The Search for Effective and Cost-Efficient Housing Strategies: Enforcing Housing Condition Standards Through Code Inspections at Time of Sale or Transfer

Federal funding for housing programs in the United States has been cut about seventy-five percent during the 1980s compared to funding levels in the 1970s. This reduction in federal support has meant that local governments, which rely heavily on federal housing funds and are relied upon to carry out federal housing policies at the local level, have been forced to look to alternative housing strategies and funding sources

Providing Low and Moderate Income Housing Through Non-Profit Housing Associations: Lessons from the British

The conflicting needs of associations and government-separation from government versus control over public funds--led to the creation in 1964 of a national Housing Corporation. Its functions are to promote and register associations, to channel funds, and to monitor association activities. This system of registration, cost limits, and individual project review has been remarkably effective in assuring proper use of the substantial subsidies that have stimulated the rapid and significant contributions of associations

The Model Cities Program

The period from 1961 through 1965 saw a dramatic increase in the number of federal grant-in-aid programs and the total federal funding levels directed at curing the ills of the urban community. There was a persistent anxiety, however, that, despite the proliferation of new drugs administered to the patient for his array of symptoms, the progress was not satisfactory, and that time was running out. In October, 1965, a Task Force on Urban Problems was appointed by President Johnson to study urban problems and recommend action. The Task Force looked at the prior efforts and decided a new approach was necessary-a treatment to be commenced in selected cities as a demonstration. They recommended that the federal, state and local medicine men consult with each other in order to develop a program of drug therapy which would be comprehensive, and coordinated. They also recommended that massive new types and higher dosage levels of drugs were necessary if the patient was to be revitalized. The basic Task Force recommendation was accepted by the President and presented to the Congress in his message of January 26, 1966. A proposed Demonstration Cities Act of 1966 was introduced into Congress, which was later consolidated with other provisions into an omnibus bill, and finally was enacted as Title I of the Demonstration Cities and Metropolitan Development Act of 1966. As HUD commenced to implement the new program, it was given its popular name, the Model Cities Program, a designation not appearing in the Act. This article presents this, program in its historical perspective and its posture as developed administratively by the Johnson Administration. Its full potential and direction will unfold during the Nixon Administration. Secretary of Housing and Urban Development, George W. Romney, has endorsed the concept underlying the Program and announced Presidential approval of certain revisions in the administration of the Program.\u2

Subgingival debridement efficacy of glycine powder air polishing

Background: Glycine powder air polishing (GPAP) has been shown to be significantly more effective in reducing the subgingival cultivable microflora in shallow periodontal pockets compared to curets and is safe when applied directly to root surfaces. The purpose of this study was to assess the subgingival debridement efficacy of GPAP in periodontal pockets with various depths. Methods: In each of 60 patients with severe periodontitis, one tooth with a probing depth (PD) ≥6 mm was randomly assigned to one of the following interventions: GPAP performed in teeth instrumented 3 months earlier (I); GPAP performed in previously non-instrumented teeth (NI); or no treatment (control). GPAP was performed for 5 seconds per surface. After extraction, teeth were stained with 0.5% toluidine blue, and subgingival debridement efficacy was assessed. Results: Overall, median debridement depth was 2.00 mm in I teeth and 1.86 mm in NI teeth, and the median debrided root surface was 49.24% and 45.64%, respectively. In anatomic PDs (APDs) of 2 to 3 mm, relative debridement depth (debridement depth/APD) ranged from 65% to 80% and 60% to 75% in 1 and NI teeth, respectively; the corresponding values for debrided root surface were 60% to 70% and 50% to 60%. In control teeth, virtually all subgingival root surfaces were stained. Clinical PD measurements were a median of 1.05 mm deeper than APD. Conclusion: GPAP for 5 seconds per surface is effective in removing most of the subgingival biofilm in periodontal pockets with an APD ≤3 mm.link_to_subscribed_fulltex

Housing and Community Development: Cases and Materials. 4th ed.

The fourth edition of Housing and Community Development presents a fresh and comprehensive look at housing law and policy with full coverage of the foreclosure crisis and its aftermath, exploring housing policies and neighborhood revitalization policies to address the new urban reality. It also discusses the issue of sustainability and the relationship between community development, housing, and climate change. The book contains materials covering housing policy and litigation; tenants\u27 rights in the private and public spheres; urban redevelopment, including a comprehensive look at Kelo v. New London, including its setting and aftermath; and a completely revised section of the book on neighborhood revitalization and investment. The materials on fair housing and discrimination reflect many recent debates, including school desegregation, affirmative action, subprime and other variations of predatory lending, and other issues touching on race, class, disability, and familial bias.https://engagedscholarship.csuohio.edu/scholbks/1095/thumbnail.jp