Cross-Sectional Analysis of Sediment and Organic Matter from Transects Across the Lower Unchannelized Missouri River

The United States Army Corps of Engineers, U.S. Geological Survey, and Nebraska Game and Parks Commission cooperated in 1989 to obtain physical data from cross-section transects along the unchannelized Missouri River in northeastern Nebraska. Bed-sediment samples were collected from locations along these transects and taken to the laboratory. Mean particle-size and standard deviation were determined by weighing material retained on seven U.S. Standard sieves after being on a sieve shaker for six minutes. Organic matter content of each sample was obtained by ashing an aliquot in a muffle furnace to remove the organic portion. A new system for coding sediment mixtures was developed, and coded sediment and organic matter content were compared with depth and velocity in a regression analysis. The most common mean particle-size was determined to be medium sand; however, some samples were as coarse as fine gravel. Organic-matter content was less then 3% for the most part; however, it was measured as high as 20%. Sediment and organic matter were related to depth and velocity; however, r-square values were low, suggesting that other factors contribute to the observed variability in the sediment mixtures and organic matter content

Cross-Sectional Analysis of Sediment and Organic Matter from Transects Across the Lower Unchannelized Missouri River

The United States Army Corps of Engineers, U.S. Geological Survey, and Nebraska Game and Parks Commission cooperated in 1989 to obtain physical data from cross-section transects along the unchannelized Missouri River in northeastern Nebraska. Bed-sediment samples were collected from locations along these transects and taken to the laboratory. Mean particle-size and standard deviation were determined by weighing material retained on seven U.S. Standard sieves after being on a sieve shaker for six minutes. Organic matter content of each sample was obtained by ashing an aliquot in a muffle furnace to remove the organic portion. A new system for coding sediment mixtures was developed, and coded sediment and organic matter content were compared with depth and velocity in a regression analysis. The most common mean particle-size was determined to be medium sand; however, some samples were as coarse as fine gravel. Organic-matter content was less then 3% for the most part; however, it was measured as high as 20%. Sediment and organic matter were related to depth and velocity; however, r-square values were low, suggesting that other factors contribute to the observed variability in the sediment mixtures and organic matter content

First identification of porcine parvovirus 6 in North America by viral metagenomic sequencing of serum from pigs infected with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus

Citation: Schirtzinger, E. E., Suddith, A. W., Hause, B. M., & Hesse, R. A. (2015). First identification of porcine parvovirus 6 in North America by viral metagenomic sequencing of serum from pigs infected with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus. Virology Journal, 12, 10. doi:10.1186/s12985-015-0401-6Background: Currently, eight species in four genera of parvovirus have been described that infect swine. These include ungulate protoparvovirus 1 (classical porcine parvovirus, PPV), ungulate tetraparvovirus 2 (PPV3), ungulate tetraparvovirus 3 (which includes PPV2, porcine hokovirus, porcine partetravirus and porcine PARV4), ungulate copiparvovirus 2 (which includes PPV4 and PPV5), ungulate bocaparvovirus 2 (which includes porcine bocavirus 1, 2 and 6), ungulate bocaparvovirus 3 (porcine bocavirus 5), ungulate bocaparvovirus 4 (porcine bocavirus 7) and ungulate bocaparvovirus 5 (porcine bocavirus 3, 4-1 and 4-2). PPV6, the most recently described porcine parvovirus, was first identified in China in late 2014 in aborted pig fetuses. Prevalence of PPV6 in China was found to be similar in finishing age pigs from farms with and without evidence of swine reproductive failure. Methods: Porcine parvovirus 6 (PPV6) was detected by sequence-independent single primer amplification (SISPA) and confirmed by overlapping and real-time PCR in the serum of porcine reproductive and respiratory virus (PRRSv) positive samples. Results: Seven nearly complete genomes of PPV6 were identified in PRRSv genotype 2 positive serum samples submitted to state veterinary diagnostic laboratories in 2014. Further testing using overlapping and real-time PCR determined PPV6 to be present in 13.2 % of the serums tested. Additionally, PPV6 was present in samples from all of the geographic locations sampled encompassing nine states in the United States and one state in Mexico. The presence of PPV6 in serum indicates that the PPV6 infection is disseminated and not localized to a specific tissue type. Alignments of the near full length genomes, NS1, and capsid genes identified one of the five PPV6 isolates from China (98.6-99.5 % identity with the North American strains) to be the North American strains nearest relative. Conclusions: These results are the first to report the presence of PPV6 in North America and demonstrate that the virus is found in multiple geographic areas in the United States and in Mexico. The overall prevalence of PPV6 in PRRSv viremic animals is relatively low. Further, all of the PPV6 genomes found in North America are most closely related to a PPV6 strain first identified in 2014 in healthy pigs from the Tianjin province of China

Resonant Absorption in the AGN spectra emerging from photoionized gas: differences between steep and flat ionizing continua

