海洋由来Aspergillus属真菌が生産するインドールアルカロイドの構造と生合成研究

取得学位：博士(薬学)，学位授与番号：博甲第1107号，学位授与年月日：平成21年3月23

Spinal Deformity and the Musculoskeletal Cohort Study of the General Older Population

Article信州医学雑誌 69(3) : 111-120(2021)departmental bulletin pape

Mood Stabilizers and Antipsychotics for Acute Mania: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Augmentation Therapy vs Monotherapy From the Perspective of Time to the Onset of Treatment Effects

Background: Existing meta-analytic evidence on bipolar mania treatment has revealed that augmentation therapy (AUG) with antipsychotics and mood stabilizers is more effective than monotherapy. However, the speed of the onset of treatment effects and subsequent changes in risk/benefit are unclear. Methods: We searched the Cochrane CENTRAL, MEDLINE, and EMBASE databases until January 2021. Our primary outcomes were response and tolerability. We set 3 time points: 1, 3, and 6 weeks after randomization. Results: Seventeen studies compared AUG therapy and MS monotherapy (comparison 1), and 8 studies compared AUG therapy and antipsychotics monotherapy (comparison 2). In comparison 1, AUG therapy resulted in significantly more responses than monotherapy, with an odds ratio of 1.45 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.17 to 1.80) at 3 weeks and 1.59 (95% CI: 1.28 to 1.99) at 6 weeks. Significant improvement was observed in the first week with a standardized mean difference of −0.25 (95% CI: −0.38 to −0.12). In comparison 2, AUG therapy was significantly more effective than monotherapy, with an odds ratio of 1.73 (95% CI: 1.25 to 2.40) at 3 weeks and 1.74 (95% CI: 1.11 to 2.73) at 6 weeks. Significant improvement was observed in the first week with an standardized mean difference of −0.23 (95% CI: −0.39 to −0.07). Regarding tolerability, there was no significant difference between AUG therapy and monotherapy at 3 and 6 weeks in both comparisons. Conclusions: Early AUG therapy should be considered, as it has shown efficacy from weeks 1 to 6, although attention to side effects is necessary for acute mania treatment

Taichunamides: Prenylated Indole Alkaloids from Aspergillus taichungensis (IBT 19404)

Seven new prenylated indole alkaloids, taichunamides A–G, were isolated from the fungus Aspergillus taichungensis (IBT 19404). Taichunamides A and B contained an azetidine and 4‐pyridone units, respectively, and are likely biosynthesized from notoamide S via (+)‐6‐epi‐stephacidin A. Taichunamides C and D contain endoperoxide and methylsulfonyl units, respectively. This fungus produced indole alkaloids containing an anti‐bicyclo[2.2.2]diazaoctane core, whereas A. protuberus and A. amoenus produced congeners with a syn‐bicyclo[2.2.2]diazaoctane core. Plausible biosynthetic pathways to access these cores within the three species likely arise from an intramolecular hetero Diels–Alder reaction.Sieben neue prenylierte Indolalkaloide wurden aus A. taichungensis isoliert. Dieser Pilz erzeugt Alkaloide mit anti‐Bicyclo[2.2.2]diazaoctan‐Kern, während A. protuberus und A. amoenus syn‐Derivate herstellen. Die Strukturdiversität der von Tryptophan abgeleiteten Sekundärmetaboliten deutet auf stereochemisch und strukturell hoch entwickelte Synthesefunktionen für Sekundärmetaboliten in diesen orthologen Pilzen hin.Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/137451/1/ange201509462.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/137451/2/ange201509462-sup-0001-misc_information.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/137451/3/ange201509462_am.pd

Bi-local Fields in Noncommutative Field Theory

We propose a bi-local representation in noncommutative field theory. It provides a simple description for high momentum degrees of freedom. It also shows that the low momentum modes can be well approximated by ordinary local fields. Long range interactions are generated in the effective action for the lower momentum modes after integrating out the high momentum bi-local fields. The low momentum modes can be represented by diagonal blocks in the matrix model picture and the high momentum bi-local fields correspond to off-diagonal blocks. This block-block interaction picture simply reproduces the infrared singular behaviors of nonplanar diagrams in noncommutative field theory.Comment: 27 pages, 2 figure

Neurotrophic sesterterpenes isolated from a marine sponge, Spongia sp.

金沢大学大学院自然科学研究科生理活性物質科学金沢大学薬学部The MeOH extract of a marine sponge of the genus Spongia showed neurotrophic activity in pheochromocytoma (PC-12) cells. Purification of the extract afforded a new sesterterpene, deacetoxyscalarin (1), along with five known sesterterpenes (2-6). Among them, 2-6 induced neurite outgrowth in PC-12 cells at the concentration of 50 μg/mL but 1 was inactive. © 2006 The Japan Institute of Heterocyclic Chemistry

Notoamides A-D: prenylated indole alkaloids isolated from a marine-derived fungus, Aspergillus sp.

金沢大学大学院自然科学研究科生理活性物質科学金沢大学薬学