Overview of Brazilian Malaria Incidence from Environmental, Economic and Spatial Factors in Amazon and Extra Amazon Region

Malaria is caused by the protozoan Plasmodium and its infection can occur in several ways being the most common through the bite of the female mosquito Anopheles darling The life cycle of the vector is related to the dynamics of the ecosystem that lives situations such as global warming generate a great concern regarding the possible amplification of the reproduction capacity of vectors according to climate change These diseases are much more frequent in regions where the climate is tropical such as Brazil The incidence of the vector is characterized by several factors such as biological ecological sociopolitical cultural and economic factors the latter influence health expenditures in Brazil regarding the preventive measures of infectio

PROJETO DE INOVAÇÃO PEDAGÓGICA “ANJOS DA QUÍMICA”: INSIGHTS SOBRE EVASÃO, NIVELAMENTO E CURSOS PREPARATÓRIOS PARA O ENEM

O trabalho desenvolvido pelo projeto de inovação pedagógica “Anjos da Química” objetivou avaliar os principais fatores que levam a evasão do curso de Química Ambiental e atenuar as dificuldades dos alunos durante a graduação, por meio de monitorias e cursos de nivelamento. Também foi ofertado curso pré-vestibular popular para escolas públicas e privadas. Os resultados mostram que aproximadamente 90 discentes foram atendidos pela monitoria e que quando a monitoria é corretamente trabalhada dentro da disciplina há um aumento no número de alunos aprovados. Dois diagnósticos do curso foram realizados, o primeiro entre os alunos regularmente matriculados no curso para saber as principais dificuldades encontradas e os resultados mostraram que as maiores dificuldades dos alunos são nas disciplinas de Física e Cálculo. O segundo diagnóstico do curso foi realizado com os alunos que evadiram o curso de Química Ambiental e é importante destacar que 78,6% dos alunos que desistiram do curso não conhece os programas de permanência estudantil da UFT. O curso pré-vestibular popular foi realizado em duas escolas de forma presencial, com a participação de 28 alunos e ao final 91% dos alunos que participaram afirmaram a necessidade de um curso preparatório para concorrer ao vestibular/ENEM

Quality of seedlings of Copaifera langsdorffii Desf Cultivated in Alternative Substrates According to the Source and Methods of Application of Humic Acids

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of humic acid application methods on an alternative organic substrate in the quality of seedlings of Copaifera langsdorffii Desf. The experiment was carried out in a nursery of production of forest seedlings under cover of the dark type with 50% of luminosity retention, located in the municipality of Dianópolis state of Tocantins, in geographical coordinates, 11° 37′ 41″ S of latitude, 46° 49′ 17″ W of longitude, with altitude of 702 meters. The results revealed that the use of the commercial humic acid source applied via foliar promotes a higher quality of seedlings in relation to the alternative source and the absence of application of humic acids

Over-liming in the Construction of the Fertility of Red Yellow Latosol with Different Phosphorus Sources

The availability of P in Cerrado soils is a limiting factor for the satisfactory development of crops. It is known that the efficiency of phosphate fertilization is low and depends on several factors, such as solubility of fertilizers, soil texture, and soil acidity. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the availability of phosphorus as a function of different phosphate sources under the influence of pH, as well as to determine its fertilization efficiency in a red latosol. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse at Tocantins federal university, in DIC, Brazil was used, in a 3 x 5 + 1 scheme. A red-yellow Latosol was used and three sources of phosphate fertilization were evaluated: Mono-ammonic phosphate - MAP, single superphosphate - SS and Natural phosphate - FN, plus one treatment without fertilization, in five evaluation periods (0, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days). Therefore, the pH in CaCl2 of the soil stabilized between (5.5 – 6.5) in approximately 83 days of incubation with the acidity concealer. The SS and MAP phosphate fertilizers promoted the highest available P contents, with 6.32 and 6.23 mg.d m−3, respectively. The use of FN showed low P levels during the evaluated incubation period, mainly due to its lower solubility

Germination and Initial Growth Performance of Anadenanthera macrocarpa (Benth.) in Different Substrates

Seed germination is considered the crucial phase in the establishment and development of plants. Knowledge about the appropriate conditions for seed germination is of fundamental importance, mainly due to the influence and different responses that they can present depending on several factors such as seed viability, light, water, oxygen, temperature, and substrate, among others. Therefore, the main objective of the work was to evaluate the germination and the initial development of the A. macrocarpa in the function of different substrates. The experimental design adopted was completely randomized, where six different substrates were used in four replications. The treatments consisted of S1 (Commercial Substrate); S2 (Washed Sand); S3 (Commercial Substrate 50% + Vermiculite 50%); S4 (Commercial substrate 50% + Rice straw 25% + Pine bark powder 25%); S5 (Black Soil); S6 (Black Soil 75% + Sawdust 25%). The evaluated characteristics were germination percentage (%), emergence speed index, shoot and root length (cm), shoot and root fresh mass (gram), and shoot and root dry mass (gram). The use of commercial substrate + vermiculite stood out for most of the analyzed characteristics, being germination (78.57%), aerial part fresh mass (0.1187g), root fresh mass (0.0263g), aerial part dry mass (0.0689g) and root dry mass (0.0149g). The lowest averages observed for all characteristics were with the use of black soil substrate

Viability and Vigor of Annona squamosa, L. Seeds in Different Substrates

The Annona squamosa belongs to the Annonaceae family and is native to Tropical Americas and the West Indies. Its fruit can be consumed fresh, but it is also used in various foods such as purees, ice creams, mousses, yogurts, and traditional juices. For this reason, its economic relevance in Brazil has been significant, driven by the growing demand in the consumer market. The production of quality seedlings depends on various factors, with substrate composition being of great importance. The germination of seeds, root initiation, and rooting are directly linked to the chemical, physical, and biological characteristics of the substrate. The experiment was conducted at the Federal Institute of Education, Science, and Technology of Tocantins, in the city of Gurupi - TO, between March 4, 2022, and August 22, 2022. Seeds of Annona squamosa were taken from the fruit itself and sown in the following substrates: Washed sand; Commercial substrate + rice husk + chicken manure; Black soil; Black soil + coconut shell powder + commercial substrate. The substrate black soil + coconut shell powder + commercial substrate provided higher viability and vigor values in Annona squamosa seeds

Revised Approach, Conditions, and Cultivation Practices of Cicer arietinum L. in the Cerrado

Chickpeas, a nutritionally rich legume that is widely appreciated in world cuisine, require specific care for effective cultivation. Its ability to thrive in hot climates, poor soils, and well-drained soils is essential, as it makes it possible to grow crops in different regions. The ideal planting period, typically in the spring, requires attention to seed depth and spacing, as well as careful irrigation during flowering and pod formation to avoid fungal problems. Its ability to fix nitrogen is an advantage, but controlling pests and diseases such as aphids and powdery mildew is vital for ensuring a healthy harvest. The harvest, carried out after the drying of the plants, requires careful procedures for the storage of the grains, avoiding damage by fungi. Chickpea cultivation is constantly evolving, adopting modern practices to ensure efficiency and sustainability, driven by its nutritional significance and crucial presence in global cuisine, encouraging continuous improvements in production to meet growing demand. The research adopted methods based on the methodological framework outlined in the study "Factorial Experimental Design: A Brief Review"