14,910 research outputs found
Drug Management Reviews in District Drug Management Unit and General Hospital
Drug is one of the essential elements in healthcare that should be effectively and efficiently managed. Following the decentralization in 2001 in Indonesia, drug management has changed in district drug management units and also in District General Hospitals. Certainly this condition influences the sustainability of drug access in primary health care such as in Community Health Center and District General Hospital, especially in drug financing policy. A cross sectional descriptive study to obtain information on drug management in public healthcare in district had been carried out between July and December 2006 in 10 District Public Drug Management Units from 10 district health offices and 9 district general hospitals as samples. Data were collected by interviewing heads of Drug Section in District Health Offices and heads of Hospital Pharmacies using structured questionnaires and observing drug storage in District Drug Management Units, Community Health Centers, and Hospital Pharmacies. Results of the study show that drug planning in District Health Offices and General Hospitals did not meet the basic real need in some districts nor District Hospitals. The minimum health service standards had not been achieved yet. Furthermore, drug procurement, storage and recording as well as reporting was not good enough either, such as shown by the existence of expired drugs. Lead time for drug delivery to community health centers in some districts was longer than the average of lead time in the past 3 years
Towards an optical potential for rare-earths through coupled channels
The coupled-channel theory is a natural way of treating nonelastic channels,
in particular those arising from collective excitations, defined by nuclear
deformations. Proper treatment of such excitations is often essential to the
accurate description of reaction experimental data. Previous works have applied
different models to specific nuclei with the purpose of determining
angular-integrated cross sections. In this work, we present an extensive study
of the effects of collective couplings and nuclear deformations on integrated
cross sections as well as on angular distributions in a consistent manner for
neutron-induced reactions on nuclei in the rare-earth region. This specific
subset of the nuclide chart was chosen precisely because of a clear static
deformation pattern. We analyze the convergence of the coupled-channel
calculations regarding the number of states being explicitly coupled. Inspired
by the work done by Dietrich \emph{et al.}, a model for deforming the spherical
Koning-Delaroche optical potential as function of quadrupole and hexadecupole
deformations is also proposed. We demonstrate that the obtained results of
calculations for total, elastic and inelastic cross sections, as well as
elastic and inelastic angular distributions correspond to a remarkably good
agreement with experimental data for scattering energies above around a few
MeV.Comment: 7 pages, 6 figures. Submitted to the proceedings of the XXXVI
Reuni\~ao de Trabalho de F\'{\i}sica Nuclear no Brasil (XXXVI Brazilian
Workshop on Nuclear Physics), held in Maresias, S\~ao Paulo, Brazil in
September 2013, which should be published on AIP Conference Proceeding
Series. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1311.1115,
arXiv:1311.042
Progress toward a Soft X-ray Polarimeter
We are developing instrumentation for a telescope design capable of measuring
linear X-ray polarization over a broad-band using conventional spectroscopic
optics. Multilayer-coated mirrors are key to this approach, being used as Bragg
reflectors at the Brewster angle. By laterally grading the multilayer mirrors
and matching to the dispersion of a spectrometer, one may take advantage of
high multilayer reflectivities and achieve modulation factors over 50% over the
entire 0.2-0.8 keV band. We present progress on laboratory work to demonstrate
the capabilities of an existing laterally graded multilayer coated mirror pair.
We also present plans for a suborbital rocket experiment designed to detect a
polarization level of 12-17% for an active galactic nucleus in the 0.1-1.0 keV
band.Comment: 11 pages, 12 figures, to appear in the proceedings of the SPIE,
volume 8861, on Optics for EUV, X-Ray, and Gamma-Ray Astronom
EBF1-deficient bone marrow stroma elicits persistent changes in HSC potential
Crosstalk between mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) and hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) is essential for hematopoietic homeostasis and lineage output. Here, we investigate how transcriptional changes in bone marrow (BM) MSCs result in long-lasting effects on HSCs. Single-cell analysis of Cxcl12-abundant reticular (CAR) cells and PDGFRα+Sca1+ (PαS) cells revealed an extensive cellular heterogeneity but uniform expression of the transcription factor gene Ebf1. Conditional deletion of Ebf1 in these MSCs altered their cellular composition, chromatin structure and gene expression profiles, including the reduced expression of adhesion-related genes. Functionally, the stromal-specific Ebf1 inactivation results in impaired adhesion of HSCs, leading to reduced quiescence and diminished myeloid output. Most notably, HSCs residing in the Ebf1-deficient niche underwent changes in their cellular composition and chromatin structure that persist in serial transplantations. Thus, genetic alterations in the BM niche lead to long-term functional changes of HSCs
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