EFICACIA DE LA FLUTICASONA Y DE LA TEOFILINA COMBINADAS O INDEPENDIENTES DEN EL TRATAMIENTO DE LA DISPLASIA BRONCOPULMONAR

Facultad de Medicin

Aptitud de padres para prevenir abuso sexual en menores después de una intervención educativa participativa Parental aptitude to prevent child sexual abuse after a participatory education intervention

OBJETIVO: Evaluar la aptitud en los padres sobre el impacto de educar con equidad a los menores, para prevenir abuso sexual infantil con una estrategia educativa participativa. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Diseño cuasiexperimental. Se incluyó a 92 padres con hijos menores en preescolar que recibieron una intervención educativa con estrategia promotora participativa por una hora durante 20 días. Para evaluar el cambio de aptitud se construyó previamente un cuestionario estructurado con 20 enunciados, que fue validado por expertos en educación y sexología infantil. Para comparar la diferencia intragrupos se utilizó Wilcoxon. RESULTADOS: Se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en las respuestas de los padres antes/después de la intervención educativa con un valor en la mediana (rango) 10(2-12)/18(6-20), p<0.01. CONCLUSIÓN: Después de la intervención educativa participativa, se encontró un cambio de aptitud en los padres al adquirir un mayor aprendizaje sobre el impacto de educar con equidad a los menores para prevenir abuso. Es necesario continuar evaluando diferentes estrategias educativas.<br>OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the aptitude of parents regarding the educational impact of equity education for children to prevent child sexual abuse using participatory strategies. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Quasi-experimental design. Ninety-two parents with children in preschool were included in the study. The parents were given a course using participatory educational strategies for one hour daily over a period of 20 days. Prior to the course, a group of experts in child education and sexology prepared a questionnaire with 20 sentences. A Wilcoxon test was used to compare intergroup differences RESULTS: We found statistically significant differences in the parents' responses before and after the educational intervention, with a median (range) of 10(2-12)/18(6-20), p<0.01. CONCLUSIONS: A significant change in aptitude was noted when parents attended classes using a participatory strategy to learn about the impact of educational equity for the prevention of child sexual abuse. Thus, it is imperative to continue evaluating different educational strategies

Clinical markers associated with acute laboratory-confirmed Dengue infection: results of a national epidemiological surveillance system

ABSTRACTObjective To evaluate the association of several clinical markers with acute laboratory-positive Dengue Virus infection.Methods A hospital-based case-control study was conducted in the state of Colima, Mexico, by using information from the National System of Epidemiological Surveillance (Sistema Nacional de Vigilancia Epidemiológica [SINAVE]) for Dengue. Data from 2 732 cases and 2 775 frequency-matched controls were analyzed. Odds Ratio (OR) and the 95 % Confidence Interval (CI), estimated by means of logistic regression models, were used.Results The presence of skin rash (OR=1,7; 95 % CI 1,5–2,1), persisting vomiting (OR=1,8; 95 % CI 1,5–2,3) and increased capillary fragility (petechiae, ecchymosis, hematoma or positive tourniquet test; OR=1,8; 95 % CI 1,2–2,6) were associated with laboratory-positive infection.Conclusions Three clinical markers were significantly associated with an increased risk of acute laboratory-confirmed dengue infection. These findings would support accurate and timely diagnosis of dengue in laboratory-limited settings.Objetivo Evaluar la asociación de distintos marcadores clínicos con la infección por virus de Dengue, confirmada por laboratorio.Métodos Se condujo un estudio hospitalario de casos y controles, en el estado de Colima, México, usando información del Sistema Nacional de  Vigilancia Epidemiológica (SINAVE) para dengue. Se analizó la información de 2 732 casos y 2 775 controles de frecuencia compatible/pareada. Se utilizó la Razón de Momios (RM) y el Intervalo de Confianza de 95 % (IC), estimado con modelos de regresión logística.Resultados La presencia de exantema (OR=1,7; 95 % CI 1,5–2,1), vómito persistente (OR=1,8; 95 % CI 1,5–2,3) y fragilidad capilar aumentada (petequias, equimosis, hematomas o prueba del torniquete positiva; OR=1,8; 95 % CI 1,2–2,6) se asociaron con la infección por dengue confirmada por laboratorio.Conclusiones Tres marcadores clínicos se asociaron significante con un riesgo incrementado de la infección aguda por dengue confirmada por laboratorio. Estos hallazgos pueden apoyar al preciso y oportuno diagnóstico de la infección en sitios con acceso limitado a laboratorios

Disability-Adjusted Life Years for Cancer in 2010–2014: A Regional Approach in Mexico

The disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) were used to estimate the regional (state of Colima, Mexico) cancer burden in 2010&ndash;2014. The years of life lost (YLL) were estimated with mortality data and years lived with disability (YLD) using incidence data. The DALYs were calculated as the arithmetic addition of YLL and YLD. Sex and cancer site-specific estimations were made and DALY rates were used to identify the leading causes of disease burden. Data from 2532 deaths were analyzed and, for all malignant tumors combined, 18,712.9 DALYs and 20,243.3 DALYs were estimated in males and females respectively. The overall contribution of YLL in DALY estimates was higher among females (93.7% vs. 87.4%). Age-standardized DALY rates (and 95% confidence intervals, CI) per 100,000 inhabitants were used to rank the leading causes of disease burden and, among males, malignant tumors from the prostate, lower respiratory tract, and colon and rectum accounted the highest rates (45.7, 95% CI 32.7&ndash;59.3; 37.6, 95% CI 25.7&ndash;49.9; and 25.9, 95% CI 16.0&ndash;36.1 DALYs). Breast, cervix uteri, and lower respiratory tract cancer showed the highest burden in females (66.0, 95% CI 50.3&ndash;82.4; 44.4, 95% CI 31.5&ndash;57.7; and 20.9, 95% CI 12.0&ndash;30.0 DALYs). The present study provides an indication of the burden of cancer at the regional level, underscoring the need to expand cancer prevention, screening, and awareness programs, as well as to improve early diagnosis and medical treatment

Screening for Depressive Mood During Acute Chikungunya Infection in Primary Healthcare Settings

Background: We aimed to screen for depressive mood experienced during acute chikungunya (CHIKV) infection, and to evaluate the association of several exposures with the risk of depressive symptoms. Methods: A cross-sectional analysis of a multicenter cohort study took place and data from 354 adult individuals with confirmed CHIKV infection were analyzed. Participants were recruited in primary health care settings and the Patient Health Questionnaire-2 (PHQ-2) was used. Prevalence odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) estimated by means of logistic models were used. Results: Depressive mood (PHQ-2 score 3 or higher) was reported by 44.1% of individuals. Subjects with articular effusion (OR = 3.37, 95% CI 1.77&#8315;8.11), gastrointestinal manifestations (diarrhea, vomiting or abdominal pain, OR = 1.97, 95 CI 1.21&#8315;3.19), and higher length of severe arthralgia (reference &#8804; 14 days: 15&#8315;30 days, OR = 3.38, 95% CI 1.78&#8315;6.41; &#8805; 30 days, OR = 1.69, 95% CI 0.95&#8315;3.01) were more likely to self-report depressive mood. Increasing age (&#8805; 40 years old, OR = 0.55, 95% CI 0.31&#8315;0.95) and rash (OR = 0.54, 95% CI 0.30&#8315;0.98) were associated with a decreased risk of depressive mood. Conclusions: Depressive mood seemed to be a frequent event among analyzed individuals, and markers associated with its risk were identified