5 research outputs found
Prognostic impact of a history of cancer and atrial fibrillation in antithrombotic therapy for chronic heart failure
Abstract Aims This study aimed to examine the prognostic significance of a history of cancer and atrial fibrillation (AF) in antithrombotic therapy for patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). Methods and results We enrolled consecutive 4876 CHF patients (69 ± 12 years; women, 31.9%) in our multicentre, hospitalâbased cohort study, the Chronic Heart Failure Analysis and Registry in the Tohoku Districtâ2 (CHARTâ2), with a median followâup of 8.7 years. Among them, 14% and 41% had a history of cancer and AF, respectively. AF patients with a history of cancer were older, more frequently men. History of cancer was not statistically associated with higher rate of composite of stroke, systemic thrombosis, and major bleeding defined by International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis [FineâGray subâdistribution hazard ratio (sHR) accounting for the competing risk of allâcause death, 0.91; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.56â1.48; P = 0.715]. The patients with history of cancer and AF had a heightened risk for the composite of stroke, systemic thrombosis, and major bleeding (sHR, 1.64; 95% CI, 1.04â2.60; P = 0.033), especially in those aged >75 years (sHR, 2.14; 95% CI, 1.01â4.53; P = 0.046) and those with ischaemic heart disease (IHD; 2.48; 1.30â4.72; P = 0.006). Furthermore, 36% of AF patients with a history of cancer did not receive anticoagulant therapy. Conclusions The CHF patients with history of cancer and AF had higher risk for stroke, systemic thrombosis, and major bleeding, especially in the elderly and those with IHD, but considerable number of the patients did not receive anticoagulant therapy, indicating the need for better optimal anticoagulation strategy
Underuse of heart failure medications and poor long-term prognosis in chronic heart failure patients with polypharmacy â A report from the CHART-2 study
Background: In patients with chronic heart failure (CHF), comorbidities are often managed with multiple medications, characterized by polypharmacy, leading to increased risk of potentially inappropriate medication and adverse effects. Methods: We studied 4,876 consecutive patients with CHF (Stage C/D, age 69.0 ± 12.3 years) in the CHART-2 study to evaluate the association among polypharmacy, underuse of HF medications, and all-cause death. Polypharmacy was defined as the daily use of â„ 8 medications for the survival classification and regression tree analysis. Results: The average number of medications was 10 in the polypharmacy group and 5 in the non-polypharmacy group, respectively. Over a median of 8.3 (4.1â11.7) years, the incidence rate of all-cause death was significantly higher in the polypharmacy group (n = 2,108) than in the non-polypharmacy group (57.3 % vs. 40.6 %; adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 1.34 (95 %CI, 1.22â1.48), P < 0.001), even in age < 55 years (26.6 % vs. 14.3 %; adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 1.61 (95 %CI, 1.04â2.50), P = 0.033). In patients with polypharmacy, those without renin-angiotensin system inhibitors (RAS-I) and/or beta-blockers (N = 1,023) were associated with increased incidence of all-cause death as compared with those with both medications (aHR 1.18; 95 %CI 1.04â1.35, P = 0.012). Conclusions: Polypharmacy was associated with poor long-term prognosis, even in younger patients with CHF. Among 4,876 patients with CHF, 1023 (20.9%) with polypharmacy and underuse of RAS-I and/or beta-blocker were associated with increased risk of all-cause death
Characterization of sorbitan surfactant-based vesicles at the molecular scale using NMR: Effect of acyl chain length vs. phospholipid composition
Inhaled nitric oxide testing in predicting prognosis in pulmonary hypertension due to leftâsided heart diseases
Abstract Aims The pathophysiology of pulmonary hypertension (PH) due to leftâsided heart disease (Group 2 PH) is distinct from that of other groups of PH, yet there are still no approved therapies that selectively target pulmonary circulation. The increase in pulmonary capillary pressure due to leftâsided heart disease is a trigger event for physical and biological alterations of the pulmonary circulation, including the nitric oxide (NO)âsoluble guanylate cyclaseâcyclic guanosine monophosphate axis. This study investigated inhaled NO vasoreactivity tests for patients with Group 2 PH and hypothesized that these changes may have a prognostic impact. Methods and results This was a singleâcentre, retrospective study with a median followâup of 365 days. From January 2011 to December 2015, we studied 69 patients with Group 2 PH [age, 61.5 ± 13.0 (standard deviation) years; male:female, 49:20; left ventricular ejection fraction, 50.1 ± 20.4%; mean pulmonary arterial pressure, â„25 mmHg; and pulmonary arterial wedge pressure (PAWP), >15 mmHg]. No adverse events were observed after NO inhalation. Thirtyâfour patients with Group 2 PH showed increased PAWP (ÎPAWP: 3.26 ± 2.22 mmHg), while the remaining 35 patients did not (ÎPAWP: â2.11 ± 2.29 mmHg). Multivariate analysis revealed that increased PAWP was the only significant predictor of allâcause death or hospitalization for heart failure (HF) after 1 year (hazard ratio 4.35; 95% confidence interval, 1.27â14.83; P = 0.019). The acute response of PAWP to NO differed between HF with preserved and reduced ejection fractions. Conclusions Patients with Group 2 PH were tolerant of the inhaled NO test. NOâinduced PAWP is a novel prognostic indicator