Isolated factorizations and their applications in simplicial affine semigroups

We introduce the concept of isolated factorizations of an element of a commutative monoid and study its properties. We give several bounds for the number of isolated factorizations of simplicial affine semigroups and numerical semigroups. We also generalize $\alpha$-rectangular numerical semigroups to the context of simplicial affine semigroups and study their isolated factorizations. As a consequence of our results, we characterize those complete intersection simplicial affine semigroups with only one Betti minimal element in several ways. Moreover, we define Betti sorted and Betti divisible simplicial affine semigroups and characterize them in terms of gluings and their minimal presentations. Finally, we determine all the Betti divisible numerical semigroups, which turn out to be those numerical semigroups that are free for any arrangement of their minimal generators

Time-dependent attractors for non-autonomous nonlocal reaction-diffusion equations

In this paper, the existence and uniqueness of weak and strong solutions for a non-autonomous nonlocal reaction-diffusion equation is proved. Next, the existence of minimal pullback attractors in the L2 -norm in the frameworks of universes of fixed bounded sets and those given by a tempered growth condition, and some relationships between them are established. Finally, we prove the existence of minimal pullback attractors in the H1-norm and study relationships among these new families and those given previously in the L2 - context. The results are also new in the autonomous framework in order to ensure the existence of global compact attractors, as a particular case.Ministerio de Economía y CompetitividadFondo Europeo de Desarrollo RegionalJunta de Andalucí

Robustness of time-dependent attractors in H1-norm for nonlocal problems

In this paper, the existence of regular pullback attractors as well as their upper semicontinuous behaviour in H1-norm are analysed for a parameterized family of non-autonomous nonlocal reaction-diffusion equations without uniqueness, improving previous results [Nonlinear Dyn. 84 (2016), 35–50].Ministerio de Economía y CompetitividadFondo Europeo de Desarrollo RegionalJunta de Andalucí

Características de la canal y de la carne en cabritos de raza "Murciano-Granadina"

El objetivo de este estudio fue contribuir a la caracterización de la producción cárnica de la raza caprina Murciano–Granadina. Para ello se analizó el efecto de tres sistemas de explotación en el crecimiento, calidad de la canal y calidad de la carne de 61 cabritos de la raza, así como su interacción con el sexo. Los cabritos del sistema intensivo con lactancia natural (en adelante, SILN) y del sistema extensivo (en adelante, SE), crecieron más rápido que los animales del sistema intensivo con lactancia artificial (en adelante, SILA). Los cabritos del SILA tuvieron los menores porcentajes de rendimiento real a la canal debido al mayor desarrollo de su tracto gastrointestinal. La pierna y la canal fueron de mayor longitud en los cabritos del SE. Las canales y los cortes del SILN y del SE contenían más grasa que en los cabritos procedentes del SILA. Los machos crecieron más rápido que las hembras. Las canales de los machos tuvieron un mayor contenido en hueso pero menor en grasa que las canales de las hembras. Los cabritos del SE mostraron carnes más rosas que los del SILN y del SILA. La carne procedente de cabritos del SILA mostró la menor capacidad de retención de agua. Los depósitos de grasa intramuscular de cabritos criados bajo el SE poseyeron el porcentaje más bajo de ácido mirístico (C14:0) y el más alto de C18:1 (ácido oleico). El SE produce carne de cabritos parecida a la del SILN y a la del SILA, pero con un menor índice de aterogenicidad. Los datos de crecimiento, calidad de la canal y calidad de la carne se recogieron y se llevó a cabo el análisis discriminante canónico y el análisis de conglomerados sobre el proceso completo de producción de la carne así como de sus diferentes fases, empleándose los sistemas de explotación como criterio de agrupamiento. Todas las comparaciones mostraron diferencias significativas e indicaron la existencia de tres productos con diferentes características de calidad como resultado de la influencia del sistema de explotación. Así mismo, el análisis de correlaciones canónicas realizado entre grupos de variables de crecimiento, de características de la carne y de características de la canal, mostraron importantes relaciones entre las fases de producción, de procesado y de comercialización.The aim of this research was to contribute to the characterization of meat production of Murciano–Granadina goat breed. To achieve this goal we analyzed the effect of three management systems on growth, carcass quality and meat quality of 61 breed kids and their interaction with sex. The intensive with natural rearing system (hereinafter, INS) and extensive system (hereinafter, ES) kids grew faster than intensive with artificial rearing (hereinafter, IAS) animals. IAS kids displayed the lowest real dressing percentages due to the higher development of empty gastrointestinal tract. The long leg and carcass were larger in ES kids than in kids from other management systems. The carcasses and cuts from INS and ES kids displayed more fat than those of IAS kids. Males grew faster than females. Carcasses in male kids showed a higher content of bones but a lower content of fat than carcasses in female kids. ES kids displayed stronger “pink” meats than INS and IAS animals. The IAS meat displayed the lowest capacity to retain water inside the muscle. Intramuscular fat deposits from kids reared under ES showed the lowest percentage of C14:0 fatty acids and the highest percentage of C18:1 fatty acid. ES produces similar goat kid meat as INS and IAS, but with a lower atherogenicity index. Growth, carcass quality, and meat quality data were collected. Canonical discriminatory analysis and cluster analysis of the entire meat production process and its stages were performed using the rearing systems as grouping criteria. All comparisons resulted in significant differences and indicated the existence 12 of three products with different quality characteristics as a result of the influence of the rearing system. Also, the Canonical Correlation analysis developed among groups of variables related to the growth, the carcass characteristics and meat characteristics shown important relation among the phases of production, processing and commercialization

