4,480 research outputs found
Two-time autocorrelation function in phase-ordering kinetics from local scale-invariance
The time-dependent scaling of the two-time autocorrelation function of spin
systems without disorder undergoing phase-ordering kinetics is considered. Its
form is shown to be determined by an extension of dynamical scaling to a local
scale-invariance which turns out to be a new version of conformal invariance.
The predicted autocorrelator is in agreement with Monte-Carlo data on the
autocorrelation function of the 2D kinetic Ising model with Glauber dynamics
quenched to a temperature below criticality.Comment: Latex2e, 7 pages with 2 figures, with epl macro, final from, to
appear in EP
Arp 220 - IC 4553/4: understanding the system and diagnosing the ISM
Arp220 is a nearby system in final stages of galaxy merger with powerful
ongoing star-formation at and surrounding the two nuclei. Arp 220 was detected
in HI absorption and OH Megamaser emission and later recognized as the nearest
ultra-luminous infrared galaxy also showing powerful molecular and X-ray
emissions. In this paper we review the available radio and mm-wave
observational data of Arp 220 in order to obtain an integrated picture of the
dense interstellar medium that forms the location of the powerful
star-formation at the two nuclei.Comment: 9 pages, 4 figures, to appear in: IAU Symposium 242 Astrophysical
Masers and their Environment
Equal-time correlation function for directed percolation
We suggest an equal-time n-point correlation function for systems in the
directed percolation universality class which is well defined in all phases and
independent of initial conditions. It is defined as the probability that all
points are connected with a common ancestor in the past by directed paths.Comment: LaTeX, 12 pages, 8 eps figure
Opportunities for maser studies with the Square Kilometre Array
The Square Kilometre Array (SKA) is the radio telescope of the next
generation, providing an increase in sensitivity and angular resolution of two
orders of magnitude over existing telescopes. Currently, the SKA is expected to
span the frequency range 0.1-25 GHz with capabilities including a wide
field-of-view and measurement of polarised emission. Such a telescope has
enormous potential for testing fundamental physical laws and producing
transformational discoveries. Important science goals include using H2O
megamasers to make precise estimates of H0, which will anchor the extragalactic
distance scale, and to probe the central structures of accretion disks around
supermassive black holes in AGNs, to study OH megamasers associated with
extreme starburst activity in distant galaxies and to study with unprecedented
precision molecular gas and star formation in our Galaxy.Comment: 5 pages, to appear in: IAU Symposium 242 Astrophysical Masers and
their Environment
Local scale invariance as dynamical space-time symmetry in phase-ordering kinetics
The scaling of the spatio-temporal response of coarsening systems is studied
through simulations of the 2D and 3D Ising model with Glauber dynamics. The
scaling functions agree with the prediction of local scale invariance,
extending dynamical scaling to a space-time dynamical symmetry.Comment: Latex, 4 pages, 4 figure
On the feasibility of studying vortex noise in 2D superconductors with cold atoms
We investigate the feasibility of using ultracold neutral atoms trapped near
a thin superconductor to study vortex noise close to the
Kosterlitz-Thouless-Berezinskii transition temperature. Alkali atoms such as
rubidium probe the magnetic field produced by the vortices. We show that the
relaxation time of the Zeeman sublevel populations can be conveniently
adjusted to provide long observation times. We also show that the transverse
relaxation times for Zeeman coherences are ideal for studying the vortex
noise. We briefly consider the motion of atom clouds held close to the surface
as a method for monitoring the vortex motion.Comment: 4 pages, 1 figur
Kinetics of the long-range spherical model
The kinetic spherical model with long-range interactions is studied after a
quench to or to . For the two-time response and correlation
functions of the order-parameter as well as for composite fields such as the
energy density, the ageing exponents and the corresponding scaling functions
are derived. The results are compared to the predictions which follow from
local scale-invariance.Comment: added "fluctuation-dissipation ratios"; fixed typo
The association between water kilomasers and compact radio sources in the starburst galaxy NGC2146
We report the detection of 22 GHz water vapor emission toward the starburst
galaxy NGC2146, made using the Effelsberg 100-m telescope. Interferometric
observations with the Very Large Array (VLA) show that a part of the emission
originates from two prominent sites of star formation that are associated with
compact radio continuum sources, likely ultra-compact HII regions. It is
concluded that the emission arises from the most luminous and distant water
`kilomasers' detected so far. Our data increase the number of water maser
detections in northern galaxies (Dec > -30 deg) with 100 micron IRAS point
source fluxes > 50 Jy to 18%.Comment: 4 pages including 3 figures, accepted for publication in A&A Lette
DOMAIN WALLS IN THE QUANTUM TRANSVERSE ISING MODEL
We discuss several problems concerning domain walls in the spin Ising
model at zero temperature in a magnetic field, , applied in the
direction. Some results are also given for the planar (-) model in a
transverse field. We treat the quantum problem in one dimension by perturbation
theory at small and numerically over a large range of . We obtain the
spin density profile by fixing the spins at opposite ends of the chain to have
opposite signs of . One dimension is special in that there the quantum
width of the wall is proportional to the size of the system. We also study
the quantitative features of the `particle' band which extends up to energies
of order above the ground state. Except for the planar limit, this particle
band is well separated from excitations having energy involving creation
of more walls. At large this particle band develops energy gaps and the
lowest sub-band has tunnel splittings of order . This scale of
energy gives rise to anomalous scaling with respect to a) finite size, b)
temperature, or c) random potentials. The intrinsic width of the domain wall
and the pinning energy are also defined and calculated in certain limiting
cases. The general conclusion is that quantum effects prevent the wall from
being sharp and in higher dimension would prevent sudden excursions in the
configuration of the wall.Comment: 40 pages and 13 figures, Phys. Rev. B, to be publishe
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