Production and economic viability of feedlot beef cattle categories

This study was realized to evaluate the production and economic viability of finished beef cattle in feedlot in the Cerrado biome of Piauí State, Brazil. One hundred and fifty cattle -50 bulls (B) with an body weight of 283.0 ± 20.82 kg, at 30 months of age; and 100 cull cows (CC) with an body weight of 296.1 ± 17.80 kg, at 100 months of age- were used in a completely randomized design. The animal performance indicators for the evaluation of economic viability were initial age (months), slaughter age (months), was initial body weight (kg), final body weight (kg), daily feed intake (kg animal-1; kg kg-1 BW), diet cost (R$kg-1 of diet), cost of kg produced (R$ kg-1 produced), and average price of the kg of meat for finishing (R$). The CC consumed more sorghum silage and concentrate than B (p < 0.05).There was a difference between the categories (p < 0.05) for gross revenue, balance, opportunity cost, and net revenue per animal, with higher values found for the steer category. The animal category did not affect the profitability of the system, although the bulls provided lower revenues than cull cows.

Correlation between performance and feeding behavior of feedlot lambs fed without roughage diet

The objective was to evaluate the correlation between performance and feeding behavior of feedlot castrated Santa Inês lambs fed without roughage diet, weighing 20 ± 1,8 kg and four months of age (± 0,34). A completely randomized design was adopted. Correlations were obtained by Pearson’s linear correlation analysis and the t test, and processed on SAS software (version 9.2). The variables number of rumination chews per cud, number of cuds ruminated per day, speed of each chew, and number of rumination cuds per day were positively correlated with the variation in body weight (p < 0.05). For number of cuds ruminated per day, a positive correlation was found with the variations in body weight. Initial and final body weights were positively correlated with the feed and rumination efficiencies of the lambs feeding behavior and with the time per period spent feeding and performing other activities. Feeding time had a positive correlation with variation in body weight per day and the relative variation in body weight. Rumination was positively correlated with performance variables. The correlations show that there is influence between eating behavior and performance.

<b>Losses and nutritional value of elephant grass silage with inclusion levels of cottonseed meal</b> - doi: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v35i2.13736

<p class="aresumo">The experiment was conducted to evaluate losses and nutritive value of elephant grass silage containing increasing levels of cottonseed meal. The experimental design was completely randomized, with five treatments: 0, 7, 14, 21 and 28% inclusion of cottonseed meal, and four replications. The material was chopped and packed in PVC silos and stored for 80 days. The pH and dry matter (DM), crude protein, lignin and ether extract of the silages increased linearly with the addition of cottonseed meal, while the levels of acid detergent insoluble nitrogen, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, cellulose and hemicellulose decreased linearly. The addition of 28% cottonseed meal reduced the <em>in situ</em> disappearance of DM (48h) to values lower than those of silage without additives. The concentration of ammonia nitrogen and the losses from gases and effluent were reduced. The inclusion of 28% cottonseed meal in elephant grass silage containing 18.4% DM improved the fermentation characteristics of silage more efficiently by reducing the moisture content and effluent losses, starting at the 7% level of inclusion.</p> <p class="apalavrachave"><br /><em> </em></p

Methodologies for evaluation of ingestive behavior of heifers supplemented in grazing

The study was conducted to compare different methodologies for evaluation of ingestive behavior of heifers supplemented in grazing. The experiment was conducted at Princesa do Mateiro farm, Ribeirao do Largo, Bahia. Were used 30 heifers with blood level 5/8 Guzera milk lineage and 3/8 Holstein, with an average of 18 months of age and body weight of 187 ± 13.1 kg. The treatments were: Duration of avaliation (24, 12 and eight hours) of observation intervals (10, 20 and 30 minutes); repetitions for observation (three, two and one) shifts of observation (two and one). The behavior evaluation was performed on day 25th, 26th, 27th and 28th of each period, then a total of four ratings. The percentage of grazing activity on the duration of 8h and 12h evaluation differed from the standard evaluation period of 24 hours (P<0.05). The duration of evaluation tests (8h and 12h) showed differences in duration of 24 hours to evaluate the percentages of rumination (P<0.05). As for the percentage of other activities, no difference was observed between duration evaluation and standard tests (P>0.05). For grazing time, rumination, feeding at the trough, other activities, total feeding and total chewing have not been verified statistical differences between the ranges of observations 20 and 30 minutes compared with 10 minutes (P<0.05). The duration of evaluation of 24 hours is recommended for evaluation of ingestive behavior in terms of nutritional and metabolic parameters, as other promote distortion of the data as a function of the intensity of activities throughout the day