Análisis de la eficiencia del gasto municipal y de sus determinantes

In this study we analyzed the efficiency of the spending of 1686 Peruvian municipalities for the year 2003 through the evaluation to the municipal public activities as a process of production which transforms inputs in outputs (Bradford et. al., 1969 y Fisher, 1996). In doing so, we established several "best-practice" production frontiers in order to estimate the extent of municipal spending that seems to be wasted relative to that frontier. Five methodologies for the production frontier estimations were used (i) 3 non parametric: (i) Free Disposal Hull (FDH) and Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA-CRS and DEA-VRS) and (ii) 2 parametric: one deterministic and the other stochastic, which were estimated through 10 categories of municipalities (4 groups of provincial and 6 of district municipalities) defined through a cluster methodology. Finally, using TOBIT regression models, we analyzed the fiscal, socioeconomics and demographic determinants of the efficiency levels. We found different levels of efficiency and although we identified some good practices, the result at the national level is matter of concern because the same results could have been obtained with 57.6% less resources. Among the main determinants of this inefficiency spending the FONCOMUN and canon transfers were found, mainly at the district municipal level. One of the factors that allowed for a more efficient provision of local services was the civil participation, represented in the study by the Local Coordination Council. The results of the study show that there is a need to make more efforts to improve the local government spending. Even more so, after the promulgation of the Supreme Decree No. 068-2006-PCM in October 2006, by virtue of which the culmination of the competences and function transfers process, initially programmed for 2006-20010, brought forward to the end of 2007.

Sobre monjes y literatura monástica en la Córdoba Emiral

El presente trabajo pretende analizar algunos aspectos del fl orecimiento de la vida monástica que se produjo en la Córdoba del siglo IX. De esa manera, una vez expuestas las evidencias existentes al respecto y tras aventurar algunas de las causas que pudieron propiciar este proceso, se pasa a rastrear las posibles huellas que dicho movimiento dejó en la literatura de los escritores cristianos de la época, en particular la presencia en ella de obras sobre monjes o vida monásticaThe present papier tries to analyse some aspects of the monastic life fl owering in the mid-ninth century Cordova. Thus, once the existing evidence regarding this matter has been presented and after proposing possible causes for this process, the author has traced back the infl uence this movement left in the Christian writers of the time, particularly the presence in their literature of works about monks and monastic life