Intervención enfermera para controlar la transmisibilidad cruzada de microorganismos multirresistentes en un servicio de hospitalización urológico.

Según el “Estudio de prevalencias de infecciones nosocomiales en España” de 2015, las localizaciones urológicas son la cuarta causa de infección hospitalaria, con una prevalencia del 19,72%.Con el fin de disminuir la incidencia de transmisionescruzadas,derivadas delcontacto con profesionalessanitariosy no sanitarios, pacientes, familiares y acompañantes, se propone una intervención enfermera basada en un programa de educación para la salud y dos seminarios de formación continuada. Se han elaborado seis herramientas, dirigidas a erradicar malas prácticas y actuaciones incorrectas, evaluadas a través de indicadores de proceso y de resultados. Tanto el programa educativo como la formación continuada se pueden implantar en otros servicios de hospitalización,con el correspondiente estudio de prevalencia de microorganimos multirresistentes, abriendo nuevas líneas de investigación. According to the “Study of Prevalence of Nosocomial Infections in Spain” 2015, urologic locations are the fourth leading cause of hospital infections, with a prevalence of 19.72%. In order to decrease the incidence of transmissions crusades, arising from the contact with health care and non-health care professionals, patients, family members and their companions, proposes a nurse intervention based on a program of education for health and two seminars of continuous training. Six tools have been developed, aimed at eradicating bad practices and improper practices, evaluated through indicators of process and results. Both the educational program such as continuous training, can be deployed to other hospitalization services with the corresponding study of prevalence of multiresistant microorganimos, opening new lines of research

Current threats faced by Neotropical parrot populations

Berkunsky I, Quillfeldt P, Brightsmith DJ, et al. Current threats faced by Neotropical parrot populations. Biological Conservation. 2017;214:278-287.Psittaciformes (parrots, cockatoos) are among the most endangered birds, with 31% of Neotropical species under threat. The drivers of this situation appear to be manifold and mainly of anthropogenic origin. However, this assessment is based on the last extensive consultation about the conservation situation of parrots carried out in the 1990s. Given the rapid development of anthropogenic threats, updated data are needed to strategize conservation actions. Using a population approach, we addressed this need through a wide-ranging consultation involving biologists, wildlife managers, government agencies and non-governmental conservation organizations. We gathered up-to-date information on threats affecting 192 populations of 96 Neotropical parrot species across 21 countries. Moreover, we investigated associations among current threats and population trends. Many populations were affected by multiple threats. Agriculture, Capture for the Pet Trade, Logging, each of them affected > 55% of the populations, suggesting a higher degree of risk than previously thought. In contrast to previous studies at the species level, our study showed that the threat most closely associated with decreasing population trends is now Capture for the local Pet Trade. Other threats associated with decreasing populations include Small-holder Farming, Rural Population Pressure, Nest Destruction by Poachers, Agro-industry Grazing, Small-holder Grazing, and Capture for the international Pet Trade. Conservation actions have been implemented on < 20% of populations. Our results highlight the importance of a population-level approach in revealing the extent of threats to wild populations. It is critical to increase the scope of conservation actions to reduce the capture of wild parrots for pets