Innovación tecnológica en el manejo de la producción de vino de Flor de Jamaica en la empresa Vinica, en el municipio de Managua durante el segundo semestre del año 2013

El presente trabajo expone un estudio realizado en la industria vinícola Vinica acerca de la innovación tecnológica en el proceso de producción de vino y especialmente enfocado en la elaboración de Vino de Flor de Jamaica con el propósito de analizar los métodos y tecnologías existentes, con el fin de determinar los cambios que se puedan implementar en la industria Vinica y así poder brindar recomendaciones a la vez. Este análisis se ha centrado en estudiar el proceso de elaboración que se realiza dentro de las instalaciones de la industria Vinica, teniendo como fundamentos los métodos productivos para elaborar un producto final con calidad y mejoras continúas que satisfagan las necesidades de los consumidores. Actualmente la industria cuenta con procesos semi-industrial para la elaboración de los diferentes tipos de vinos que producen y con ello se logra cumplir con las expectativas de ventas. Además constantemente se realizan capacitaciones a los trabajadores con el objetivo de mejorar el proceso productivo del vino de Flor de Jamaica y su calidad, se realizan degustaciones en diferentes centros comerciales para determinar la aceptación del vino con respecto al gusto de los consumidores. La industria, a pesar de contar con un sistema de calidad básico para inspeccionar las distintas etapas del proceso existen ciertas deficiencias que de una u otra manera pueden afectar el proceso en conjunto para ello es recomendable realizar modificaciones al momento de utilizar las herramientas tecnológicas con las que cuentan, las cuales consideramos como puntos débiles de la empresa y que pueden ser modificadas para mejora

Global economic burden of unmet surgical need for appendicitis

Background There is a substantial gap in provision of adequate surgical care in many low- and middle-income countries. This study aimed to identify the economic burden of unmet surgical need for the common condition of appendicitis. Methods Data on the incidence of appendicitis from 170 countries and two different approaches were used to estimate numbers of patients who do not receive surgery: as a fixed proportion of the total unmet surgical need per country (approach 1); and based on country income status (approach 2). Indirect costs with current levels of access and local quality, and those if quality were at the standards of high-income countries, were estimated. A human capital approach was applied, focusing on the economic burden resulting from premature death and absenteeism. Results Excess mortality was 4185 per 100 000 cases of appendicitis using approach 1 and 3448 per 100 000 using approach 2. The economic burden of continuing current levels of access and local quality was US $92 492 million using approach 1 and$73 141 million using approach 2. The economic burden of not providing surgical care to the standards of high-income countries was $95 004 million using approach 1 and$75 666 million using approach 2. The largest share of these costs resulted from premature death (97.7 per cent) and lack of access (97.0 per cent) in contrast to lack of quality. Conclusion For a comparatively non-complex emergency condition such as appendicitis, increasing access to care should be prioritized. Although improving quality of care should not be neglected, increasing provision of care at current standards could reduce societal costs substantially

Global economic burden of unmet surgical need for appendicitis

Background There is a substantial gap in provision of adequate surgical care in many low- and middle-income countries. This study aimed to identify the economic burden of unmet surgical need for the common condition of appendicitis. Methods Data on the incidence of appendicitis from 170 countries and two different approaches were used to estimate numbers of patients who do not receive surgery: as a fixed proportion of the total unmet surgical need per country (approach 1); and based on country income status (approach 2). Indirect costs with current levels of access and local quality, and those if quality were at the standards of high-income countries, were estimated. A human capital approach was applied, focusing on the economic burden resulting from premature death and absenteeism. Results Excess mortality was 4185 per 100 000 cases of appendicitis using approach 1 and 3448 per 100 000 using approach 2. The economic burden of continuing current levels of access and local quality was US $92 492 million using approach 1 and$73 141 million using approach 2. The economic burden of not providing surgical care to the standards of high-income countries was $95 004 million using approach 1 and$75 666 million using approach 2. The largest share of these costs resulted from premature death (97.7 per cent) and lack of access (97.0 per cent) in contrast to lack of quality. Conclusion For a comparatively non-complex emergency condition such as appendicitis, increasing access to care should be prioritized. Although improving quality of care should not be neglected, increasing provision of care at current standards could reduce societal costs substantially