Elucidation of the anticancer property of Abrus agglutinin in oral cancer cell lines

Abrus agglutinin, a ribosome inhibiting protein II (RIP II) family lectin, is a heterotetrameric glycoprotein of molecular weight 134 kDa which is composed of two A chains (N-glycosidase activity on 60S eukaryotic ribosome) and two B chains (galactose binding site) linked through a disulphide bridge. Here we studied the anti cancer activity of Abrus agglutinin in various oral cancer cell lines. The protein synthesis inhibitory activity of Abrus agglutinin (IC50) in various oral cell lines is 7.5 µg, 6 µg , 1.25 µg, 56.66 µg in HEp2, RPMI-2650, FaDu, HaCaT respectively. The study confirmed Abrus agglutinin acts as a magic bullet for combating oral cancer

Amelioration of lipopeptide biosurfactants for enhanced antibacterial and biocompatibility through molecular antioxidant property by methoxy and carboxyl moieties

Biosurfactants having surface-active biomolecules have been the cynosure in environment research due to their vast application. However, the lack of information about their low-cost production and detailed mechanistic biocompatibility limits the applicability. The study explores techniques for the production and design of low-cost, biodegradable, and non-toxic biosurfactants from Brevibacterium casei strain LS14 and excavates the mechanistic details of their biomedical properties like antibacterial effects and biocompatibility. Taguchi’s design of experiment was used to optimize for enhancing biosurfactant production by optimal factor combinations like Waste glycerol (1%v/v), peptone (1%w/v), NaCl 0.4% (w/v), and pH 6. Under optimal conditions, the purified biosurfactant reduced the surface tension to 35 mN/m from 72.8 mN/m (MSM) and a critical micelle concentration of 25 mg/ml was achieved. Spectroscopic analyses of the purified biosurfactant using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance suggested it as a lipopeptide biosurfactant. The evaluation of mechanistic antibacterial, antiradical, antiproliferative, and cellular effects indicated the efficient antibacterial activity (against Pseudomonas aeruginosa) of biosurfactants due to free radical scavenging activity and oxidative stress. Moreover, the cellular cytotoxicity was estimated by MTT and other cellular assays revealing the phenomenon as the dose-dependent induction of apoptosis due to free radical scavenging with an LC50 of 55.6 ± 2.3 mg/ml