In vitro markers for virulence in Yersinia ruckeri

In this study, different traits that have been associated with bacterial virulence were studied in Yersinia ruckeri. Two isolates that had been shown to cause disease and mortality in experimentally infected rainbow trout were compared with five avirulent isolates. Both virulent isolates showed high adhesion to gill and intestinal mucus of rainbow trout, whereas the majority of non-virulent strains demonstrated significantly lower adhesion. A decrease in adherence capability following bacterial treatment with sodium metaperiodate and proteolytic enzymes suggested the involvement of carbohydrates and proteins. All strains were able to adhere to and invade CHSE-214, FHM and R1 cells. One non-virulent strain was highly adhesive and invasive in the three cell lines, whereas the virulent strains showed moderate adhesive and invasive capacity. The internalization of several isolates was inhibited by colchicine and cytochalasin-D, suggesting that microtubules and microfilaments play a role. For all strains, intracellular survival assays showed a decrease of viable bacteria in the cells 6h after inoculation, suggesting that Y. ruckeri is not able to multiply or survive inside cultured cells. Analysis of the susceptibility to the bactericidal effect of rainbow trout serum demonstrated that virulent Y. ruckeri strains were serum resistant, whereas non-virulent strains were generally serum sensitive

Counting All Homelessness in Europe : The Case for Ending Separate Enumeration of ‘Hidden Homelessness’

This paper explores the challenges around the measurement of all homelessness in Europe. The paper begins by reviewing challenges in relation to definition and measurement and moves on to consider the political and ethical dimensions of measuring homelessness that occurs within housing. The paper concludes by proposing new definitions, including dropping the term ‘hidden homelessness’, and advocates properly resourced and directed social research. It is argued that physical-legal definitions have proven unsatisfactory in the face of evidence about the importance of the psychological and emotional dynamics around the meaning of home, and that there are ethical questions around imposing categorisations of homelessness on populations who might not see themselves or their situation in such terms. However, while it is argued that there is a need to acknowledge these challenges, there is also an imperative to create a concise, practical and measurable European definition of homelessness

Op bezoek bij de huisarts: gerapporteerd gebruik, gepercipieerde kwaliteit en toegankelijkheid van de huisartsenzorg bij financieel kwetsbare welzijnszorggebruikers

info:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

Beschrijving van de KANS steekproef: representativiteit, demografische en socio-economische kenmerken, gezondheidstoestand en zorggebruik

info:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

The StoryMapper: Piloting a Traveling Placemaking Interface for Inclusion and Emplacement

As aresponse to traditional (top‐down) urban planning processes, placemaking engages local citizens in the process of shaping the form, social activity, and meaning of places around them. However, placemaking practices similarly face political challenges regarding inclusion and emplacement. These challenges relate to who participates, facilitation through linguistic discourse, and place engagement itself. Attempting to address these challenges, this article (based on a pilot study) reports on the design and deployment of the StoryMapper, a traveling placemaking interface that uses a participant‐driven “chain of engagement” recruiting process to invite participants to create emplaced “morphings” (i.e., visually produced stories superimposed on public space) to spark dialogue on a digitally facilitated living map. This pilot study took place within a larger placemaking project that engages citizens to share their ideas regarding the reconversion of a community church. Plugging the Storymapper into this larger project, we discuss preliminary findings relating to the role of placemaking facilitators in citizen‐driven recruitment and the role of multimodality in placemaking processes. This pilot study suggests that inclusion should not only be evaluated based on who participates and who does not, but also on how the tool itself, in its capacity to engage participants to visualize complex emplaced ideas, may facilitate inclusion of different publics

KANS cijferrapport: beschrijvende analyse van de gegevens uit de eerste bevraging: socio-demografisch profiel, zorggebruik, zorgtevredenheid, gezondheid, welzijn en sociale contacten van maatschappelijk kwetsbare welzijnszorggebruikers

info:eu-repo/semantics/publishe