A Study on Reconstruction of Condominium in the Metropolitan Area Using Real Estate Data

In Japan, there is concern about the impact of the growing stock of older condominiums on the buildings themselves and the surrounding environment, and immediate action is needed. While in other countries, repair, elimination, and retirement of aged condominiums are the mainstream methods, in Japan, reconstruction is sometimes used. This study proposes a new decision criterion using discriminant analysis to address the problem of the difficulty and long time required to build consensus for rebuilding older condominiums. Discriminant analysis used building attributes and other variables to differentiate and predict condominium properties that have been successfully reconstructed from those that were not. Simple and clear answers will enable non-expert judgment and aid in consensus building. Multiple discriminant formulas were obtained and compared for Tokyo and neighbouring cities, as well as by subdividing and adding up these subdivisions. At the same time, coefficients of variables were changed or added to increase the reliability of the equations. As a result, a new modified discriminant equation with a high degree of reliability that advances previous studies was obtained. In addition, through the process of creating the formula, we discovered a new option for determining whether or not to rebuild based on whether or not there is an excess floor-area ratio, which is generally considered to be the solution in Japan, by increasing the site area

Theory of heterotic SIS Josephson junctions between single- and multi-gap superconductors

Using the functional integral method, we construct a theory of heterotic SIS Josephson junctions between single- and two-gap superconductors. The theory predicts the presence of in-phase and out-of-phase collective oscillation modes of superconducting phases. The former corresponds to the Josephson plasma mode whose frequency is drastically reduced for $\pm$ s-wave symmetry, and the latter is a counterpart of Leggett's mode in Josephson junctions. We also reveal that the critical current and the Fraunhofer pattern strongly depend on the symmetry type of the two-gap superconductor

Lipid Chaperones and Metabolic Inflammation

Over the past decade, a large body of evidence has emerged demonstrating an integration of metabolic and immune response pathways. It is now clear that obesity and associated disorders such as insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes are associated with a metabolically driven, low-grade, chronic inflammatory state, referred to as “metaflammation.” Several inflammatory cytokines as well as lipids and metabolic stress pathways can activate metaflammation, which targets metabolically critical organs and tissues including adipocytes and macrophages to adversely affect systemic homeostasis. On the other hand, inside the cell, fatty acid-binding proteins (FABPs), a family of lipid chaperones, as well as endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and reactive oxygen species derived from mitochondria play significant roles in promotion of metabolically triggered inflammation. Here, we discuss the molecular and cellular basis of the roles of FABPs, especially FABP4 and FABP5, in metaflammation and related diseases including obesity, diabetes, and atherosclerosis

学会抄録

<p>A. The average number of interactions decomposed by the interaction partners in 7 categories: NP, CP, MP, NCP, CMP, NCMP, and others. The full size view is shown in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0156455#pone.0156455.s003" target="_blank">S2 Fig</a>. B. The Venn diagram representing the interaction of NP with NCP. In total, 2,498 NP were analyzed. The NP with intra-interactions and interacting with NCP are shown by the two circles in the box. The intersection of two circles represents the shared interaction partners. Among these proteins, 1,250 NP neither intra-interact nor interact with NCP. C. The summary of interactions in terms of interaction partners. S symbols indicate that the interaction is rich (at least 0.6 interaction partners) between the protein (the left column) and the interaction partners (the top row), and the interaction partners are shared (at least 0.5) with the intra-interactions of partner proteins (<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0156455#pone.0156455.s010" target="_blank">S6 Table</a>). For other symbols, see the bottom of the panel.</p

Ambegaokar-Baratoff relations of Josephson critical current in heterojunctions with multi-gap superconductors

An extension of the Ambegaokar-Baratoff relation to a superconductor-insulator-superconductor (SIS) Josephson junction with multiple tunneling channels is derived. Appling the resultant relation to a SIS Josephson junction formed by an iron-based (five-band) and a single-band Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) type superconductors, a theoretical bound of the Josephson critical current ($I_{\rm c}$) multiplied by the resistance of the junction ($R_{\rm n}$) is given. We reveal that such a bound is useful for identifying the pairing symmetry of iron-pnictide superconductors. One finds that if a measured value of $I_{\rm c}R_{\rm n}$ is smaller than the bound then the symmetry is $\pm s$-wave, and otherwise $s$-wave without any sign changes. In addition, we stress that temperature dependence of $I_{\rm c}R_{\rm n}$ is sensitive to the difference of the gap functions from the BCS type gap formula in the above heterojunction.Comment: 7 pages, 6 figure

Visualization of Cerebrospinal Fluid Outflow and Egress along the Nerve Roots of the Lumbar Spine.

Intrinsic cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) dynamics in the brain have been extensively studied, particularly the egress sites of tagged intrinsic CSF in the meninges. Although spinal CSF recirculates within the central nervous system (CNS), we hypothesized that CSF outflows from the lumbar spinal canal. We aimed to visualize and semi-quantify the outflow using non-contrast MRI techniques. We utilized a 3 Tesla clinical MRI with a 16-channel spine coil, employing time-spatial labeling inversion (Time-SLIP) with tag-on and tag-off acquisitions, T2-weighted coronal 2D fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) and T2-weighted coronal 3D centric ky-kz single-shot FSE (cSSFSE). Images were acquired using time-spatial labeling inversion pulse (Time-SLIP) with tag-on and tag-off acquisitions with varying TI periods. Ten healthy volunteers with no known spinal diseases participated. Variations in tagged CSF outflow were observed across different thoracolumbar nerve root segments in all participants. We quantified CSF outflow at all lumbar levels and the psoas region. There was no significant difference among the ROIs for signal intensity. The tagged CSF outflow from the spinal canal is small but demonstrates egress to surrounding tissues. This finding may pave the way for exploring intrathecal drug delivery, understanding of CSF-related pathologies and its potential as a biomarker for peripheral neuropathy and radiculopathy

Comparative analysis of CD45RA- and CD45RO-positive CD4⁺T cells in peripheral blood, synovial fluid, and synovial tissue in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis

&#8195;To determine whether the predominant infiltration with memory CD4+T cells in joints is specific to the local immune and inflammatory response in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), the proportions of CD45RA+ or CD45RO+ cells in the CD4+T cell populations in three different compartments (i.e., peripheral blood, synovial fluid, and synovial tissue) from patients with RA and osteoarthritis (OA) were compared by two-color flow-cytometric analysis. In the CD4+T cell population of peripheral blood, the number of CD45RO+ cells was relatively higher than CD45RA+ cells in both RA and OA patients, but their percentages did not differ from those found in healthy individuals. However, the great majority of CD4+T cells present in synovial fluid and synovial tissue were CD45RO-positive and CD45RA-negative in both patient groups; although CD4+T cells infiltrating both the disease compartments were markedly greater in RA joints, their mean percentages of CD45RO+ cells were not significantly different from those in OA joints. These data indicate that an accumulation of CD45RO+ memory CD4+T cells is a generalized phenomenon during local inflammatory responses in both RA and OA joints, and may be due mainly to the propensity of these cells to preferentially transmigrate into the inflamed joint via adhesion molecules as compared with CD45RA+ naive CD4+T cells.</p