1,346 research outputs found
Energy deposition in microscopic volumes by high-energy protons
Microscopic energy deposition from passing protons in tissue spher
Changes in the frequency distribution of energy deposited in short pathlengths as a function of energy degradation of the primary beam
Frequency distributions of event size in deposition of energy over small pathlengths measured after penetration of 44.3 MeV protons through thicknesses of tissue-like materia
Charmonium-Nucleon Dissociation Cross Sections in the Quark Model
Charmonium dissociation cross sections due to flavor-exchange
charmonium-baryon scattering are computed in the constituent quark model. We
present results for inelastic and scattering amplitudes
and cross sections into 46 final channels, including final states composed of
various combinations of , , , and . These results
are relevant to experimental searches for the deconfined phase of quark matter,
and may be useful in identifying the contribution of initial
production to the open-charm final states observed at RHIC through the
characteristic flavor ratios of certain channels. These results are also of
interest to possible charmonium-nucleon bound states.Comment: 10 pages, 5 eps figures, revte
Discriminants, symmetrized graph monomials, and sums of squares
Motivated by the necessities of the invariant theory of binary forms J. J.
Sylvester constructed in 1878 for each graph with possible multiple edges but
without loops its symmetrized graph monomial which is a polynomial in the
vertex labels of the original graph. In the 20-th century this construction was
studied by several authors. We pose the question for which graphs this
polynomial is a non-negative resp. a sum of squares. This problem is motivated
by a recent conjecture of F. Sottile and E. Mukhin on discriminant of the
derivative of a univariate polynomial, and an interesting example of P. and A.
Lax of a graph with 4 edges whose symmetrized graph monomial is non-negative
but not a sum of squares. We present detailed information about symmetrized
graph monomials for graphs with four and six edges, obtained by computer
calculations
Topology of the three-qubit space of entanglement types
The three-qubit space of entanglement types is the orbit space of the local
unitary action on the space of three-qubit pure states, and hence describes the
types of entanglement that a system of three qubits can achieve. We show that
this orbit space is homeomorphic to a certain subspace of R^6, which we
describe completely. We give a topologically based classification of
three-qubit entanglement types, and we argue that the nontrivial topology of
the three-qubit space of entanglement types forbids the existence of standard
states with the convenient properties of two-qubit standard states.Comment: 9 pages, 3 figures, v2 adds a referenc
Noether symmetries, energy-momentum tensors and conformal invariance in classical field theory
In the framework of classical field theory, we first review the Noether
theory of symmetries, with simple rederivations of its essential results, with
special emphasis given to the Noether identities for gauge theories. Will this
baggage on board, we next discuss in detail, for Poincar\'e invariant theories
in flat spacetime, the differences between the Belinfante energy-momentum
tensor and a family of Hilbert energy-momentum tensors. All these tensors
coincide on shell but they split their duties in the following sense:
Belinfante's tensor is the one to use in order to obtain the generators of
Poincar\'e symmetries and it is a basic ingredient of the generators of other
eventual spacetime symmetries which may happen to exist. Instead, Hilbert
tensors are the means to test whether a theory contains other spacetime
symmetries beyond Poincar\'e. We discuss at length the case of scale and
conformal symmetry, of which we give some examples. We show, for Poincar\'e
invariant Lagrangians, that the realization of scale invariance selects a
unique Hilbert tensor which allows for an easy test as to whether conformal
invariance is also realized. Finally we make some basic remarks on metric
generally covariant theories and classical field theory in a fixed curved
bakground.Comment: 31 pa
Aminoacids and flavonoids profiling in tempranillo berries can be modulated by the arbuscular mychorrhizal fungi
(1) Background: Vitis vinifera L. cv. Tempranillo is cultivated over the world for its wine of high quality. The association of Tempranillo with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) induced the accumulation of phenolics and carotenoids in leaves, affected the metabolism of abscisic acid (ABA) during berry ripening, and modulated some characteristics and quality aspects of grapes. The objective of this study was to elucidate if AMF influenced the profiles and the content of primary and secondary metabolites determinants for berry quality in Tempranillo. (2) Methods: Fruit-bearing cuttings inoculated with AMF or uninoculated were cultivated under controlled conditions. (3) Results: Mycorrhizal symbiosis modified the profile of metabolites in Tempranillo berries, especially those of the primary compounds. The levels of glucose and amino acids clearly increased in berries of mycorrhized Tempranillo grapevines, including those of the aromatic precursor amino acids. However, mycorrhizal inoculation barely influenced the total amount and the profiles of anthocyanins and flavonols in berries. (4) Conclusions: Mycorrhizal inoculation of Tempranillo grapevines may be an alternative to the exogenous application of nitrogen compounds in order to enhance the contents of amino acids in grapes, which may affect the aromatic characteristics of wines
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