Whisker growth studies under conditions which resemble those available on an orbiting space station

Minimal funding was provided by NASA with one designated 'mission' being the clear demonstration of the relevance of previously supported whisker growth studies to microgravity research. While in one sense this work has shown the converse, namely, that ambient gravitational fields as high as 1 Earth normal have no relevance to growth of whiskers by hydrogen reduction of metal halides, a case is made that this does not demonstrate lack of relevance to microgravity research. On the contrary, the driving forces for this growth are precisely those which must be understood in order to understand growth in microgravity. The results described suggest that knowledge gained from this work may be highly fundamental to our understanding of the genesis of metal crystals. Time and money ran out before this work could be considered complete. At least another year's study and analysis will be required before publications could be justified

Indikator Partisipasi Masyarakat Dalam Sistem Transportasi Berkelanjutan

Sustainable transport system should be able to provide physical access to places of employment, health, education, recreation, and other places associated with human life. In addition, sustainable transport must also support the economic growth and poverty reduction. The purpose of this study is to identify the forms of community participation and develop indicators of community participation in a transportation. A comparison of transport systems in two cities in Indonesia, namely Semarang and Surabaya, is selected as a case study. The results indicate that the forms of community participation in sustainable transportation system include payments of fuel tax, vehicle tax, parking charges, public transport tickets, and road pricing.In addition, there are many indicators that can be used to assess the sustainability of an urban transport system. The results also show that the transport system in Surabaya is better than that found in Semarang

Sejarah Pesantren di Indonesia

Salah satu lembaga pendidikan Islam di Indonesia adalahPondok Pesantren, ia merupakan system pendidikan pertamadan tertua di Indonesia, karena sifat keislaman dankeindonesiaan terintegrasi dalam pesantren menjadi dayatariknya. Belum lagi kesederhanaan, system manhaj yangterkesan apa adanya, hubungan kiyai dan santri serta keadaanfisik yang serba sederhana. Di tengah gagalnya systempendidikan dewasa ini, ada baiknya disimak kembali systempesantren, dimana didalamnya lebih mengedepankan ilmu etikadan pengetahuan. Kiyai adalah tempat betanya atau sumberrefrensi, tempat menyelesaikan semua urusan, tempat memintanasihat dan fatwa. Oleh karena itu, mesjid sebagai salah satutempat belajar dalam perkembangannya, pesantren dilengkapidengan pondok sebagai tempat tinggal santri yang menjadi cirrikhas dari lembaga tersebut adalah rasa keikhlasan yang dimilikioleh santri dan kiyai hubungan mereka tidak hanya sekedarsebagai murid dan guru, tapi lebih seperti anak dan orang tua.Bentuk, system dan metode pesantren di Indonesia dapat dibagimenjadi dua priode; pertama, Ampel (salafi) yang mencerminkankesederhanaan secara konprehensif. Kedua, priode Gontor yangmencerminkan kemoderenan dalam system metode dan fisikbangunan, sehingga pada hakikatnya pesantren memiliki tigaunsure yakni; santri, kiyai dan asrama

Space station as a vital focus for advancing the technologies of automation and robotics

A major guideline for the design of the U.S. Space Station is that the Space Station address a wide variety of functions. These functions include the servicing of unmanned assets in space, the support of commercial labs in space and the efficient management of the Space Station itself; the largest space asset. The technologies of Automation and Robotics have the promise to help in reducing Space Station operating costs and to achieve a highly efficient use of the human in space. The use of advanced automation and artificial intelligence techniques, such as expert systems, in Space Station subsystems for activity planning and failure mode management will enable us to reduce dependency on a mission control center and could ultimately result in breaking the umbilical link from Earth to the Space Station. The application of robotic technologies with advanced perception capability and hierarchical intelligent control to servicing system will enable the servicing of assets either in space or in situ with a high degree of human efficiency. The results of studies leading toward the formulation of an automation and robotics plan for Space Station development are presented

Pengaruh Gambar Iklan Peringatan Merokok Pada Bungkus Rokok Terhadap Sikap Berhenti Merokok Bagi Pelanggan Merek Sampoerna a Mild Di Desa Kepenuhan Barat Mulya

This study aims to determine the respondents to the ad images on cigarette packs warning against the attitude of quitting smoking for customer brand Sampoerna A Mild West Fullness In the village Mulya. Based on Survey Data From 5 Shop In The Fullness District of Rokan Hulu in October 2015 as many as 106 people. Samples will be taken by 51 respondents. Furthermore, the method of sampling used acidental Sampling. Analysis of the data using a questionnaire with Likert scale measurement and testing using simple linear regression. Based on the results of the study that the influence of advertising images of smoking warning (X) amounted to 0,746 this means that there is positive and if the level or effected by one unit then the attitude of quitting smoking increased by 0,746 units. The influence of advertising images of smoking warning against the attitude of quitting from the value t count by 13,765 to 0.00 significantly smaller than 0.05 this means that the influence attitudes towards smoking cessation quit smoking is a significant gesture. Suggested ad image warning smoke should be encouraged frequency through private television (cable TV) in the village Fullness of West Mulya Central City specifically or Rokan Hulu is often watched by adult smokers, so the image ads warning smoke are more effective and can improve attitudes to quit smoking adult smokers

Computer aided mechanogenesis of skeletal muscle organs from single cells in vitro

Complex mechanical forces generated in the growing embryo play an important role in organogenesis. Computerized application of similar forces to differentiating skeletal muscle myoblasts in vitro generate three dimensional artificial muscle organs. These organs contain parallel networks of long unbranched myofibers organized into fascicle-like structures. Tendon development is initiated and the muscles are capable of performing directed, functional work. Kinetically engineered organs provide a new method for studying the growth and development of normal and diseased skeletal muscle

Comparative Performance of a Powerplus Vane-type Supercharger and an N.A.C.A. Roots-type Supercharger

This report presents the results of tests of a Power plus supercharger and a comparison of its performance with the performance previously obtained with an N.A.C.A. Roots-type supercharger. The Powerplus supercharger is a positive displacement blower of the vane type having mechanically operated vanes, the movement of which is controlled by slots and eccentrics. The supercharger was tested at a range of pressure differences from 0 to 15 inches of mercury and at speeds from 500 to 2,500 r.p.m. The pressure difference across the supercharger was obtained by throttling the intake of a depression tank which was interposed in the air duct between the supercharger and the Durley orifice box used for measuring the air. The results of these tests show that at low pressure differences and at all speeds the power required by the Powerplus supercharger to compress a definite quantity of air per second is considerably higher than that required by the Roots. At pressure differences from 10 to 14 inches of mercury and at speeds over 2,000 r.p.m. the power requirements of the two superchargers are practically the same. At a pressure difference of 15 inches of mercury or greater and at a speed of 2,500 r.p.m. or greater the performance of the Powerplus supercharger is slightly better than that of the Roots. Because the Powerplus supercharger cannot be operated at a speed greater than 3,000 r.p.m. as compared with 7,000 r.p.m. for the Roots, its capacity is approximately one-half that of the Roots for the same bulk. The Powerplus supercharger is more complicated and less reliable than the Roots supercharger