Entrenamiento combinado de electroestimulación concéntrica y pliometría frente a entrenamiento voluntario

Se analizó si el entrenamiento con electroestimulación neuromuscular (EENM) dinámica podría mejora la velocidad, la fuerza explosiva y la fuerza máxima. Se formaron 5 grupos de entrenamiento: EENM concéntrica (Ed), EENM concéntrica más pliometría (EdP), voluntario (V), voluntario con pliometría (VP) y grupo control (GC). Los grupos experimentales entrenaron el cuádriceps durante 4 semanas (16 sesiones), valorándose el tiempo de carrera en 20 m (T-20), los saltos verticales SJ y CMJ y la fuerza máxima isométrica de los extensores de la rodilla (FMI). Los protocolos de entrenamiento realizados no modificaron los tests T-20, SJ ni CMJ, pero se observaron incrementos significativos en la FMI (+30.5% entre T1 y T2 y entre T1 y T3). La EENM dinámica parece no mejorar las acciones explosivas y de velocidad, sin embargo mejora la fuerza máxima isométrica en la misma cuantía que lo hace el entrenamiento voluntario

Clostridioides difficile infection in a long-term convalescence hospital: A real tale of pitfalls and outdated therapy

Objective. The aim of the study was to know the char-acteristics and risk factors of Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) in a long-term hospital is key to improve its manage-ment. Material and methods. Retrospective study with 37 pa-tients, along 43 months. We describe demographic variables, clinical data, time to diagnosis, treatment, and evolution. Results. Analysis of 46 episodes (37 patients, mean age=82.2 years). 77.8% were absolutely dependent, 41.7% had chronic kidney disease, 64.9% had received antibiotics in the previous three months, 40.5% received antibiotics at diagnosis. It was the first episode in 78.4%, and first recurrence in 21.6%. Therapy was started in the first 24 hours after diagnosis in 89.2%, mostly metronidazole. 83.3% recovered, 3 patients died from CDI, diagnosis was registered in the discharge report in 91.1%. Conclusions. Previous antibiotic therapy, high grade of dependency and renal failure were the main risk factors. There is room for improvement in CDI management at our hospital. Objective. The aim of the study was to know the characteristics and risk factors of Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) in a long-term hospital is key to improve its management. Material and methods. Retrospective study with 37 patients, along 43 months. We describe demographic variables, clinical data, time to diagnosis, treatment, and evolution. Results. Analysis of 46 episodes (37 patients, mean age=82.2 years). 77.8% were absolutely dependent, 41.7% had chronic kidney disease, 64.9% had received antibiotics in the previous three months, 40.5% received antibiotics at diagnosis. It was the first episode in 78.4%, and first recurrence in 21.6%. Therapy was started in the first 24 hours after diagnosis in 89.2%, mostly metronidazole. 83.3% recovered, 3 patients died from CDI, diagnosis was registered in the discharge report in 91.1%. Conclusions. Previous antibiotic therapy, high grade of dependency and renal failure were the main risk factors. There is room for improvement in CDI management at our hospital

Implementation of the Control Rod Movement Option by means of Control Variables in RELAP5/PARCS v2.7 Coupled Code (NUREG/IA-0402)

The objective of this work is to introduce an improvement in best estimate coupled neutronicthermalhydraulic 3D codes simulations, by adding a model for the control rod movement in the coupled code RELAP5/PARCS v2.7, by means of control variables, with the aim of being able to dynamically analyze asymmetric transient accidents, as the reactivity insertion accidents (RIA) in a nuclear reactor, reproducing all the reactors control systems. The modification developed in this work permits the automatic movement of the control rods, activated by the RELAP5 code control system, and also they can depend on signals related to the reactor reactivity, like pressure, fuel temperature or moderator temperature, etc., improving the realism of the calculation and increasing the simulation capabilities. This report was prepared by the Nuclear Engineering Group belonging to the Institute for Industrial, Radiophysical and Environmental Safety (ISIRYM) at the Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV), which collaborates in the simulation area with the Spanish company Centrales Nucleares Almaraz-Trillo (CNAT). The Asociación Española de la Industria Eléctrica (UNESA, Electric Industry Association of Spain), equivalent to the American EPRI sponsored this work.Miró Herrero, R.; Ana Ibáñez, P.; Barrachina Celda, TM.; Martínez-Murillo, J.; Pereira, C.; Verdú Martín, GJ. (2014). Implementation of the Control Rod Movement Option by means of Control Variables in RELAP5/PARCS v2.7 Coupled Code (NUREG/IA-0402). United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/58958

REA 3D-dynamic analysis in Almaraz NPP with RELAP5/PARCS v2.7 and SIMTAB cross-sections tables

