO) and Pr{1.85}Ce{0.15}CuO{4-\delta}\lambda (0)\lambda \approx 2790$ \AA, reported for the first
time.Comment: RevTex 4 (beta 4). 4 pages, 4 EPS figures. Submitted to Appl. Phys.
Let
Low temperature vortex phase diagram of Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8 : a magnetic penetration depth study
We report measurements of the magnetic penetration depth \lambda_m(T) in the
presence of a DC magnetic field in optimally doped BSCCO-2212 single crystals.
Warming, after magnetic field is applied to a zero-field cooled sample, results
in a non-monotonic \lambda_m(T), which does not coincide with a curve obtained
upon field cooling, thus exhibiting a hysteretic behaviour. We discuss the
possible relation of our results to the vortex decoupling, unbinding, and
dimensional crossover.Comment: M2S-HTSC-V
Large Anisotropic Thermal Expansion Anomaly near the Superconducting Transition Temperature in MgB2
An anisotropic lattice anomaly near the superconducting transition
temperature, Tc, was observed in MgB2 by high-resolution neutron powder
diffraction. The a-axis thermal expansion becomes negative near Tc, while the
c-axis thermal expansion is unaffected. This is qualitatively consistent with a
depletion of the boron-boron s-band as the superconducting gap opens, resulting
in weaker bonding. However, the observed anomaly is much larger than predicted
by the Ehrenfest relation, strongly suggesting that the phonon thermal
expansion also changes sign, as commonly observed in hexagonal layered
crystals. These two effects may be connected through subtle changes in the
phonon spectrum at Tc.Comment: 11 pages, 4 figure
Association of the IL-10 gene family locus on chromosome 1 with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA)
The cytokine IL-10 and its family members have been implicated in autoimmune diseases and we have previously reported that genetic variants in IL-10 were associated with a rare group of diseases called juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). The aim of this study was to fine map genetic variants within the IL-10 cytokine family cluster on chromosome 1 using linkage disequilibrium (LD)-tagging single nucleotide polymorphisms (tSNPs) approach with imputation and conditional analysis to test for disease associations
Russell Lecture: Dark Star Formation and Cooling Instability
Optically thin cooling gas at most temperatures above 30K will make
condensations by pressure pushing material into cool dense regions. This works
without gravity. Cooling condensations will flatten and become
planar/similarity solutions. Most star formation may start from cooling
condensations - with gravity only important in the later stages. The idea that
some of the dark matter could be pristine white dwarfs that condensed slowly on
to planetary sized seeds without firing nuclear reactions is found lacking.
However, recent observations indicate fifty times more halo white dwarfs than
have been previously acknowledged; enough to make the halo fraction observed as
MACHOS.
A cosmological census shows that only 1% of the mass of the Universe is of
known constitution.Comment: 32 Pages, Latex (uses aastex & natbib), 5 eps figures, submitted to
ApJ April 200
Theory of a Higher Order Phase Transition: Superconducting Transition in BKBO
We describe here the properties expected of a higher (with emphasis on the
order fourth) order phase transition. The order is identified in the sense
first noted by Ehrenfest, namely in terms of the temperature dependence of the
ordered state free energy near the phase boundary. We have derived an equation
for the phase boundary in terms of the discontinuities in thermodynamic
observables, developed a Ginzburg-Landau free energy and studied the
thermodynamic and magnetic properties. We also discuss the current status of
experiments on and other based superconductors,
the expectations for parameters and examine alternative explanations of the
experimental results.Comment: 18 pages, no figure
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