Book Reviews

THE FAMILY IN INTERNATIONAL LAW: SOME EMERGING PROBLEMS Edited by R. Lillich Charlottesville: Michie, 1981. Pp. xii, 164 Reviewed by Stephen C. Hicks ================ TREATIES OF THE PEOPLE\u27S REPUBLIC OF CHINA, 1949-1978: AN ANNOTATED COMPILATION By Grant F. Rhode and Reid E. Whitlock Boulder, Colorado: Westview Press, 1980. Pp. ix, 207. $25.00. Reviewed by David A. Elder =============== STATE AND DIPLOMATIC IMMUNITY By Charles Lewis London: Lloyd\u27s Press of London, Ltd., 1980. Pp. xv, 135. 16f. Reviewed by Edward A. Lain

Converting unused agriculture facilities for aquaculture use: swine barn conversion for fish culture

Revised by Charles E. Hicks (Aquaculture Specialist (retired), Lincoln University), Robert A. Pierce II (Fisheries and Wildlife State Specialist, School of Natural Resources), David Brune (Professor, Plant Sciences and Technology)"Unused swine barns can be converted into facilities for rearing other profitable agricultural products, such as fish. The key to success is to identify markets for the products and spend as little as possible on the conversion."--Page 1.Charles E. Hicks (Aquaculture Specialist (retired), Lincoln University), Robert A. Pierce II (Fisheries and Wildlife State Specialist, School of Natural Resources), David Brune (Professor, Plant Sciences and Technology)Includes bibliographical reference

A z=0.9 supercluster of X-ray luminous, optically-selected, massive galaxy clusters

We report the discovery of a compact supercluster structure at z=0.9. The structure comprises three optically-selected clusters, all of which are detected in X-rays and spectroscopically confirmed to lie at the same redshift. The Chandra X-ray temperatures imply individual masses of ~5x10^14 Msun. The X-ray masses are consistent with those inferred from optical--X-ray scaling relations established at lower redshift. A strongly-lensed z~4 Lyman break galaxy behind one of the clusters allows a strong-lensing mass to be estimated for this cluster, which is in good agreement with the X-ray measurement. Optical spectroscopy of this cluster gives a dynamical mass in good agreement with the other independent mass estimates. The three components of the RCS2319+00 supercluster are separated from their nearest neighbor by a mere <3 Mpc in the plane of the sky and likely <10 Mpc along the line-of-sight, and we interpret this structure as the high-redshift antecedent of massive (~10^15 Msun) z~0.5 clusters such as MS0451.5-0305.Comment: ApJ Letters accepted. 5 pages in emulateapj, 3 figure

Lipid Rafts and Alzheimer’s Disease: Protein-Lipid Interactions and Perturbation of Signaling

Lipid rafts are membrane domains, more ordered than the bulk membrane and enriched in cholesterol and sphingolipids. They represent a platform for protein-lipid and protein–protein interactions and for cellular signaling events. In addition to their normal functions, including membrane trafficking, ligand binding (including viruses), axonal development and maintenance of synaptic integrity, rafts have also been implicated in the pathogenesis of several neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Lipid rafts promote interaction of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) with the secretase (BACE-1) responsible for generation of the amyloid β peptide, Aβ. Rafts also regulate cholinergic signaling as well as acetylcholinesterase and Aβ interaction. In addition, such major lipid raft components as cholesterol and GM1 ganglioside have been directly implicated in pathogenesis of the disease. Perturbation of lipid raft integrity can also affect various signaling pathways leading to cellular death and AD. In this review, we discuss modulation of APP cleavage by lipid rafts and their components, while also looking at more recent findings on the role of lipid rafts in signaling events

Distinguishing artefacts:evaluating the saturation point of convolutional neural networks

Prior work has shown Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) trained on surrogate Computer Aided Design (CAD) models are able to detect and classify real-world artefacts from photographs. The applications of which support twinning of digital and physical assets in design, including rapid extraction of part geometry from model repositories, information search \& retrieval and identifying components in the field for maintenance, repair, and recording. The performance of CNNs in classification tasks have been shown dependent on training data set size and number of classes. Where prior works have used relatively small surrogate model data sets ($<100$ models), the question remains as to the ability of a CNN to differentiate between models in increasingly large model repositories. This paper presents a method for generating synthetic image data sets from online CAD model repositories, and further investigates the capacity of an off-the-shelf CNN architecture trained on synthetic data to classify models as class size increases. 1,000 CAD models were curated and processed to generate large scale surrogate data sets, featuring model coverage at steps of 10$^{\circ}$, 30$^{\circ}$, 60$^{\circ}$, and 120$^{\circ}$ degrees. The findings demonstrate the capability of computer vision algorithms to classify artefacts in model repositories of up to 200, beyond this point the CNN's performance is observed to deteriorate significantly, limiting its present ability for automated twinning of physical to digital artefacts. Although, a match is more often found in the top-5 results showing potential for information search and retrieval on large repositories of surrogate models.Comment: 6 Pages, 5 Figures, 2 Tables, Conference, Design Engineering, CNN, Digital Twi