58 research outputs found

    E2F1 activates p53 transcription through its distal site and participates in apoptosis induction in HPV-positive cells

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    AbstractThe p53 tumor suppressor protein, one of the most extensively studied proteins, plays a pivotal role in cellular checkpoints that respond to DNA damage to prevent tumorigenesis. However, the transcriptional control of the p53 gene has not been fully characterized. We report that the transcription factor E2F1 binds only to the E2F1 distal site of the p53 promoter in the human papillomavirus positive carcinoma HeLa cell line. Moreover, we showed that etoposide, a DNA damaging agent, activates p53 transcription through the E2F1 pathway. This increase correlates with apoptosis induction as disruption of this pathway led to reduced apoptosis stimulation by the DNA damaging agent

    Alternative-splicing-based bicistronic vectors for ratio-controlled protein expression and application to recombinant antibody production

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    In the last decade polycistronic vectors have become essential tools for both basic science and gene therapy applications. In order to co-express heterologous polypeptides, different systems have been developed from Internal Ribosome Entry Site (IRES) based vectors to the use of the 2A peptide. Unfortunately, these methods are not fully suitable for the efficient and reproducible modulation of the ratio between the proteins of interest. Here we describe a novel bicistronic vector type based on the use of alternative splicing. By modifying the consensus sequence that governs splicing, we demonstrate that the ratio between the synthesized proteins could easily vary from 1 : 10 to 10 : 1. We have established this system with luciferase genes and we extended its application to the production of recombinant monoclonal antibodies. We have shown that these vectors could be used in several typical cell lines with similar efficiencies. We also present an adaptation of these vectors to hybrid alternative splicing/IRES constructs that allow a ratio-controlled expression of proteins of interest in stably transfected cell lines

    An upstream open reading frame within an IRES controls expression of a specific VEGF-A isoform

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    Vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) is a potent secreted mitogen critical for physiological and pathological angiogenesis. Regulation of VEGF-A occurs at multiple levels, including transcription, mRNA stabilization, splicing, translation and differential cellular localization of various isoforms. Recent advances in our understanding of the posttranscriptional regulation of VEGF-A are comprised of the identification of stabilizing mRNA-binding proteins and the discovery of two internal ribosomal entry sites (IRES) as well as two alternative initiation codons in the 5â€ČUTR of the VEGF-A mRNA. We have previously reported that VEGF-A translation initiation at both the AUG and CUG codons is dependent on the exon content of the coding region. In this report, we show that the expression of different VEGF-A isoforms is regulated by a small upstream open reading frame (uORF) located within an internal ribosome entry site, which is translated through a cap-independent mechanism. This uORF acts as a cis-regulatory element that regulates negatively the expression of the VEGF 121 isoform. Our data provide a framework for understanding how VEGF-A mRNAs are translated, and how the production of the VEGF 121 isoform is secured under non-hypoxic environmental conditions

    Etude de l'initiation de la traduction du VEGF humain

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    TOULOUSE3-BU Sciences (315552104) / SudocSudocFranceF

    MicroARN et hypoxie (Ă©tude du contrĂŽle de l'expression de HIF-1alpha et du VEGF)

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    Une diminution de la pression en oxygĂšne, appelĂ©e hypoxie, constitue un changement environnemental qui induit des modifications majeures de l'expression gĂ©nique, principalement orchestrĂ©es par le facteur de transcription HIF-1 (HIF-1alpha et HIF-1beta). Il permet la transduction de nombreux gĂšnes en hypoxie, comme le vegf. Le VEGF est un facteur angiogĂ©nique dont l'inhibition constitue un traitement anticancĂ©reux en plein essor. L'objet de cette thĂšse porte sur l'Ă©tude du rĂŽle des microARN (miARN) dans la rĂ©gulation de l'expression des gĂšnes codant pour HIF-1a et VEGF. Les miARN sont des petits ARN non codants, participant Ă  la rĂ©gulation de l'expression gĂ©nique. Cette Ă©tude a permis de dĂ©montrer que 1- miR-16 inhibe la traduction du VEGF, via la liaison directe d'un site prĂ©sent dans sa rĂ©gion 3'UTR. 2- miR-16 inhibe sĂ©lectivement la traduction du VEGF initiĂ©e Ă  l'IRES-B. 3- miARN peut contrĂŽler diffĂ©rents types d'initiation de la traduction et ce, au sein d'un mĂȘme transcrits. 4- sur un plan physiologique, miR-16 inhibe l'expression des formes les plus diffusibles du VEGF. 5- miR-16 rĂ©gule positivement l'accumulation de la protĂ©ine HiF-1a en s'associant Ă  celle-ci. 6- cet effet positif passe par une voie originale puisqu'il s'agit de l'effet directe d'un miARN sur une protĂ©ine. 7- dans un modĂšle de xĂ©nogreffe, l'inhibition de miR-16 inhibe la croissance tumorale en bloquant l'accumulation et donc l'activitĂ© de HIF-1a dans les tumeurs. miR-16 est donc un miARN fondamental dans la rĂ©gulation de l'angiogenĂšse puisqu'il opĂšre dans une boucle de rĂ©trocontrĂŽle oĂč il rĂ©gule positivement l'expression de HIF-1a et nĂ©gativement celle du VEGF dont une expression excessive qui serait dĂ©lĂ©tĂšre.TOULOUSE3-BU Sciences (315552104) / SudocSudocFranceF

    Etude de nouveaux partenaires protéiques du facteur de croissance fibroblastique 2 humain (translokine et FIB)

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    TOULOUSE3-BU Sciences (315552104) / SudocSudocFranceF
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