Gauge Theories in Particle Physics: A Practical Introduction, Fourth Edition - 2 Volume set

The fourth edition of this well-established, highly regarded two-volume set continues to provide a fundamental introduction to advanced particle physics while incorporating substantial new experimental results, especially in the areas of CP violation and neutrino oscillations. It offers an accessible and practical introduction to the three gauge theories included in the Standard Model of particle physics: quantum electrodynamics (QED), quantum chromodynamics (QCD), and the Glashow-Salam-Weinberg (GSW) electroweak theory. In the first volume, a new chapter on Lorentz transformations and discrete symmetries presents a simple treatment of Lorentz transformations of Dirac spinors. Along with updating experimental results, this edition also introduces Majorana fermions at an early stage, making the material suitable for a first course in relativistic quantum mechanics. Covering much of the experimental progress made in the last ten years, the second volume remains focused on the two non-Abelian quantum gauge field theories of the Standard Model: QCD and the GSW electroweak theory. A new chapter on CP violation and oscillation phenomena describes CP violation in B-meson decays as well as the main experiments that have led to our current knowledge of mass-squared differences and mixing angles for neutrinos. Exploring a new era in particle physics, this edition discusses the exciting discovery of a boson with properties consistent with those of the Standard Model Higgs boson. It also updates many other topics, including jet algorithms, lattice QCD, effective Lagrangians, and three-generation quark mixing and the CKM matrix. This revised and updated edition provides a self-contained pedagogical treatment of the subject, from relativistic quantum mechanics to the frontiers of the Standard Model. For each theory, the authors discuss the main conceptual points, detail many practical calculations of physical quantities from first principles, and compare these quantitative predictions with experimental results, helping readers improve both their calculation skills and physical insight

Gauge Theories in Particle Physics: A Practical Introduction, Volume 2: Non-Abelian Gauge Theories

Volume 2 of this revised and updated edition provides an accessible and practical introduction to the two non-Abelian quantum gauge field theories of the Standard Model of particle physics: quantum chromodynamics (QCD) and the Glashow-Salam-Weinberg (GSW) electroweak theory.This volume covers much of the experimental progress made in the last ten

Gauge Theories in Particle Physics: A Practical Introduction, Volume 1

Volume 1 of this revised and updated edition provides an accessible and practical introduction to the first gauge theory included in the Standard Model of particle physics: quantum electrodynamics (QED).The book includes self-contained presentations of electromagnetism as a gauge theory as well as relativistic quantum mechanics. It provides a uniq

Investigation of hospital discharge cases and SARS-CoV-2 introduction into Lothian care homes

Background The first epidemic wave of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) in Scotland resulted in high case numbers and mortality in care homes. In Lothian, over one-third of care homes reported an outbreak, while there was limited testing of hospital patients discharged to care homes. Aim To investigate patients discharged from hospitals as a source of SARS-CoV-2 introduction into care homes during the first epidemic wave. Methods A clinical review was performed for all patients discharges from hospitals to care homes from 1st March 2020 to 31st May 2020. Episodes were ruled out based on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) test history, clinical assessment at discharge, whole-genome sequencing (WGS) data and an infectious period of 14 days. Clinical samples were processed for WGS, and consensus genomes generated were used for analysis using Cluster Investigation and Virus Epidemiological Tool software. Patient timelines were obtained using electronic hospital records. Findings In total, 787 patients discharged from hospitals to care homes were identified. Of these, 776 (99%) were ruled out for subsequent introduction of SARS-CoV-2 into care homes. However, for 10 episodes, the results were inconclusive as there was low genomic diversity in consensus genomes or no sequencing data were available. Only one discharge episode had a genomic, time and location link to positive cases during hospital admission, leading to 10 positive cases in their care home. Conclusion The majority of patients discharged from hospitals were ruled out for introduction of SARS-CoV-2 into care homes, highlighting the importance of screening all new admissions when faced with a novel emerging virus and no available vaccine

