8,680 research outputs found
Far Field Monitoring of Rogue Nuclear Activity with an Array of Large anti-neutrino Detectors
The result of a study on the use of an array of large anti-neutrino detectors
for the purpose of monitoring rogue nuclear activity is presented. Targeted
regional monitoring of a nation bordering large bodies of water with no
pre-existing legal nuclear activity may be possible at a cost of about several
billion dollars, assuming several as-yet-untested schemes pan out in the next
two decades. These are: (1) the enabling of a water-based detector to detect
reactor anti-neutrinos by doping with GdCl; (2) the deployment of a
KamLAND-like detector in a deep-sea environment; and (3) the scaling of a
Super-Kamiokande-like detector to a size of one or more megatons. The first may
well prove feasible, and should be tested by phase-III Super-Kamiokande in the
next few years. The second is more of a challenge, but may well be tested by
the Hanohano collaboration in the coming decade. The third is perhaps the least
certain, with no schedule for construction of any such device in the
foreseeable future. In addition to the regional monitoring scheme, several
global, untargeted monitoring schemes were considered. All schemes were found
to fail benchmark sensitivity levels by a wide margin, and to cost at least
several trillion dollars.Comment: 17 pages, 8 figures, proceedings for Neutrino Sciences 2005,
submitted to Earth, Moon, and Planet
MTRAC - A computer program for analysis of circuits including magnetic cores. Volume 2 - Input data and program listing
Input data cards program listing for MTRA
Diagenesis and metamorphism in the Revett quartzite (Middle Proterozoic Belt) Idaho and Montana
The impact of feed cost on U.S. poultry production: implications for the impact of increased ethanol production
Crop Production/Industries, Livestock Production/Industries,
Thermomagnetic analysis of meteorites. 3: C3 and C4 chondrites
Thermomagnetic analysis on all of the C3 and C4 chondrites, conducted under conditions of controlled oxygen fugacity, indicates the presence of a thermally unstable component in at least 5 of the C3 chondrites which upon heating results in magnetite production. This unstable component is most likely troilite (FeS). The presence of the unstable substance may affect the estimation of paleointensities in meteorites which contain it. Our results indicate that Grosnaja, Ornans, Kainsaz, Felix, and Warrenton are likely to be less complicated for paleointensity determinations than the other C3 chondrites. Both C4 chondrites should lead to reliable results
Thermomagnetic analysis of meterorites. 4: Ureilites
Samples of all available ureilites have been analyzed thermomagnetically. For three of the six (Dyalpur, Goalpara and Havero) evidence was found for only low-nickel metallic-iron as the magnetic component and the (saturation magnetization vs, temperature) curves were reversible. In the Novo Urei ureilite, magnetite in addition to low-nickel metallic-iron was indicated and again the Js-T curve was reversible. For the two badly weathered ureilites, Dingo Pup Donga and North Haig, indication was also found that both initial magnetite and low-nickel metallic-iron were present. However, the Js-T curves were somewhat irreversible and the final saturation magnetization was 20% and 50% greater than initially for North Haig and Dingo Pup Donga, respectively. This behavior is interpreted to be the result of magnetite production from a secondary iron oxide during the experiment
Thermomagnetic analysis of meteorites, 2: C2 chondrites
Samples of all eighteen of the known C2 chondrites were analyzed thermomagnetically. For eleven of these, initial Fe3O4 content is low(generally 1%) and the J sub s-T curves are irreversible. The heating curves show variable and erratic behavior, whereas the cooling curves appear to be that of Fe3O4. The saturation moment after cooling is greater (up to 10 times larger) than it is initially. This behavior is interpreted to be the result of the production of magnetite from a thermally unstable phase--apparently FeS. Four of the remaining 7 C2 chondrites contain Fe3O4 as the only significant magnetic phase: initial magnetite contents range from 4 to 13 percent. The remaining three C2 chondrites contain iron or nickel-iron in addition to Fe3O4. These seven C2 chondrites show little evidence of the breakdown of a thermally unstable phase
Solar System Processes Underlying Planetary Formation, Geodynamics, and the Georeactor
Only three processes, operant during the formation of the Solar System, are
responsible for the diversity of matter in the Solar System and are directly
responsible for planetary internal-structures, including planetocentric nuclear
fission reactors, and for dynamical processes, including and especially,
geodynamics. These processes are: (i) Low-pressure, low-temperature
condensation from solar matter in the remote reaches of the Solar System or in
the interstellar medium; (ii) High-pressure, high-temperature condensation from
solar matter associated with planetary-formation by raining out from the
interiors of giant-gaseous protoplanets, and; (iii) Stripping of the primordial
volatile components from the inner portion of the Solar System by super-intense
solar wind associated with T-Tauri phase mass-ejections, presumably during the
thermonuclear ignition of the Sun. As described herein, these processes lead
logically, in a causally related manner, to a coherent vision of planetary
formation with profound implications including, but not limited to, (a) Earth
formation as a giant gaseous Jupiter-like planet with vast amounts of stored
energy of protoplanetary compression in its rock-plus-alloy kernel; (b) Removal
of approximately 300 Earth-masses of primordial gases from the Earth, which
began Earth's decompression process, making available the stored energy of
protoplanetary compression for driving geodynamic processes, which I have
described by the new whole-Earth decompression dynamics and which is
responsible for emplacing heat at the mantle-crust-interface at the base of the
crust through the process I have described, called mantle decompression
thermal-tsunami; and, (c)Uranium accumulations at the planetary centers capable
of self-sustained nuclear fission chain reactions.Comment: Invited paper for the Special Issue of Earth, Moon and Planets
entitled Neutrino Geophysics Added final corrections for publicatio
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