Task and Participant Scheduling of Trading Platforms in Vehicular Participatory Sensing Networks

The vehicular participatory sensing network (VPSN) is now becoming more and more prevalent, and additionally has shown its great potential in various applications. A general VPSN consists of many tasks from task, publishers, trading platforms and a crowd of participants. Some literature treats publishers and the trading platform as a whole, which is impractical since they are two independent economic entities with respective purposes. For a trading platform in markets, its purpose is to maximize the profit by selecting tasks and recruiting participants who satisfy the requirements of accepted tasks, rather than to improve the quality of each task. This scheduling problem for a trading platform consists of two parts: which tasks should be selected and which participants to be recruited? In this paper, we investigate the scheduling problem in vehicular participatory sensing with the predictable mobility of each vehicle. A genetic-based trading scheduling algorithm (GTSA) is proposed to solve the scheduling problem. Experiments with a realistic dataset of taxi trajectories demonstrate that GTSA algorithm is efficient for trading platforms to gain considerable profit in VPSN

Sequence Stratigraphy towards its standardization—an important scientific scheme

In the Post-Exxon Era of sequence stratigraphy, various sequence models for the complex stratigraphic records with their response mechanisms are developed. All the models with strong pertinence are endowed, which lead to misapprehension in the conceptual system. Therefore, the standardization of sequence stratigraphy with the aim to provide consistency in the terminology has become an important motive of modern sequence. During the development of sequence stratigraphy, the identification and distinction between normal and forced regression have laid important foundation for the system description of sequence development. This becomes the first step towards the standardization because of model-independent nature. The introduction of model-independent unconventional system tracts in fluvial sequence models, which are low- and high-accommodation system tracts, which turn out to be another successful attempt of towards the standardization of sequence stratigraphy. The four parts of stratigraphic records, which include the complexity and cyclicity in the stratigraphic accumulation process; the non-gradual change and the non-integrity of the stratigraphic records; the variability represented by the diversity of the sequence models and the nature of standardization including variability, will provide more clues and approaches for further sequence stratigraphy developmen

Propylsulfonic Acid Functionalized SBA-15 Mesoporous Silica as Efficient Catalysts for the Acetalization of Glycerol

As the main by-product obtained from biomass, glycerol could be converted into valuable chemicals. Tunable propylsulfonic acid functionalized SBA-15 and KIT-6 with different structural parameters have been prepared by different methods while using 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane (MPTMS) as the source of sulfur. The composition and structure of the synthesized catalysts have been well-characterized by N2 adsorption-desorption (BET), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The catalytic performance of the prepared catalysts have been evaluated and compared in glycerol acetalization with formaldehyde to the mixture of 1,3-dioxane-5-ol and 1,3-dioxolane-4-methanol. Optimum reaction parameters were investigated to enhance the yield of products and control the distribution of glycerol formals. More than 90% yield of cyclic acetals were obtained with the ratio of two isomers 5R to 6R of 42:58

Strong Solutions for the Fluid-Particle Interaction Model with Non-Newtonian Potential

This paper deals with a mathematical fluid-particle interaction model used to describing the evolution of particles dispersed in a viscous compressible non-Newtonian fluid. It is proved that the initial boundary value problems with vacuum admits a unique local strong solution in the dimensional case. The strong nonlinearity of the system brings us difficulties due to the fact that the viscosity term and non-Newtonian gravitational potential term are fully nonlinear

Memetic-Based Schedule Synthesis for Communication on Time-Triggered Embedded Systems

ime-triggered systems play an important role in industrial embedded systems. The time-triggered network is deployed on the time-triggered network-on-chip implementation. It ensures the safety-critical industrial communication for real-time embedded multiprocessor systems. To guarantee the safety-critical requirements for communication, each message is transmitted by a predefined static schedule. However, synthesizing a feasible schedule is a challenge because both spatial and temporal constraints should be considered. This article presents a novel memetic-based schedule synthesis algorithm to derive a feasible schedule by determining the offset of messages on the time-triggered network-on-chip. Memetic-based schedule synthesis algorithm is based on memetic algorithm, which incorporates local search in the iterations of general genetic algorithm. We compare memetic-based schedule synthesis algorithm with genetic algorithm in different scale of time-triggered network-on-chip and number of messages. The experimental results show that the memetic-based schedule synthesis algorithm is effective to synthesize a feasible schedule, and the failure schedule synthesized by memetic-based schedule synthesis algorithm is only 34.2% in average compared to the conventional genetic algorithm

Solvent-Free Selective Condensations Based on the Formation of the Olefinic (C=C) Bond Catalyzed by Organocatalyst

Pyrrolidine and its derivatives were used to catalyze aldol and Knoevenagel condensations for the formation of the olefinic (C=C) bond under solvent-free conditions. The 3-pyrrolidinamine showed high activity and afforded excellent yields of α,β-unsaturated compounds. The aldol condensation of aromatic/heterocyclic aldehydes with ketones affords enones in high conversion (99.5%) and selectivity (92.7%). Good to excellent yields of α,β-unsaturated compounds were obtained in the Knoevenagel condensation of aldehydes with methylene-activated substrates