Polarization in electron-proton scattering

This thesis is concerned with polarization effects in elastic electron-proton scattering. The principal results are summarized below. A general polarization analysis of high-energy electron-proton scattering is first presented, and the problem of a 'complete set' of experiments, which allow a unique determination of the elastic scattering matrix at one energy and scattering angle, is discussed. A straightforward reconstruction procedure is shown to be inadequate when an expansion of the strength of interaction in powers of andalpha;, the fine structure constant, is reasonable: an alternative procedure for this case involves using both electron and positron scattering experiments. Although the experimental evidence for the one-photon-exchange approximation in electron-proton scattering is generally accepted to be very good, from a strictly logical point of view the analysis is incomplete and does not permit an unambiguous determination of the two-photon-exchange amplitudes. It is shown that measurement of various polarization tensors for both electron and positron scattering could eliminate the ambiguity. Some interesting polarization experiments are then considered, in the one-photon-exchange approximation. A specific experiment is suggested to measure the electric form factor of the proton GE, and explicit expressions are derived for the proton depolarization tensor. In the time-like region, the form factors are not restricted to real values and a 'generalized' polarization-asymmetry relation for the two crossed-channel processes, PP andrarr; e+eandminus; and e+eandminus; andrarr; PP, may be derived. Violation of this relation would represent a violation of time-reversal-invariance and JCP-invariance. The polarization of the recoil proton in elastic electron-proton scattering is strictly zero in the one-photon-exchange approximation: any non-zero polarization must, to lowest order in andalpha;, arise from interference of the one-photon-exchange amplitudes with two-photon-exchange amplitudes. The contribution to the polarization of the two-photon-exchange amplitude with an elastic intermediate state, is calculated for arbitrary form factors for the proton. Numerical results are displayed for two interesting parameterizations of the form factors. This elastic effect is expected to be a good approximation to the polarization up to energies where the production of inelastic states becomes important. A rigorous upper bound is derived for the contribution to the polarization, of all two-photon amplitudes involving multi-particle intermediate states: the bound involves measurable inelastic electron-proton cross sections. However, a rough numerical estimate shows the bound has very limited usefulness, since it leads to very large bounds at large momentum-transfers.</p

Gauge theories in particle physics : a practical introduction (volume 2 : Non-Abelian gauge theories QCD and the electroweak theory)

xiv, 504 p. ; 24 c

Gauge Theories in Particle Physics: A Practical Introduction, Fourth Edition - 2 Volume set

The fourth edition of this well-established, highly regarded two-volume set continues to provide a fundamental introduction to advanced particle physics while incorporating substantial new experimental results, especially in the areas of CP violation and neutrino oscillations. It offers an accessible and practical introduction to the three gauge theories included in the Standard Model of particle physics: quantum electrodynamics (QED), quantum chromodynamics (QCD), and the Glashow-Salam-Weinberg (GSW) electroweak theory. In the first volume, a new chapter on Lorentz transformations and discrete symmetries presents a simple treatment of Lorentz transformations of Dirac spinors. Along with updating experimental results, this edition also introduces Majorana fermions at an early stage, making the material suitable for a first course in relativistic quantum mechanics. Covering much of the experimental progress made in the last ten years, the second volume remains focused on the two non-Abelian quantum gauge field theories of the Standard Model: QCD and the GSW electroweak theory. A new chapter on CP violation and oscillation phenomena describes CP violation in B-meson decays as well as the main experiments that have led to our current knowledge of mass-squared differences and mixing angles for neutrinos. Exploring a new era in particle physics, this edition discusses the exciting discovery of a boson with properties consistent with those of the Standard Model Higgs boson. It also updates many other topics, including jet algorithms, lattice QCD, effective Lagrangians, and three-generation quark mixing and the CKM matrix. This revised and updated edition provides a self-contained pedagogical treatment of the subject, from relativistic quantum mechanics to the frontiers of the Standard Model. For each theory, the authors discuss the main conceptual points, detail many practical calculations of physical quantities from first principles, and compare these quantitative predictions with experimental results, helping readers improve both their calculation skills and physical insight

Gauge Theories in Particle Physics: A Practical Introduction, Volume 2: Non-Abelian Gauge Theories

Volume 2 of this revised and updated edition provides an accessible and practical introduction to the two non-Abelian quantum gauge field theories of the Standard Model of particle physics: quantum chromodynamics (QCD) and the Glashow-Salam-Weinberg (GSW) electroweak theory.This volume covers much of the experimental progress made in the last ten