Parental Burnout in Hungary : Development and Psychometric Evaluation of the Hungarian Parental Burnout Assessment (PBA-HUN)

Introduction: Parental burnout might take place when excessive demands overwhelm the parents' resources.Aims: To develop and validate the Hungarian version of the Parental Burnout Assessment (PBA-HUN), an instrument designed to measure parental burnout; and to determine the prevalence of parental burnout in Hungary.Methods: Data were collected via an online survey from parents with at least one child living in the household (N = 1215; 82.6% mothers; M-age = 38.68 years; SDage = 6.27 years). Confirmatory factor analysis was used to investigate the factor structure of the PBA-HUN.Results: The four-factor structure of the original PBA was replicated, confirming the following factors: exhaustion in one's parental role, contrast with one's parental role, feelings of being fed up, and emotional distancing from one's children. A second-order model with a higher-order factor representing overall parental burnout also fit the data well. The internal consistency of both the subscale and total scores was excellent (alpha >= 0.84). Parental burnout had a moderately strong negative correlation with life satisfaction, and weak or moderate positive correlations with perceived stress, depression, vital exhaustion, and COVID-specific perceived stress supporting the construct validity of the PBA-HUN. The prevalence of parental burnout stood at 5.8% in this sample. The weak relationship between PBA-HUN scores and sociodemographic factors was also similar to those found in prior studies. Parental burnout correlated negatively with the number of hours spent sleeping and engaging in spare time activity, respectively.Conclusions: The PBA-HUN is a reliable and valid tool to assess parental burnout in Hungary

Parental Burnout in Hungary - Development and psychometric evaluation of the Hungarian Parental Burnout Assessment (PBA-HUN)

Introduction: Parental burnout might take place when excessive demands overwhelm the parents’ resources. Aims: To develop and validate the Hungarian version of the Parental Burnout Assessment (PBA-HUN), an instrument designed to measure parental burnout; and to determine the prevalence of parental burnout in Hungary. Methods: Data were collected via an online survey from parents with at least one child living in the household (N = 1215; 82.6% mothers; Mage = 38.68 years; SDage = 6.27 years). Confirmatory factor analysis was used to investigate the factor structure of the PBA-HUN. Results: The four-factor structure of the original PBA was replicated, confirming the following factors: exhaustion in one’s parental role, contrast with one’s parental role, feelings of being fed up, and emotional distancing from one’s children. A second-order model with a higher-order factor representing overall parental burnout also fit the data well. The internal consistency of both the subscale and total scores was excellent (α ≥ 0.84). Parental burnout had a moderately strong negative correlation with life satisfaction, and weak or moderate positive correlations with perceived stress, depression, vital exhaustion, and COVID-specific perceived stress supporting the construct validity of the PBA-HUN. The prevalence of parental burnout stood at 5.8% in this sample. The weak relationship between PBA-HUN scores and sociodemographic factors was also similar to those found in prior studies. Parental burnout correlated negatively with the number of hours spent sleeping and engaging in spare time activity, respectively. Conclusions: The PBA-HUN is a reliable and valid tool to assess parental burnout in Hungary

Loci Memoriae Hungaricae

Pál S. Varga: Introduction - 7 ; 1. Theoretical Approaches - 21 ; Aleida Assmann: The Transformative Power of Memory - 22 ; Jan Assmann: Communicative and Cultural - 36 ; Pim den Boer: Lieux de Mémoire in Comparative Perspective - 44 ; 2.Discussion/Diskussion - 51 ; Pál S. Varga: Kollektives Gedächtnis und Geschichtswissenschaften (Diskussionseröffnung) - 52 ; Harald D. Gröller: Diskussionsbeitrag bez. des Eröffnungsreferats von Pál S. Varga - 59 ; Csaba Gy. Kiss: Diskussionsbeitrag zum Eröffnungsreferat von Pál S. Varga - 64 ; Ferenc Velkey: Gedächtnis und Geschichte. Kommentare zur Diskussionseröffnung von Pál S. Varga - 67 ; Péter György: Memory Fallen Apart: the Case of Two Cemeteries - 72 ; Aleida Assmann: Response to Péter György, “Memory Fallen Apart: the Case of Two Cemeteries” - 78 ; Tamás Bényei: Remembering from Outside: A Response to Péter György’s Essay - 81 ; 3. Ungarische Erinnerungsorte im zentraleuropäischen Kontext - 89 ; István Bitskey: Ein religiöser Erinnerungsort in Mitteleuropa: Tyrnau (Nagyszombat, Trnava), das „Klein-Rom“ (Eine Fallstudie) - 90 ; Márta Fata: Erinnerungsort Bauernkrieg? Müntzer und Dózsa in der Geschichtspolitik der DDR und der Volksrepublik Ungarn im Vergleich - 101 ; 4. The Socio-Psychological Approach - 115 ; Ákos Münnich, István Hidegkuti: Structural Characteristics of Sites of National Memory - 11

Vulnerable Older Consumers: New Persuasion Knowledge Achievement Measure

This research describes a new persuasion knowledge measure for older consumers which can be applied for both diagnostic and preventive purposes. Persuasion knowledge refers to information, attitudes, beliefs and schemas guiding our behaviour in situations where persuasion is involved. Many older consumers belong to a specific, vulnerable group, who often fail to maintain their interest in persuasive situations, so the proposed measure could serve a better understanding of their behaviour. First, a new, situation-based achievement measure, entitled ‘Persuasion Knowledge Achievement Measure’ (PKAM), was developed in university samples (N=530) in several stages. Afterwards, the developed measure was adapted to older individuals, resulting in the Persuasion Knowledge Achievement Measure for Older People (PKAM-OP). Following a pilot study with personally-assisted data collection (N=50), the examinees were reached through an elderly care network in a two-stage procedure (N=183, N=116). The psychometric analyses of the data show a high level of reliability and validity for both tests. The results of the main research studies indicate that there are two subscales of the measure: ‘Agreeableness’ and ‘Persuasion Knowledge’. Based on the empirical data, the subscales provide reliable measures of features which guide behaviour in persuasive situations. In sum, PKAM-OP can fulfil theoretical and practical needs in research and prevention interventions focusing on older consumers