Four-Photon Quantum Interferometry at a Telecom Wavelength

We report the experimental demonstration of four-photon quantum interference using telecom-wavelength photons. Realization of multi-photon quantum interference is essential to linear optics quantum information processing and measurement-based quantum computing. We have developed a source that efficiently emits photon pairs in a pure spectrotemporal mode at a telecom wavelength region, and have demonstrated the quantum interference exhibiting the reduced fringe intervals that correspond to the reduced de Broglie wavelength of up to the four photon `NOON' state. Our result should open a path to practical quantum information processing using telecom-wavelength photons.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure

Generation of polarization entanglement from spatially-correlated photons in spontaneous parametric down-conversion

We propose a novel scheme to generate polarization entanglement from spatially-correlated photon pairs. We experimentally realized a scheme by means of a spatial correlation effect in a spontaneous parametric down-conversion and a modified Michelson interferometer. The scheme we propose in this paper can be interpreted as a conversion process from spatial correlation to polarization entanglement.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure

A novel lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferase enzyme (LPAAT4) with a possible role for incorporating docosahexaenoic acid into brain glycerophospholipids

AbstractGlycerophospholipids are important components of cellular membranes, required for constructing structural barriers, and for providing precursors of bioactive lipid mediators. Lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferases (LPAATs) are enzymes known to function in the de novo glycerophospholipid biosynthetic pathway (Kennedy pathway), using lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) and acyl-CoA to form phosphatidic acid (PA). Until now, three LPAATs (LPAAT1, 2, and 3) have been reported from the 1-acyl-glycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase (AGPAT) family. In this study, we identified a fourth LPAAT enzyme, LPAAT4, previously known as an uncharacterized enzyme AGPAT4 (LPAATδ), from the AGPAT family. Although LPAAT4 was known to contain AGPAT motifs essential for acyltransferase activities, detailed biochemical properties were unknown. Here, we found that mouse LPAAT4 (mLPAAT4) possesses LPAAT activity with high acyl-CoA specificity for polyunsaturated fatty acyl-CoA, especially docosahexaenoyl-CoA (22:6-CoA, DHA-CoA). mLPAAT4 was distributed in many tissues, with relatively high expression in the brain, rich in docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6). mLPAAT4 siRNA in a neuronal cell line, Neuro 2A, caused a decrease in LPAAT activity with 22:6-CoA, suggesting that mLPAAT4 functions endogenously. siRNA in Neuro 2A cells caused a decrease in 18:0–22:6 PC, whereas mLPAAT4 overexpression in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO)-K1 cells caused an increase in this species. Although DHA is considered to have many important functions for the brain, the mechanism of its incorporation into glycerophospholipids is unknown. LPAAT4 might have a significant role for maintaining DHA in neural membranes. Identification of LPAAT4 will possibly contribute to understanding the regulation and the biological roles of DHA-containing glycerophospholipids in the brain

Allopregnanolone increases mature excitatory synapse along dendrite via proteinkinase A signaling

学位記番号：医博甲152

Current bonding systems for resin-bonded restorations and fixed partial dentures made of silver–palladium–copper–gold alloy

SummaryThis review article describes about the bonding systems for noble metal alloys, bonding techniques of restorations and fixed partial dentures (FPDs) made of Ag–Pd–Cu–Au alloys, and their clinical performance. Thione monomers, 6-(4-vinylbenzyl-n-propyl) amino-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-dithione (VTD), 6-methacryloyloxyhexyl-2-thiouracil-5-carboxylate (MTU-6), and 10-methacryloxydecyl 6,8-dithiooctanoate (MDDT), has been proved effective for bonding noble metal alloys. An acrylic adhesive consists of the tri-n-butylborane (TBB) initiator, methyl methacrylate (MMA) monomer liquid with 5% 4-methacryloyloxyethyl trimellitate anhydride (4-META), and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), is being used for bonding metallic restorations to abutment surfaces. Clinical performance of restorations and FPDs made of Ag–Pd–Cu–Au alloys is overall excellent when they are seated with the currently available noble metal bonding systems

An Evaluation of the Effect of the Improvised Experiments on Student-teachers’ Conception of Static Electricity

This study is investigating the student-teachers’ conception of static  electricity in Rwandan teacher training colleges. The study used a preand post-intervention design, where two groups of students were randomly  assigned in two groups. Along a period of four weeks, one group was taught using the traditional method (TRAD) while another using improvised  experiment (IME) method. The student-teachers were given a test before teaching while after teaching the same test was administered to both groups. The study was not interested in testing student-teachers’  achievement rather the conception of static electricity. The test was composed of six item questions and their answers were coded as “out of the topic, unrelated information and opposite answers”. After performing pre-test, student-teachers showed confusions related to non-mastery of content and alternative conceptions related to static electricity and  magnetism. Though about 27 per cent and 17 per cent of student-teachers in TRAD and IME respectively, reduced the gaps in their confusion after getting teaching intervention, however, there was found to be no statistically significant difference (p>.05 at df=10) in all of the item questions between these teaching methods in favour of IME. Four item questions showed an improvement while student-teachers developed more conceptual confusions in other two item questions. Not only examining student-teachers’ conception in static electricity but also teachers were recommended to be aware of students’ ideas, opinions and confusions prior to their lesson planning, teaching materials preparation, as well as teaching implementation. Keywords: Conceptions, Static electricity, Improvised experiments, Student-teacher

Deep Selection: A Fully Supervised Camera Selection Network for Surgery Recordings

Recording surgery in operating rooms is an essential task for education and evaluation of medical treatment. However, recording the desired targets, such as the surgery field, surgical tools, or doctor's hands, is difficult because the targets are heavily occluded during surgery. We use a recording system in which multiple cameras are embedded in the surgical lamp, and we assume that at least one camera is recording the target without occlusion at any given time. As the embedded cameras obtain multiple video sequences, we address the task of selecting the camera with the best view of the surgery. Unlike the conventional method, which selects the camera based on the area size of the surgery field, we propose a deep neural network that predicts the camera selection probability from multiple video sequences by learning the supervision of the expert annotation. We created a dataset in which six different types of plastic surgery are recorded, and we provided the annotation of camera switching. Our experiments show that our approach successfully switched between cameras and outperformed three baseline methods.Comment: MICCAI 202