Mean first passage time for fission potentials having structure

A schematic model of over-damped motion is presented which permits one to calculate the mean first passage time for nuclear fission. Its asymptotic value may exceed considerably the lifetime suggested by Kramers rate formula, which applies only to very special, favorable potentials and temperatures. The additional time obtained in the more general case is seen to allow for a considerable increment in the emission of light particles.Comment: 7 pages, LaTex, 7 postscript figures; Keywords: Decay rate, mean first passage tim

Steer Performance Grazing Corn Residue and Supplemented with Modified Distillers Grains plus Solubles with or without Urea

A growing study was conducted to evaluate the effects of supplementing growing calves grazing corn residue with modified distillers grains plus solubles (MDGS; 3 or 5 lb/d) and with or without urea on growth performance. There were no significant MDGS × urea inclusion interactions observed. Urea inclusion level (0 and 0.12 lb/d) did not affect supplemental intake, ADG, or ending BW. Steers fed 5 lb of MDGS had an increased ADG and a heavier ending BW compared to steers fed 3 lb MDGS daily. Supplemental urea is not necessary when supplementing at least 3 lb MDGS to steers grazing corn residue

Evaluation of Corn Distillers Solubles on Growing Steer Performance

A growing study evaluated increasing inclusions of corn distillers solubles (CDS) at 10, 20, 30, and 40%, or increasing wet distillers grains plus solubles (WDGS) at 10, 20, 30, and 40% compared to a corn control. Corn was replaced by CDS or WDGS in each forage-based diet. Increasing CDS resulted in a quadratic increase for both DMI and F:G. Increasing WDGS linearly increased both DMI and ADG with no effect on F:G. The energy value of CDS is less than that of corn, whereas WDGS had an energy value similar to corn in growing diets with 50% brome hay. A 73.7% TDN value was determined for CDS at 40% inclusion in forage-based diets

Comment on ``Superconducting PrBa_2Cu_3O_x''

Recently, Zou et al. (Phys. Rev. Lett. 80, 1074, 1998) reported the observation of bulk superconductivity (SC) for a PrBa_2Cu_3O_x (Pr123) single crystal grown by the traveling-solvent floating zone (TSFZ) method. The aim of this Comment is to show the inconsistency of the value of effective magnetic moment \mu_{eff} reported by Zou et al. (2.92\mu_B) with their magnetic susceptibility data. The estimation made directly from their data points gives a considerably smaller value of \mu_{eff}=2.09\mu_B. At the same time the values of mu_{eff}=2.9\mu_B and 3.1\mu_B were obtained for our Pr123 single crystals grown by flux method for H||ab-plane and H||c-axis, respectively. This suggests that Pr occupies only about a half of the RE sites in TSFZ crystal. The other half of the RE sites is occupied most probably by the nonmagnetic Ba. Noteworthy, SC with T_c=43 K was observed earlier for Pr_{0.5}Ca_{0.5}Ba_2Cu_3O_{7-y} thin films. Ba^{2+} has a larger ionic radius than Pr^{3+} and so the substitution of Ba for Pr could give a natural explanation not only for the SC in TSFZ Pr123 but also for the elongation of the distance between the CuO_2 planes observed by Zou et al.Comment: Slightly extended version of Comment accepted to Phys. Rev. Lett. (v.81, N24, 1998), tentatevely to be publ. 14Dec98. 1 page, REVTex; 1 EPS fi

Rumen Undegradable Protein and Bambermycins Supplementation of Calves Grazing Corn Residue

Steer calves grazing non- irrigated corn residue were supplemented with a corn residue and by- product pellet that contained either Soypass, soybean meal, or processed soybean meal at a rate of 4 lb / d. Additionally, a supplement was fed at 1 lb / d that provided 0 or 20 mg / steer daily of bambermycins (Gainpro®). There was no interaction between bambermycins inclusion and pellet type. Likewise, there was no effect of pellet type or bambermycins on ending BW or ADG. In order to maximize gain of calves grazing corn residue it is important to provide a supplement that ensures adequate levels of both energy and rumen undegradeable protein

The Effect of Harvest Method and Ammoniation of Corn Residue on Growing Calf Performance

A growing trial was conducted to determine the effect of feeding baled corn residue harvested using three different methods, with and without ammoniation of the residue. Residue harvested with the New Holland Cornrower™ with two rows of chopped stem added to the windrow resulted in a 9% increase in ADG compared to conventional rake and bale harvest or turning off the combine spreader and baling tailing. Ammoniation of residue increased ADG 67% (increase of 1.1 lb/d) over non-ammoniated residue. Feed efficiency was not affected by harvest method, but ammoniation decreased F:G by 13% compared to cattle fed non-ammoniated residue. Although alternative harvest technologies can improve ADG, ammoniation of corn residue has a considerably greater impact on cattle performance

Impact of Grazing Spring Rye on Subsequent Crop Yields and Profitability

Steers (729 ± 19 lb BW) grazed in two November-planted cereal rye fields for 22 d in April, either with or without an ionophore in their free choice mineral supplement. Subsequent corn yields were measured to assess impact of planting cereal rye as a cover crop (not grazed) or grazing the rye compared to a no rye control. There was no statistical impact of rye or grazing on subsequent corn yield. Supplying an ionophore in the mineral did not uniformly improve gains across fields. However, gains were high at 3.2 lb/d and were able to offset the cost of planting rye

Effect of Backgrounding System on Performance and Profitability of Yearling Beef Steers

Five summer management strategies were compared following grazing corn residue through winter. Cattle were assigned to be 1) summer finished, 2) graze bromegrass, 3) graze bromegrass and fed distillers grains at 0.6% of BW, 4) backgrounded in a drylot pen to gain 1.70 lb/d, or 5) backgrounded in a drylot pen to gain 2.35 lb/d. Results differed by year, however, in general as backgrounding ADG increased, days required on feed to reach an equal fat endpoint decreased. In year 1, ADG of cattle grazing bromegrass was less than cattle backgrounded in pens. There was no difference in finishing ADG for summer backgrounded steers. In year 2, steers grazing bromegrass with no supplement had the lowest summer ADG but exhibited compensatory growth in the feedlot. Overall, backgrounding systems increase carcass weights when cattle are finished to an equal fat thickness

Effect of Continuous or Rotational Grazing on Growing Steer Performance and Land Production

Individual animal performance and animal production per acre were evaluated for steers grazing smooth bromegrass over 2 consecutive years. Treatments consisted of steers continuously grazing smooth bromegrass and initially stocked at either 4.0 animal unit months (AUM)/ac (HI) or 2.8 AUM/ac (LO) or steers rotationally grazing smooth bromegrass and initially stocked at 4.0 AUM/ac (ROT). Average calculated stocking rate for the LO, HI, and ROT treatments was greater than initial stocking rates due to the use of put and take animals. In vitro organic matter digestibility and crude protein of rotationally grazed pastures was relatively constant as the grazing season progressed, whereas continuous grazing showed a decrease in digestibility. However, there were no differences in gain between treatments. Treatment pastures grazed at a higher intensity, regardless of grazing method, had greater calculated stocking rate than pastures grazed at a lower intensity. Gain per acre, however, did not differ among treatments. Overall, although there was an increase in diet sample quality associated with rotational grazing compared to continuously grazed pastures, greater emphasis should likely be placed on managing an appropriate grazing intensity, rather than grazing method