We present photoionization models accounting for both photoelectric and resonant absorption. Resonance absorption lines from C, O, Ne, Mg, Si S and Fe between 0.1 and 10 keV are treated. In particular we consider the complex of almost 60 strong Fe L absorption lines around 1 keV. We calculate profiles, intensities and equivalent widths of each line, considering both Doppler and natural broadening mechanisms. Doppler broadening includes a term accounting for turbulence of the gas along the line of sight. We computed spectra transmitted by gas illuminated by drastically different ionizing continua and compared them to spectra observed in flat X-ray spectrum, broad optical emission line type 1 AGN, and steep X-ray spectrum, narrow optical emission line type 1 AGN. We show that the $\sim 1$ keV absorption feature observed in moderate resolution X-ray spectra of several Narrow Line Seyfert 1 galaxies can be explained by photoionization models, taking into account for resonance absorption, without requiring relativistic outflowing velocities of the gas, if the physical properties of these absorbers are close to those found in flat X-ray spectrum Seyfert 1 galaxies.Comment: 22 pages, 10 figures. Accepted for publication on Ap

Evaluating Matrix Circuits

The circuit evaluation problem (also known as the compressed word problem) for finitely generated linear groups is studied. The best upper bound for this problem is $\mathsf{coRP}$, which is shown by a reduction to polynomial identity testing. Conversely, the compressed word problem for the linear group $\mathsf{SL}_3(\mathbb{Z})$ is equivalent to polynomial identity testing. In the paper, it is shown that the compressed word problem for every finitely generated nilpotent group is in $\mathsf{DET} \subseteq \mathsf{NC}^2$. Within the larger class of polycyclic groups we find examples where the compressed word problem is at least as hard as polynomial identity testing for skew arithmetic circuits

A copper-catalyzed asymmetric oxime propargylation enables the synthesis of the gliovirin tetrahydro-1,2-oxazine core

The bicyclic tetrahydro-1,2-oxazine subunit of gliovirin is synthesized through a diastereoselective copper-catalyzed cyclization of an N-hydroxyamino ester. Oxidative elaboration to the fully functionalized bicycle was achieved through a series of mild transformations. Central to this approach was the development of the first catalytic, enantioselective propargylation of an oxime to furnish a key N-hydroyxamino ester intermediate

The Seyfert-Starburst Connection in X-rays. II. Results and Implications

We present the results of X-ray imaging and spectroscopic analysis of a sample of Seyfert 2 galaxies that contain starbursts, based on their optical and UV characteristics. These composite galaxies exhibit extended, soft, thermal X-ray emission, which we attribute to their starburst components. Comparing their X-ray and far-infrared properties with ordinary Seyfert and starburst galaxies, we identify the spectral characteristics of their various intrinsic emission sources. The observed far-infrared emission of the composite galaxies may be associated almost exclusively with star formation, rather than the active nucleus. The ratio of the hard X-ray luminosity to the far-infrared and [O III] 5007 luminosity distinguishes most of these composite galaxies from ``pure'' Seyfert 2 galaxies, while their total observed hard X-ray luminosity distinguishes them from ``pure'' starbursts. The hard nuclear X-ray source is generally heavily absorbed (N_H > 10^{23} cm^{-2}) in the composite galaxies. Based on these results, we suggest that the interstellar medium of the nuclear starburst is a significant source of absorption. The majority of the sample are located in groups or are interacting with other galaxies, which may trigger the starburst or allow rapid mass infall to the central black hole, or both. We conclude that starbursts are energetically important in a significant fraction of active galaxies, and starbursts and active galactic nuclei may be part of a common evolutionary sequence.Comment: 16 pages including 8 figures and 5 tables; to appear in the ApJ, Mar. 10, 200

The Iowa Homemaker vol.1, no.5-6

Table of Contents Dean MacKay Takes Well Earned Vacaion by F. W. Beckman, page 1 Playing the Game of Health With Yardstick and Scales by Grace McIlrath and Gladys Dodge, page 2 A Parent-Teacher Association in Every School! by Carolyne E. Forgrave, page 3 Artificial Feeding of Infants Up-to-Date by Belle Lowe, page 4 Making the Most of Your Old Reed Furniture by Glenna Hesse, page 5 The “Little House” That You Will Like by Helen Paschal, page 6 “The High School Girls’ Clothes Line” a Playlet, page 7 Practical Phases of the Love Nest by Eda Lord Murphy, page 8 Putting the Jell Into Jellies and Jams by Millie Lerdall, page

Single-shot, high-dose rabbit ATG for rejection prophylaxis after kidney transplantation

We studied the effects of a single intravenous injection of rabbit ATG (RIVM, Bilthoven, The Netherlands) in a dose of 8 mg/kg body weight administered 6 h after kidney transplantation on graft survival, rejection incidence, T-cell subsets, and cost-effectiveness. A total of 58 (37 male/21 female) consecutive renal allograft recipients were entered in this trial. Treatment results were compared with 56 patients treated with intravenous cyclosporin (CyA). In all patients concomitant medication consisted of steroids and azathioprine, followed by oral CyA. Following rabbit ATG, T cells (WT31) quickly disappeared from the peripheral blood and a return to greater than 100/mm3 was observed at a median of 7 (range 3–21) days. Graft survival was the same in both groups, as was the incidence of primary nonfunction. The rate of acute rejection was significantly lower in the rabbit ATG-treated patients (12 % vs 50%). We conclude that a single shot of rabbit ATG is an attractive, easy, and cost-effective induction scheme with a low incidence of delayed graft function and acute rejection episodes. A relatively high incidence of vascular thrombosis of the graft, however, warrants further study before this treatment regimen can be generally applied