[EN] The Rod Ejection Accident (REA) belongs to the Reactivity-Initiated Accidents (RIA) category of accidents and it is part of the licensing basis accident analyses required for pressurized water reactors (PWR). The REA at Hot Zero Power (HZP) is characterized by a single rod ejection from a core position with a very low power level. The evolution consists basically of a continuous reactivity insertion. The main feature limiting the consequences of the accident in a PWR is the Doppler Effect. To check the performance of the coupled code RELAP5/PARCS v2.7 a REA in Almaraz NPP is simulated. These analyses will allow knowing more accurately the PWR real plant phenomenology in the RIA most limiting conditions.This work has been partially supported by the Spanish Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia under project PHB2007-0067-PC and by the Brazilian Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) under project CAPES/DGU 159/08. This work has also been partially supported by the Spanish Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia under project ENE2008-02669, the Generalitat Valenciana under project ACOMP/2009/058, and the Universitat Politècnica de València under project PAID-05-09-4285. The authors wish to acknowledge the technical and financial support of the Almaraz-Trillo AIE for this work.Barrachina Celda, TM.; Garcia-Fenoll, M.; Ánchel Añó, FC.; Miró Herrero, R.; Verdú Martín, GJ.; Pereira, C.; Da Silva, C.... (2011). REA 3D-dynamic analysis in Almaraz NPP with RELAP5/PARCS v2.7 and SIMTAB cross-sections tables. Progress in Nuclear Energy. 53(8):1167-1180. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pnucene.2011.07.012S1167118053

Comparison of two non-primitive methods for path integral simulations: Higher-order corrections vs. an effective propagator approach

Two methods are compared that are used in path integral simulations. Both methods aim to achieve faster convergence to the quantum limit than the so-called primitive algorithm (PA). One method, originally proposed by Takahashi and Imada, is based on a higher-order approximation (HOA) of the quantum mechanical density operator. The other method is based upon an effective propagator (EPr). This propagator is constructed such that it produces correctly one and two-particle imaginary time correlation functions in the limit of small densities even for finite Trotter numbers P. We discuss the conceptual differences between both methods and compare the convergence rate of both approaches. While the HOA method converges faster than the EPr approach, EPr gives surprisingly good estimates of thermal quantities already for P = 1. Despite a significant improvement with respect to PA, neither HOA nor EPr overcomes the need to increase P linearly with inverse temperature. We also derive the proper estimator for radial distribution functions for HOA based path integral simulations.Comment: 17 pages, latex, 6 postscript figure

Diez años de atención farmacéutica en España: explorando la realidad

Este trabajo pretende valorar el impacto, después de 10 años, de la implementación de la atención farmacéutica (AF) en la farmacia comunitaria. La investigación se realizó en tres regiones de España, escogidas por representar la variedad del país; registra la prevalencia de la AF practicada por los farmacéuticos comunitarios y explora el impacto que esa implementación ha tenido en las expectativas y actuaciones de pacientes y médicosde atención primaria. Se comienza analizando las diferencias en el número de farmacéuticos que practican AF entre las tres regiones y sus razones: localización, experiencia profesional y motivación. A continuación, se utilizan dos métodos para valorar el impacto de esa implementación en esas tres regiones. En primer lugar, se realizan grupos focales con pacientes que han recibido y que no han recibido AF, valorando el conocimiento del servicio de AF, las expectativas acerca de la AF (incluida su principal demanda) y la satisfacción con la AF recibida. En segundo lugar, se realizaron entrevistas a médicos de familia de cada región, en las áreas donde trabajaban farmacéuticos que practicaban AF, para evaluar la comprensión de la AF, la opinión sobre los farmacéuticos como profesionales sanitarios, la comunicación con ellos y la visión de sus competencias en la atención a los pacientes. Finalmente, se realizaron entrevistas a los farmacéuticos que ofrecen AF para conocer sus estrategias, con el fin de comunicar sus nuevas funciones a los pacientes y a los médicos de familia

