The battle of sexes – Ingratiation, gender and LMX

The hypothesis that subordinate ingratiation and subordinate gender will interact to influence LMX quality, such that ingratiation will have a stronger positive impact on LMX relationships for female subordinates than those for male subordinates was tested with a sample of employees (N=164) working in a large organization in Eastern India. Evidence in support of the hypothesis was found. The implications of this result have been discussed.

Tunable Optoelectronic Properties of Triply-Bonded Carbon Molecules with Linear and Graphyne Substructures

In this paper we present a detailed computational study of the electronic structure and optical properties of triply-bonded hydrocarbons with linear, and graphyne substructures, with the aim of identifying their potential in opto-electronic device applications. For the purpose, we employed a correlated electron methodology based upon the Pariser-Parr-Pople model Hamiltonian, coupled with the configuration interaction (CI) approach, and studied structures containing up to 42 carbon atoms. Our calculations, based upon large-scale CI expansions, reveal that the linear structures have intense optical absorption at the HOMO-LUMO gap, while the graphyne ones have those at higher energies. Thus, the opto-electronic properties depend on the topology of the {graphyne substructures, suggesting that they can be tuned by means of structural modifications. Our results are in very good agreement with the available experimental data.Comment: main text 29 pages + 4 figures + 1 TOC graphic (included), supporting information 21 page

Mediating Effects in the Relationship between 360-Degree Feedback and Employee Performance

360-degree feedback has been linked to several positive outcomes like improved performance, better interpersonal communication, smoother work relationships, etc. The paper empirically examines the mediating effects in the relationship between 360-degree feedback and employee performance with a sample of executives (N=198) working in four organisations in Western India. The results show that interpersonal communication and quality of working life have a complete mediating effect. Leader member exchange quality and perceived organisational support were found to have a partial but significant mediating effect. An elementary form of an integrated model, which includes all the four mediating variables and their inter-relationships, has been developed conceptually. This model is examined and built up empirically using structural equation modelling.

How Close Can You Get - The Effect of Proxemics on LMX

The study of how human use space to communicate is termed as Proxemics. In an organizational setting, this behavior has been found to be culturally conditioned and thus may differentially affect the degree of mutual influence and obligation between superiors and subordinates. The hypothesis that differential informal interactional levels and dining arrangements would have different effects on the perceptions of leader-member exchange quality was tested with a sample of employees (N=142) from organizations across India. We have discussed the results and their implications in the present study.

A alocação de médicos para a Índia rural:: fundamentos regulatórios

Este trabalho examina a relação entre o Governo Central e os governos estaduais da Índia no que tange às medidas regulatórias direcionadas à melhoria da disponibilidade e à retenção de médicos alopáticos nas áreas rurais do país, considerando a escassez desses profissionais nessas regiões. A análise é feita à luz do marco legal e da divisão de competências legislativas relativas à regulação da formação dos profissionais médicos. O Governo Central tem introduzido certas disposições na Lei do Conselho Médico da Índia, de 1956, para promover a disponibilidade de médicos nas áreas rurais; concomitantemente, alguns estados também têm implementado disposições com o mesmo objetivo, disposições estas que vão além do que estipula a Lei do Conselho Médico da Índia. Várias dessas medidas tomadas pelos governos estaduais – seja a reserva de vagas de pós-graduação para médicos que trabalham em instituições rurais do governo, seja a formação de quadros de médicos para as áreas rurais sob certas condicionantes – têm sido contestadas nos tribunais e consideradas violadoras da legislação central a qual, inter alia, regula os padrões de formação e o registro dos médicos. A menos que a Lei do Conselho Médico da Índia seja emendada ou o tema da formação dos profissionais médicos seja transferido da competência do Governo Central para à dos estados, as intervenções dos governos estaduais continuarão a ser derrubadas, caso considere-se que elas afetam os padrões de formação dos profissionais médicos. In the backdrop of acute shortage of allopathic doctors in rural India, this paper looks at the interplay and tension between central and state regulatory measures aimed at improving the availability and retention of allopathic doctors in the rural areas, within the overarching framework of centre-state relations and division of legislative powers between them, with respect to regulation of medical education. While the Central Government has introduced certain provisions in the central law to promote availability of doctors in rural areas, some States have implemented provisions with the same objective, that go beyond the stipulations of the Central Act. Several such measures taken by state governments; be it reservation of post graduate seats for doctors serving in government rural institutions or developing cadre of medical practitioners for rural area under certain conditionalities; have been challenged in courts and held to be violative of the central legislation which inter alia, regulates standards of medical education and registration of doctors. The measures introduced by the state governments for increasing availability of doctors in rural areas, even though struck down as invalid, were intended as instruments of equity and social justice, with far reaching implications for improving availability of health care services in underserved areas. Unless the Medical Council of India Act is amended or the subject matter of medical education is moved from Union list to State list, state interventions are likely to continue to be struck down if they are found to be affecting the standards of medical education

Walking the Tightrope: Coopetition Capability Construct and Its Role in Value Creation

Prior research emphasizes the paradoxical nature of coopetition and the need for specialized capabilities—coopetition capability—to deal effectively with opportunities and challenges stemming from the simultaneous pursuit of cooperation and competition and to create superior value. However, we know little about the underlying conceptual properties of coopetition capability (construct clarity) and lack a reliable and valid scale to measure it (construct validity). We conduct a study in three phases to address this critical gap. First, building on paradox literature, we conceptualize coopetition capability as a multidimensional construct reflected by three underlying dimensions: coopetition mindset, analytical acumen, and executional skills. Second, we develop a 15-item psychometrically valid scale using a sample of 647 coopetitive alliances in high-technology sectors. Finally, using a matched sample of 536 coopetitive alliances, we extend the focal construct's nomological network by examining two relationships: coopetition experience's impact on coopetition capability and the effect of coopetition capability on the relationship between the coopetition paradox and value creation. Overall, our paper lays a foundation for deeper theory development and empirical research on coopetition by providing much-needed construct clarity and psychometrically valid measures for coopetition capability

Gender, Affect and Upward Influence

Upward influence tactics affect the attitude, perceptions and behavior of the supervisors towards their subordinates. This influence may be used both for organizational and personal purposes. With more and more women joining the work place, gender becomes a significant construct given that upward influence tactics may have nuances different for men and women, especially in the Indian context. The hypotheses that made an attempt to understand gender differences in terms of use of upward influence tactics and the moderating effect of the positive and the negative affect, were tested with a sample of employees (N=107) working in a large bank in Western India. The study employed both in-depth exploratory interviews and a survey methodology. While the interview data was subjected to rigorous content analysis techniques, regression analysis was performed on survey data. Results indicated that the gender of the agent and the supervisor, as well as the interaction of gender and affective styles, influenced the choice of upward influence tactics.

Correlations and Organisational Effects of Compensation and Benefits, Job Satisfaction, Career Satisfaction and Job Stress in Public and Private Hospitals in Lucknow, India

The present study compares the organisational effect of compensation and benefits in public and private hospitals. It was observed that private hospital employees were more satisfied with their compensation and benefits as compared to the employees of government hospitals. Furthermore, the employees who were satisfied with their compensation and benefits were also found to be satisfied with their jobs. Abbreviations: HR – Human Resources