Glicerina bruta na dieta de vacas lactantes mantidas em pastagem tropical: comportamento ingestivo

The objective of this study was to evaluate the ingestive behavior of lactating dairy cows grazing on tropical pasture supplemented with different levels of crude glycerin in the diet. Ten lactating cows, ¾ Gir x ¼ Holstein Dairy cows, primiparous, and 109 ± 24 days of lactation, mean age 30 ± 6 months and mean body weight of 426.2 ± 68.29 kg, distributed into five treatments, in double (5x5) Latin square design, were used. The treatments consisted of inclusion levels of crude glycerin in the diet (0.0, 4.5, 9.0, 13.5, and 18.0% dry matter basis). The behavior evaluation was performed on the 14th day of each period, with observations every five minutes for a period of 24 hours. The results were analyzed statistically using analysis of variance and regression at 5% probability. For the grazing time, other activities, rumination, feeding trough, the number of grazing periods, other activities, rumination and feeding trough, as well as bit rate, number and time of chews per bolus, and efficiencies of eating and ruminating were not significant differences among crude glycerin levels in the diet (P>0.05). The inclusion of crude glycerin in diets for lactating cows in tropical pastures does not promote changes in ingestive behavior. The absence of negative effects related to the use of this byproduct in substitution of corn in these conditions allows its use in up to 18% crude glycerin in diets for dairy cows without changing the behavioral parameters related to food intake. Objetivou-se com este estudo avaliar o comportamento ingestivo de vacas lactantes mantidas em pastagem tropical suplementadas com diferentes níveis de glicerina bruta na dieta. Foram utilizadas 10 vacas lactantes, ¾ Holandesa x ¼ Gir Leiteiro, primíparas, com 109 ± 24 dias de lactação, idade média de 30 ± 6 meses e peso corporal médio de 426,2 ± 68,29 kg, distribuídas em cinco tratamentos, utilizando-se dois quadrados latinos cinco por cinco (5x5), Os tratamentos foram constituídos pelos níveis de inclusão de glicerina bruta na dieta (0; 4,5; 9; 13,5 e 18%; base matéria seca). A avaliação do comportamento foi realizada no 14º dia de cada período, sendo feitas observações a cada cinco minutos por um período de 24 horas. Os resultados foram analisados estatisticamente por meio de análises de variância e regressão a 5% de probabilidade. Para os tempos de pastejo, outras atividades, ruminação, alimentação no cocho, número de períodos de pastejo, outras atividades, ruminação e alimentação no cocho, assim como taxa de bocado, número de mastigações merícicas e tempo por bolo alimentar, e as eficiências de alimentação e ruminação não foram verificadas diferenças entre os níveis de glicerina bruta na dieta (P>0,05). A inclusão de glicerina bruta na dieta de vacas lactantes em pastagens tropicais não promove variações no comportamento ingestivo. A ausência de efeitos negativos relacionados ao uso deste coproduto em substituição ao milho nestas condições permite a sua utilização em até 18% de glicerina bruta em dietas para vaca leiteiras sem alterar os parâmetros comportamentais relacionados à ingestão de alimentos

Seminário de Dissertação (2024)

Página da disciplina de Seminário de Dissertação (MPPP, UFPE, 2022) Lista de participantes == https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1mrULe1y04yPxHUBaF50jhaM1OY8QYJ3zva4N4yvm198/edit#gid=