SHIP DESIGN AND PRODUCTION FACILITIES: COST-EFFECTIVENESS ANALYSIS OF ACHIEVING A 355-SHIP FLEET

The current goal for the United States Navy is to achieve a 355-ship fleet by 2034 and 500 ships by 2045, according to the March 2020 Report to Congress on the Annual Long-Range Plan for Construction of Naval Vessels for Fiscal Year 2020. To achieve this goal, ship service lives will need to be extended and shipbuilding will need to occur. Given the current budgetary constraint, this project explores the cost effectiveness between four approaches to vessel construction: 1) U.S. naval designs built at U.S. yards, 2) commercial and foreign designs built at U.S. yards, 3) foreign designs built at partner foreign yards, and 4) commercial U.S. designs built at foreign yards. The cost effectiveness analysis took into account the need to preserve the U.S. naval industrial base as well as economic benefits and other advantages and disadvantages of U.S. shipbuilding as opposed to foreign shipbuilding for various design types. Based on the Constellation Class Frigate design, analysis indicates that the United States produces warships at a greater cost than its fellow European NATO member states. The United States is also less productive and maintains a lower capacity to produce warships. This analysis provides reasonable evidence to shift production of warships overseas, but it must be done in a balanced way that maximizes the cost-savings and allows the United States to continue to lead the way in next-generation technology.Lieutenant, United States NavyLieutenant, United States NavyApproved for public release. distribution is unlimite

The classification of irreducible admissible mod p representations of a p-adic GL_n

Let F be a finite extension of Q_p. Using the mod p Satake transform, we define what it means for an irreducible admissible smooth representation of an F-split p-adic reductive group over \bar F_p to be supersingular. We then give the classification of irreducible admissible smooth GL_n(F)-representations over \bar F_p in terms of supersingular representations. As a consequence we deduce that supersingular is the same as supercuspidal. These results generalise the work of Barthel-Livne for n = 2. For general split reductive groups we obtain similar results under stronger hypotheses.Comment: 55 pages, to appear in Inventiones Mathematica

Alternative axiomatics and complexity of deliberative STIT theories

We propose two alternatives to Xu's axiomatization of the Chellas STIT. The first one also provides an alternative axiomatization of the deliberative STIT. The second one starts from the idea that the historic necessity operator can be defined as an abbreviation of operators of agency, and can thus be eliminated from the logic of the Chellas STIT. The second axiomatization also allows us to establish that the problem of deciding the satisfiability of a STIT formula without temporal operators is NP-complete in the single-agent case, and is NEXPTIME-complete in the multiagent case, both for the deliberative and the Chellas' STIT.Comment: Submitted to the Journal of Philosophical Logic; 13 pages excluding anne

Comprehensive Assessment of GPR68 Expression in Normal and Neoplastic Human Tissues Using a Novel Rabbit Monoclonal Antibody

GPR68 (OGR1) belongs to the proton-sensing G protein-coupled receptors that are involved in cellular adaptations to pH changes during tumour development. Although expression of GPR68 has been described in many tumour cell lines, little is known about its presence in human tumour entities. We characterised the novel rabbit monoclonal anti-human GPR68 antibody 16H23L16 using various cell lines and tissue specimens. The antibody was then applied to a large series of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded normal and neoplastic human tissue samples. Antibody specificity was demonstrated in a Western blot analysis of GPR68-expressing cells using specific siRNAs. Immunocytochemical experiments revealed pH-dependent changes in subcellular localisation of the receptor and internalisation after stimulation with lorazepam. In normal tissue, GPR68 was present in glucagon-producing islet cells, neuroendocrine cells of the intestinal tract, gastric glands, granulocytes, macrophages, muscle layers of arteries and arterioles, and capillaries. GPR68 was also expressed in neuroendocrine tumours, where it may be a positive prognostic factor, in pheochromocytomas, cervical adenocarcinomas, and endometrial cancer, as well as in paragangliomas, medullary thyroid carcinomas, gastrointestinal stromal tumours, and pancreatic adenocarcinomas. Often, tumour capillaries were also strongly GPR68-positive. The novel antibody 16H23L16 will be a valuable tool for basic research and for identifying GPR68-expressing tumours during histopathological examinations