Diez años de atención farmacéutica en España: explorando la realidad

Este trabajo pretende valorar el impacto, después de 10 años, de la implementación de la atención farmacéutica (AF) en la farmacia comunitaria. La investigación se realizó en tres regiones de España, escogidas por representar la variedad del país; registra la prevalencia de la AF practicada por los farmacéuticos comunitarios y explora el impacto que esa implementación ha tenido en las expectativas y actuaciones de pacientes y médicosde atención primaria. Se comienza analizando las diferencias en el número de farmacéuticos que practican AF entre las tres regiones y sus razones: localización, experiencia profesional y motivación. A continuación, se utilizan dos métodos para valorar el impacto de esa implementación en esas tres regiones. En primer lugar, se realizan grupos focales con pacientes que han recibido y que no han recibido AF, valorando el conocimiento del servicio de AF, las expectativas acerca de la AF (incluida su principal demanda) y la satisfacción con la AF recibida. En segundo lugar, se realizaron entrevistas a médicos de familia de cada región, en las áreas donde trabajaban farmacéuticos que practicaban AF, para evaluar la comprensión de la AF, la opinión sobre los farmacéuticos como profesionales sanitarios, la comunicación con ellos y la visión de sus competencias en la atención a los pacientes. Finalmente, se realizaron entrevistas a los farmacéuticos que ofrecen AF para conocer sus estrategias, con el fin de comunicar sus nuevas funciones a los pacientes y a los médicos de familia

Dietary avian proteins are comparable to soybean proteins on the atherosclerosis development and fatty liver disease in apoe-deficient mice

Background and aim: The type and amount of dietary protein has become a topic of re-newed interest in light of their involvement in metabolic diseases, atherosclerosis and thrombosis. However, little attention has been devoted to the effect of avian proteins despite their wide human consumption. The aim was to investigate the influence of chicken and turkey as sources of protein compared with that of soybean on atherosclerosis and fatty liver disease. Methods and results: To this purpose, male and female Apoe-deficient were fed purified Western diets differing in their protein sources for 12 weeks. After this period, blood, liver, aortic tree and heart base samples were taken for analyses of plasma lipids and atherosclerosis. Plasma triglycerides, non-esterified fatty acids, esterified cholesterol levels and radical oxygen species in lipoproteins changed depending on the diet and sex. Females consuming the turkey protein-containing diet showed decreased athero-sclerotic foci, as evidenced by the en face atherosclerosis analyses. The presence of macrophages and smooth muscle cells in plaques were not modified, and no changes were observed in hepatic lipid droplets in the studied groups either. Paraoxonase activity was higher in the group consuming turkey protein without sex differences, but only in females, it was significantly associated with aor-tic lesion areas. Conclusions: Compared to soybean protein, the consumption of avian proteins depending on sex resulted in similar or lower atherosclerosis development and comparable hepatic steatosis. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland

The Imaging Magnetograph eXperiment (IMaX) for the Sunrise balloon-borne solar observatory

The Imaging Magnetograph eXperiment (IMaX) is a spectropolarimeter built by four institutions in Spain that flew on board the Sunrise balloon-borne telesocope in June 2009 for almost six days over the Arctic Circle. As a polarimeter IMaX uses fast polarization modulation (based on the use of two liquid crystal retarders), real-time image accumulation, and dual beam polarimetry to reach polarization sensitivities of 0.1%. As a spectrograph, the instrument uses a LiNbO3 etalon in double pass and a narrow band pre-filter to achieve a spectral resolution of 85 mAA. IMaX uses the high Zeeman sensitive line of Fe I at 5250.2 AA and observes all four Stokes parameters at various points inside the spectral line. This allows vector magnetograms, Dopplergrams, and intensity frames to be produced that, after reconstruction, reach spatial resolutions in the 0.15-0.18 arcsec range over a 50x50 arcsec FOV. Time cadences vary between ten and 33 seconds, although the shortest one only includes longitudinal polarimetry. The spectral line is sampled in various ways depending on the applied observing mode, from just two points inside the line to 11 of them. All observing modes include one extra wavelength point in the nearby continuum. Gauss equivalent sensitivities are four Gauss for longitudinal fields and 80 Gauss for transverse fields per wavelength sample. The LOS velocities are estimated with statistical errors of the order of 5-40 m/s. The design, calibration and integration phases of the instrument, together with the implemented data reduction scheme are described in some detail.Comment: 17 figure

Higgs-boson production associated with a bottom quark at hadron colliders with SUSY-QCD corrections

The Higgs boson production p p (p\bar p) -> b h +X via b g -> b h at the LHC, which may be an important channel for testing the bottom quark Yukawa coupling, is subject to large supersymmetric quantum corrections. In this work the one-loop SUSY-QCD corrections to this process are evaluated and are found to be quite sizable in some parameter space. We also study the behavior of the corrections in the limit of heavy SUSY masses and find the remnant effects of SUSY-QCD. These remnant effects, which are left over in the Higgs sector by the heavy sparticles, are found to be so sizable (for a light CP-odd Higgs and large \tan\beta) that they might be observable in the future LHC experiment. The exploration of such remnant effects is important for probing SUSY, especially in case that the sparticles are too heavy (above TeV) to be directly discovered at the LHC.Comment: Results for the Tevatron adde