Apoptotic function of tumor-associated antigen RCAS1 in oral squamous cell carcinoma

BACKGROUND: Receptor-binding cancer antigen expressed on SiSo cell (RCAS1) is derived from uterine adenocarcinoma and can induce apoptosis in lymphocytes, allowing tumor cells to escape from immune surveillance. RCAS1 is reportedly expressed in a membranous pattern on tumor cell or soluble one in serum of patients. The aim of this study was to investigate expression patterns of RCAS1 and the effect on apoptosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cell lines. METHODS: In four kinds of OSCC cell lines (HSC-2, HSC-3, SQUU-A, and SQUU-B), RCAS1 mRNAs and proteins were determined by RT-PCR and immunocytochemistry. Membranous RCAS1 was determined by flow cytometry. Culture supernatants were analyzed for detection of soluble RCAS1 by dot blotting and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Apoptotic ability of RCAS1 on the erythroid leukemia cell line K562 with the putative receptor was evaluated by flow cytometry in co-culture with highly metastatic SQUU-B, with knocked-down RCAS1 cells or in a no-cell contact condition. RESULTS: RCAS1 mRNA and proteins were expressed in all of OSCC cell lines. Membranous pattern were expressed in all cell lines, while soluble pattern was detected in all supernatants. RCAS1 mRNA, membranous and soluble RCAS1 were significantly seen in SQUU-B more than the other 3 cell lines (P < 0.05). K562 apoptosis was induced in co-culture with each of all cell lines, particularly with SQUU-B. Apoptosis was markedly reduced in co-culture with RCAS1 knockdown cells, but was induced in co-culture without cell contract of SQUU-B. CONLUSIONS: Our study suggests that RCAS1 has an apoptotic function via membranous/soluble expression pattern in OSCC cells. RCAS1 may thus affect tumor escape from immune surveillance in OSCC by inducing apoptosis

A case of oncocytic papillary cystadenocarcinoma of the parotid gland—Pathological and molecular features of a rare tumor

AbstractWe present histological, immunohistochemical and molecular features of oncocytic papillary cystadenocarcinoma, a rare neoplasm of the salivary and parotid glands, in an 82-year-old Japanese man. The resected tumor was solid nodular mass with fibrous capsule. The tumor was composed of papillary proliferation of tall columnar cells with thin vascular cores. The cytoplasm of the tumor cells was granular and eosinophilic. The tumor cells showed clear positive reaction for mitochondria and androgen receptor. GCDFP15 and HER2 were negative. Electron microscopy demonstrated numerous mitochondria in the cytoplasm of the tumor cells. Ki-67 index was 30%. Most of the tumor cells were positive for TP53, and single nucleotide polymorphism was found at codon 151. The invasion into the lymphatic spaces and capsule was noted. Although recurrence and metastasis were not noted at one and a half years after the resection, the patient needs to be followed up under careful observation

若年女性の形態・体力および身体活動量の現状

　2004～2007年度「運動処方論実習」を履修した本学学生385名を対象に、本実習活動を通じて形態計測・肥痩度判定・体力測定・呼吸循環系機能測定・身体活動量調査を実施した。　形態計測の結果より算出したBMI値は約８割の者が標準と判定され、やせと判定された者は全国平均よりも少なかった。体力測定の結果より筋力系の指標である握力や立ち幅とびは、すべての測定年度において全国平均値より低かった。最大下運動での呼吸循環系機能の測定結果より､推定最大酸素摂取量の平均値は全国平均値と比較して高い値（40.45-41.68ml/kg/分）であった。しかしながら、半数以上の者は全国平均値と同程度であった。身体活動量調査の結果より歩行量は10,234±4022歩で、20-29歳女性の2004年全国平均値（6948±3897歩）よりも多かった。また、運動習慣のある者の割合は4.5%であり、全国平均よりも少なかった。　以上のことから、本学学生の多くは筋力不足であり、半数以上の者は全身持久力が低く、中強度以上の運動が不足している可能性が示唆された

Analysis of Immunity against Measles, Mumps, Rubella, and Varicella Zoster in Adult Recipients of Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: A Single-Center Experience

Vaccine-preventable disease (VPD) infections are more severe in immunocompromised hosts. Vaccination against measles, mumps, rubella, and varicella zoster (VZV) (MMRV) is therefore recommended for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HCT) recipients. However, studies on adult HCT recipients with VPD infections are limited. At our institution, we have systematically conducted serological MMRV tests as a part of check-up examinations during long-term follow-up (LTFU) after HCT since 2015. This retrospective study aimed to evaluate changes in the serostatus between before and 2 years after allogeneic HCT. Among 161 patients, the pre-transplant seropositivity was 82.7% for measles, 86.8% for mumps, 84.2% for rubella, and 94.3% for VZV. Among 56 patients who underwent LTFU including serological MMRV tests at 2 years after HCT, the percentages maintaining seroprotective antibody levels for measles, mumps, rubella and VZV were 71.5% (40/56), 51.8% (29/56), 48.2% (27/56), and 60.7% (34/56), respectively. Vaccination was recommended for 22 patients, and 12 were vaccinated. Among the 12 vaccinated patients, rates of seroconversion were examined in 2-6 patients for each of the four viruses. They were 100% (3/3) for measles, 33.3% (1/3) for mumps, 50% (3/6) for rubella, and 0% (0/2) for VZV. Further studies are warranted to clarify the effect of vaccination in adult HCT recipients

FLR analysis of MAGDAS data in North America

第2回極域科学シンポジウム/第35回極域宙空圏シンポジウム 11月15日（火） 国立極地研究所 2階大会議室前フロ

Estimation of radioactivity in single photon emission computed tomography for sentinel lymph node biopsy in a torso phantom study

Objectives: Number of lymph nodes to be removed are determined from residual counts. Estimating residual radioactivity in lymphatic nodes before a biopsy in advance is useful for reducing surgical operation time. The purpose of this study was to estimate total radioactivity of a small hot spot in single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) of a torso phantom. Methods: Cross-calibration study was performed to convert counts in SPECT images to radioactivity. A simulation study was performed to estimate the size of volume of interest (VOI) covering a hot spot corrupted with full width at half maximum (FWHM) between 8 and 16 mm. The estimation of total radioactivity was validated in a torso phantom study using small sources. Results: True radioactivity was approximately equal to integrated values of hot spots using the VOI with a diameter of 40 mm in our simulation study. The difference was less than18% in cases of more than 9.4 kBq. Conclusions: The total radioactivity in small sources simulating a typical sentinel node was estimated from SPECT images using a VOI of 40 mm in a torso phantom study. Because the difference from actual values were less than 10% on average when radioactivities were more than 9.4 kBq, the total radioactivity of a lymph node can be estimated in a clinical examination

Transformed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma from marginal zone lymphoma in the anterior mediastinum: A case report and review of the literature

Marginal zone lymphoma (MZL) arising from the anterior mediastinum is rare. In the majority of reported cases, the tumor was incidentally discovered, reflecting its indolent clinical features. We present a 38-year-old woman who had no medical history, and presented with a bulky anterior mediastinal tumor complicated by life-threatening compression of the vasculature and bronchi. Biopsy specimens of the neoplasm suggested transformed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) from MZL. To our best knowledge, this is the first case report of anterior mediastinum MZL associated with an aggressive clinical course and life-threatening complications likely due to transformation to DLBCL